全新版大学英语第二版综合教程3Unit2.

.,UNITTWO,Civil-RightsHeroes,.,TEXTA,THEFREEDOMGIVERS,.,Pre-readingTasks)Global-readingTasksWhile-readingTasksAfter-readingTasks,.,Readtheintroductorypartofthetextandthinkaboutthefollowingquestions.In2004acenterinhonorofthe“undergroundrailroad”opensinCincinnati.Therailroadwasunusual.Itsoldnoticketsandhadnotrains.Yetitcarriedthousandsofpassengerstothedestinationoftheirdreams.,Pre-readingtasks,.,Questions1.Whatisanundergroundrailroadinthenormalsense?2.Whatisthisundergroundrailroadspecialfor?3.Canyouimaginewhatthisrailroadwasbuiltfor?4.Whatprobablyarethedreamsofthepassengers?5.WhatistheconductoroftheUndergroundRailroad?6.WhatisthestationoftheUndergroundRailroad?7.WhatarethepassengersoftheUndergroundRailroad?,.,MapReadingReadthefollowingthreemapsandanswerthefollowingquestions.,.,MapReading,.,HomePage,GameDirections,Alabama,Alaska,Arizona,Arkansas,California,Colorado,Connecticut,Delaware,Florida,Hawaii,Idaho,Illinois,Indiana,Iowa,Kansas,Kentucky,Louisiana,Georgia,Maine,Maryland,Massachusetts,Michigan,Minnesota,Mississippi,Missouri,Montana,Nebraska,Nevada,NewHampshire,NewJersey,NewMexico,NewYork,NorthCarolina,NorthDakota,Ohio,Oklahoma,Oregon,Pennsylvania,RhodeIsland,SouthCarolina,SouthDakota,Tennessee,Texas,Utah,Vermont,Virginia,Washington,WestVirginia,Wisconsin,Wyoming,ComingSoon!,.,.,.,Warm-upTimelineofSlavery,.,1619-SlavesinVirginiaAfricansbroughttoJamestownarethefirstslavesimportedintoBritainsNorthAmericancolonies.1705-SlavesasPropertyDescribingslavesasrealestate,Virginialawmakersallowownerstobequeaththeirslaves.Thesamelawallowedmastersto“killanddestroy”runaways.1775-AmericanRevolutionBeginsBattlesattheMassachusettstownsofLexingtonandConcordonApril19sparkthewarforAmericanindependencefromBritain.,.,1776-DeclarationofIndependenceTheContinentalCongressasserts“thattheseUnitedColoniesare,andofRightoughttobeFreeandIndependentStates”.1783-AmericanRevolutionEndsBritainandtheinfantUnitedStatessignthePeaceofParistreaty.1808-UnitedStatesBansSlaveTradeImportingAfricanslavesisoutlawed,butsmugglingcontinues.1860-AbrahamLincolnElectedAbrahamLincolnofIllinoisbecomesthefirstRepublicantowintheUnitedStatesPresidency.,.,18611865-UnitedStatesCivilWarFouryearsofbrutalconflictclaim623,000lives.1863-EmancipationProclamationPresidentAbrahamLincolndecreesthatallslavesinRebelterritoryarefreeonJanuary1,1863.1865-SlaveryAbolishedThe13thAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionoutlawsslavery.,.,CulturalNotes,TheUndergroundRailroadwasnotunderground.Becauseescapingslavesandthepeoplewhohelpedthemweretechnicallybreakingthelaw,theyhadtostayoutofsight.Theywent“underground”intermsofconcealingtheiractions.Sometimestheyevenhidinunusualplaces,.,Manycleverandcreativeideashelpedslavesduringtheirescape.Whenabolitionist(废奴主义者)JohnFairfieldneededtosneak(偷偷摸摸地进行)28slavesovertheroadsnearCincinnati,hehiredahearse(灵车)anddisguisedthegroupasafuneralprocession.Henry“Box”Brown,aslave,hadhimselfshippedfromRichmondtoPhiladelphiainawoodenbox,.,MartinLutherKing,.,UncleTomsCabin,.,CulturalNotes-Christian（1）,Quaker(贵格会教徒/公谊会教徒):anymemberoftheSocietyofFriends(公谊会),areligiousgroupestablishedinEnglandinthe1650sbyGeorgefox.QuakersworshipChristwithoutanyformalceremonyorfixedbeliefs,andtheirmeetingofteninvolvesilentthoughtorprayer.Theyarestronglyopposedtoviolenceandwar,andareactiveineducationandcharitywork.,.,Christian（2）,Methodist(卫理公会派教徒，循道宗信徒):amemberoftheMethodistChurch,thelargestoftheProtestant(新教徒)FreeChurchesinBritainandtheUS.Itemphasizedtheimportanceofmoralissues,bothpersonalandsocial.,.,Christian（3）,Moses(摩西):oneofthecharactersintheBible,wholedtheJewishpeopleoutoftheslaveryinEgyptandtothePromisedLand(福地，乐土).Bethlehem(柏利恒):afamousoldcityinPalestine(巴勒斯坦)andaholycity(圣地)forChristians.,.,1.PartDivision2.TextAnalysis3.NewwordsExplanation(惯用法,扩展词汇,例句),.,Partone(paras1-5),MainideaItishightimetohonortheheroeswhohelpedliberateslavesbyforgingtheUndergroundRailroadintheearlycivil-rightsstrugglesinAmerica.,.,Parttwo(paras6-23),MainideaBycitingexamplestheauthorpraisestheexploitsofcivil-rightsheroeswhohelpedslavestraveltheUndergroundRailroadtofreedom.,.,TextAnalysis,Inthispart,theauthortellsthestoriesofthreecivil-rightsheroes.Whoarethey?Givethemainideaofeachstory.,.,Thethreestoriesarechosenbecausetheyarerepresentativeofallparticipantsinthismovement.Inthiswaytheauthorachievecoherenceofthetext.,.,1.Afterwinninghisownfreedomfromslavery,JohnParkerhelpedotherslavestoescapenorthtoCanadatogetfreedom.(lines3257)2.Supportedbyastrongreligiousconviction,thewhitemanLeviCoffinhelpedblackslavestoescapeathugerisk.(58-86)3.BytravelingtheUndergroundRailroad,JosiahHensonreachedhisdestinationandbecamefreeatlast(87114),.,Directspeechismoreconvincingthanindirectspeech,especiallywhenitcomestoexpressingpersonalbeliefs.Onotheroccasion,directspeechmakesastorymorevivid.,.,WordStudy,.,1.breeze:n.agentlewind凉爽清新的微风acool,refreshingbreezeAllofthefollowingwordsarerelatedtowind.Canyoumatchthemwiththeirdefinitions?,.,.,2.CF:slender,thingiveauthorityto批准，委托主任允许我们在实验室工作。Thedirectorauthorizedustoworkinthelaboratory.,.,AuthorizeMoneytodosth,中央政府批准拨款200亿美元建造新的大坝用来水力发电.Thecentralgovernmentauthorized$200billiontoconstructnewdamstogeneratehydro-electricpower.,.,BeAuthorizedtodosth,他被授权发表下列声明Hewasauthorizedtoissuethefollowingstatement.anauthorizedagent指定的代理人.,.,authority,haveauthorityover对有权利supremeinauthority权利无上的bytheauthorityof蒙的许可anacademicauthority学术权威,.,authorities当局，官方,authoritiesconcerned有关当局themilitaryauthorities军事当局,.,9.exploit:1.n.braveoradventurousdeedoraction（usu.pl)功绩，业绩歌颂某人的功绩singsb.sexploits他的战功使我感到惊异。Hismilitaryexploitsamazedme.,.,2.vt.（读音发生变化）1）employtothegreatestpossibleadvantage开发，利用，开采充分发挥某人的才能exploitonestalentstoexploittheoilunderthesea2)剥削这家公司用工时长、工资低的方法来剥削工人。Thecompanyexploiteditsworkerswithlonghoursandlowpay.n.exploitation,.,10.Beintentonsth/doingsth:beeageranddeterminedto(dosth.),他在学业上很专心Hesintentonhisstudies.他一心一意要去法国.HeisintentongoingtoFrance.,.,11.peer:lookcloselyorcarefully,esp.asifunabletoseewell(followedbyat/through/into,etc.)凝视，盯着看e.g.Shepeeredthroughthemist,tryingtofindtherightpath.Hepeeredatmeoverthetopofhisglasses.Hepeeredintohisparentsroomandfoundtheywerequarrelling.Short-sightedpeopleoftenpeeratotherswhentheyarewearingnoglasses.近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人。,.,peer,gazebeacceptedorlookuponas(sameaspassas)看上去像；被看作，被当作他英语讲的如此好以至于被当作是美国人.HespeaksAmericanEnglishwellenoughtopassforanAmerican.他被认为是个医生。Hepassesforadoctor.他被误认为是个有学问的人。Hepassesforalearnedman.,.,While-reading-Languagepoints,IhadtraveledheretoHensonslasthome-nowa.lines15.WhywasHensoncalledanAfrican-AmericanMoses?Henson,ablackwholivedinAmerica,helpedotherblacksescapefromtheUS.,.,JosiahHensonisbutonenameonalong.(lines21-23)Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence?Andwhatdoesbutmean?Herebutisanadverb,whichmeans“only”.,.,Eventuallyhesavedenoughmoneyworkingatthistradeonthesidetobuyhisfreedom(lines40)TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。,.,InKentucky,wherehewasnowheaded,therewasa$1000rewardforhiscapture,deadoralive.(lines44)Paraphrasethesentence.InKentucky,anyonewhocapturedhim,nomatterhewasdeadoralive,wouldberewarded$1000andnowhewasgoingtoKentucky.,.,Therewasroomforallbuttwo(lines50)Whatdoesbutmean?Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence?Herebutisanpreposition,whichmeans“except”.,.,TheothersmadeittotheOhioshore,whereParkerhurriedlyarrangedforawagontotakethem(lines54)1.Whatdoesmadeitmean?Makeitmeans“succeedindoingsomething”.Heremadeitmeans“arrived(attheOhioshore)”.2.Whatdoeslegmean?Legmeans“astageofajourneyorcourse”.Forexample,thelastlegoftheflight(飞行中的最后一段路程).,.,Hensonworkeddiligentlyandrosefarinhisownersregard(line92)Paraphrase“rosefarinhisownersregard”.Hewasregardedhighlybyhisowner.,.,After-reading-Usefulexpressions,1.微风轻拂Agentlebreezesweeps2.前往Walktoward3.打算让某人做某事Intendsbtodosth4.不仅仅Bemorethan,.,5.对某人的挚爱Devotiontosb6.家庭荣誉Familyhonor7.具有讽刺意义的是ironically8.支持Standupfor9.奋起力争Standupforoneself,.,10.有原则的人Amanofprinciple11.历史遗迹Historicsite12.在许多方面Inmanyways13.一个更繁重的使命Alargermission14.勇敢的男女们Courageousmenandwomen,.,15.建立地下铁路ForgetheUndergroundRailroad16.秘密网络Asecretweb17.解放奴隶Liberateslaves18.批准/委托authorize,.,19.民权斗争Civil-rightsstruggle20.定与/被安排(在某时)Bescheduledto21.坚决做某事Beintentondoingsth,.,Usefulexpressions,1.铸铁Ironmolding2.做兼职Ontheside3.阴冷的夜晚Chillynight4.丧魂落魄Befrozenwithfear,.,5.团团围住Closeinaround6.在某人有生之年Overthecourseofoneslife7.被激发Bemotivatedby8.被感召Bedrivenby9.宗教信仰Religiousconvictions,.,10.给饥者以食物,给无衣者以衣衫Feethehungryandclothethenaked11.得到庇护Findrefuge12.课以罚金Imposeafine13.短期监禁Abriefjailsentence14.至于Asfor,.,15.在夜色掩护下Underthecoverofnight16.把某人装扮成Disguiseas17.出殡队伍Funeralprocession18.首选终点站Primarydestination,.,19.广阔的未开发的土地Vastvirginland20.遭毒打Bebeatenharshly21.非常认命Makethebestofonesl