商业研究方法Business Research Methods

,第一周:研究方法概论(ResearchMethodsOverview),Instructor授课老师,授课老师：刘和福办公室：管理学院413室电话：3606822E-mail:liuhf答问时间：周四下午4：00-6：00,Textbook教材,商业研究方法/(美)唐纳德R库珀,(美)帕梅拉S辛德勒著郭毅,詹志俊主译北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006(Cooper,R.D.,andSchindler,P.S.BusinessResearchMethods,MacGraw-Hill,2006.),Introduction课程简介,管理研究的内容包括研究计划书的撰写和评估，研究设计方法，数据收集方法，数据分析及研究结果报告的表述。课程将结合理论、案例与实际操作，使学生了解管理研究的基本范式和方法。,Content课程內容,管理研究的概念管理研究过程和设计方法数据收集和分析结构方程模型研究论文的撰写和评判,课程结束后，学生需能：领会管理研究方法的内涵了解当前管理研究的现状了解管理研究方法范式可评估，选择，及运用适当方法解决管理研究问题能就其希望解决的问题设计合理的研究方案掌握数据收集和分析方法了解学术论文撰写的基本范式能批判性的评估相关研究成果。,Aims课程目标,GradeRequirements课程要求,阅读参考文献并准备回答相关问题，积极参与课堂中的互动事项。以小组为单位，就指定的题目准备20-30分钟简报。简报主题将围绕课堂内容，以参考文献为基础展开。每个学生需选择一个可以用实证方法进行研究的管理课题。该课题应具有可操作性，能够在指定时间内完成。准备研究提案，该提案需包括以下部分研究主题（研究问题）选题的意义（理论和实践动机）相关研究（文献综述）具体的研究问题（假设）研究路线和方案（研究方法和数据分析方法）时间安排：初步提案：第6周（一页纸，单行，五号字体）最终报告：第12周（三页纸，单行，五号字体）准备研究提案简报并在课堂回答相关问题。,Grades评分标准,课堂讨论15%文献阅读和讨论10%提案50%提案简报5%期末考试20%总计100%,ClassSchedule授课进度,第一周,研究方法概论(ResearchMethodsOverview),WhatIsResearch?,Re-Search研究,WhatIsResearch?,Merriam-Webstersdefinition:careful仔细的ordiligent勤奋的searchstudious认真的inquiryorexamination;investigationorexperimentationaimedatthediscoveryandinterpretationoffacts,revisionofacceptedtheoriesorlawsinthelightofnewfactspracticalapplicationofsuchneworrevisedtheoriesorlawsthecollectingofinformationaboutaparticularsubjecthttp:/www.merriam-,anorganized,systematic,data-based,critical,objective,scientificenquiry/investigationintoaspecificproblem,undertakenwiththepurposeoffindinganswersorsolutionstoit.,isaprocessofplanning,acquiring,analyzing,anddisseminatingrelevantdata,information,andinsightstodecisionmakersinwaysthatmobilizetheorganizationtotakeappropriateactionsthat,inturn,maximizebusinessperformance.-Cooperthesystematicand“objective”processofgeneratingknowledgeforaidinmakingbusinessdecisions,WhatIsBusinessResearch?,Researchinformationisneitherintuitive直觉norhaphazardly随意gathered.mustbeobjective客观存在的Detached公正的andimpersonal客观的ratherthanbiased有偏见的Itfacilitatesthemanagerialdecisionprocessforallaspectsofabusiness.Informationreducesuncertainty.,WhatIsBusinessResearch?,WhatIsntResearch?,PlayingwithtechnologyBookreportProgrammingprojectDoingwhatothershavealreadydoneEachofthesecanbedoneaspartofresearch,PhilosophyofResearch,Epistemology认识论(theoryofknowledge)HowdoweknowweknowMethodology方法论(studyofmethods)Ways(methods)ofknowingResearch-trytounderstandourworldbetter,Positivism实证主意(rejectionofmeta-physics形而上学)thescientificmethodisthebestapproachtouncoveringtheprocessesbywhichbothphysicalandhumaneventsoccuronlyauthenticknowledgeisthatwhichisbasedonsenseexperienceandpositiveverificationGoalofscienceisto“uncoverthetruth”Whatwecantobjectivelymeasure/observearenotknowableE.g.earlybehavioralpsychologistsfocusedonstimulus(reinforcement)andbehavioraloutcome;ignoringanythinginbetweenemotion,affection,thoughtetc./wiki/Positivism,PhilosophyofResearch,Post-Positivism后实证主义humanknowledgeisbasednotonunchallengeable,rock-solidfoundations,butratheruponhumanconjectures猜想Subjectivist主观主义noexternalreality：perceptionisrealityCriticalrealism现实批判主义Externalrealitiesindependentofourthinkingcanbestudied/measuredAllmeasurements/theoriesarefallible/revisableUsemultipleobservations/methods,PhilosophyofResearch,MethodologyTaxonomy1TheoremProof定理证明Engineering工程Empirical实证Casestudy案例分析Survey调查Fieldtest现场研究Experiment实验Subjective/Argumentative主观/辩论,FromVogelandWetherbe,1984,PhilosophyofResearch,MethodologyTaxonomy2TheoremProofLaboratoryExperimentFieldExperimentCaseStudySurveyForecasting预测Simulation模拟,Game/roleplaying游戏/角色扮演Subjective/ArgumentativeDescriptive/Interpretive描述/解释Actionresearch行动研究,FromGalliersandLand,1987,PhilosophyofResearch,StructureofResearch,BusinessResearchType,BasicResearch基础研究Attemptstoexpandthelimitsofknowledge.Notdirectlyinvolvedinthesolutiontoapragmatic务实problem.ExamplesIsexecutivesuccesscorrelatedwithhighintrinsicmotives?Aremembersofhighlyintegratedsupplychainmoreefficientthanmembersoflesscohesivesupplychain?Doleadersmanagementstyleaffecttheemployeesknowledgesharingintention?,BusinessResearchType-outcome,AppliedResearch应用研究Conductedwhenadecisionmustbemadeaboutaspecificreal-lifeproblemExamplesShouldMicrosoftopenanewRcausaldetermination,prediction,generalizationoffindingsQualitativeresearch定性研究notquantitative;useofnon-numerictechniquesMainapproach:discovery;illumination,understanding,extrapolationtosimilarcircumstances,BusinessResearchType-process,http:/www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cdic-mcc/18-3/d_e.html,BusinessResearchType-process,PrimaryResearch(fieldresearch)初步研究（实地调查）datadoesnotalreadyexist,researchcollectoriginaldata.SecondaryResearch(deskresearch)次要研究（文案调查）informationhasalreadybeenputtogetherbysomeoneelse,BusinessResearchTypedatasource,Descriptiveresearch描述性研究Characterizingaphenomenon/variableE.g.demographicsofonlineshoppersExploratory(Relational)research探索性研究RelationshipbetweenvariablesE.g.genderonlineshoppingtendencyAnalytical(Explanatory)Research分析性研究（解释性研究）Relationshipandcause-E.g.firmsizeemployeeturnoverPredictive(Casual)research预测性研究(因果研究)Causeandeffect(treatmentandoutcome)E.g.incentive(+)higherproductivity,BusinessResearchType-purpose,WhyStudyBusinessResearch?,Businessresearchprovidesinformationtoguidebusinessdecisions,MajorResearchTopics,GeneralBusinessConditionsandCorporateResearchFinancialandAccountingResearchManagementandOrganizationalBehaviorResearchSalesandMarketingResearchOperationResearchInformationSystemsResearchCorporateResponsibilityResearch国家自然科学基金委：管理科学部研究领域分类国际期刊的分类(UTDList)/top100Ranking/journals.php国际会议：AOM,ICIS,WhatsChanginginBusinessthatInfluencesResearch,CriticalScrutinyofBusiness,ComputingPower&Speed,Factors,InformationOverload,ShiftingGlobalEconomics,GovernmentIntervention,TechnologicalConnectivity,NewResearchPerspectives,DeterminingWhentoConductBusinessResearch,TimeconstraintsAvailabilityofdataNatureofthedecisionBenefitsversuscosts,Issufficienttimeavailablebeforeamanagerialdecisionmustbemade?,Istheinfor-mationalreadyonhandinadequateformakingthedecision?,Isthedecisionofconsiderablestrategicortacticalimportance?,Doesthevalueoftheresearchinformationexceedthecostofconductingresearch?,ConductingBusinessResearch,DoNotConductBusinessResearch,TimeConstraints,AvailabilityofData,NatureoftheDecision,Benefitsvs.Costs,Yes,Yes,Yes,Yes,No,No,No,No,DeterminingWhentoConductBusinessResearch,CharacteristicsofGoodResearch,FactorsContributingtotheSuccessofResearch,Academicability*Commitmenttotheprogram*EmotionalStability*Financialstability*Hardwork*ResearchcompetencyManagerialskillInterpersonalskill,ResearchCompetency：LiteraturesearchandreviewTechnicalcompetenceWritingtheresearchproposalKeepingofresearchrecordsWritingprogressreportsWritingthethesisWritingpapersforjournals/conferencesTheoreticalcompetenceThestudenthastodevelopthesecompetenciesmostlythroughowninitiative,FactorsContributingtotheSuccessofResearch,Theliteratureincludedcanbeanyformatappropriatetoyourtopic.Dontrestrictyourselftojournalarticles.LookinbooksBusinessreports,conferenceproceedings,andothernon-journalsources.Searchgovernmentwebsitesandassociationsrelatedtoyourtopic.GooglescholarLookatlibrarysubjectguidesinyourareatofindthekeydatabasesadditionalresources,ResearchCompetency：Literaturesearchandreview,Performapreliminarysearchoftheliterature.whathasalreadybeenpublished.thenumberofarticlesavailableonthetopic.selectaslightlydifferenttopicormodifythefocusoftheobjective.Recentjournalissue.ConsultWebofSciencesJournalCitationIndexDevelopalistofsubjectheadingsthatrelatetothemesofinterestSearchacrossmultipledatabasesandinformationresources.GoogleScholarReadtheliteraturethroughoutthesearchprocess.willguideyoursubsequentsearchesandrefineyourtopic.Helprefinethetopicandobjectiveoftheoverviewbeingwritten.,ResearchCompetency：Literaturesearchandreview,AResearchReportshouldgenerallyinclude:Statementofproblem(Introduction)ReviewofrelevantliteratureStatementofhypothesisorresearchobjectivesDescriptionofresearchdesignDescriptionofsampleselectionprocedureDescriptionofhowdatawascollectedDataanalysisandresultsConclusion,limitations,andimplicationsBibliographyorreferencescitedAppendices,ResearchCompetency：Literaturesearchandreview,Step1:readtheabstractDecidewhethertoreadthearticleindetailStep2:readintroductionItexplainswhythestudyisimportantItprovidesreviewandevaluationofrelevantliteratureStep3:readMethodwithaclose,criticaleyeFocusonparticipants,measures,proceduresStep4:EvaluateresultsDotheconclusionsseemlogicalCanyoudetectanybiasonthepartoftheresearcher?Step5:Takediscussionwithagrainofsalt不全信EdgesaresmoothedoutPayattentiontolimitationsCarrol2006,ResearchCompetency：Literaturesearchandreview,ResearchCompetency：Technicalcompetence,LiteraturemanagementEndnoteDataAnalysisSPSSSEM(PLS,LISREL)OfficeWordExcelPowerPoint,SubmissionofresearchproposalPresentationanddefenseofresearchproposalProcedureforworkingintheofficeoutsidenormalworkinghoursMonthlyprogressreportsProgressreportforthesemesterParticipationinSeminars,Managerialskill:pertainingtoprocedures,Managerialskill:pertainingtotheresearch,PlanningtheresearchAcquiringtheoretical&experimentalskillsExecutingtheresearchplanMonitoringtheresearchprogressKeepingtheresearchlogbookSubmissionofProgressreportsPreparationofthethesisCareoftheresearchmethods,willinteractwith:ThesupervisororsupervisorycommitteeGraduatestudentsinhisgroupGraduatestudentsinothergroupsinsameprogram/schoolGroupsinotherschools/institutionsUndergraduatestudentsworkingunderthesamesupervisororgroupTechnicalsupportpersonnelAdministrativesupportpersonneladeptatinterpersonalskillswillfindthepathlessbumpy,InterpersonalAspectsofResearch,TheStudentandtheSupervisorKnowwhoyoursupervisorisKnowtheworkofyoursupervisorAscertainwiththesupervisorhowtheroutinemeetingistobecarriedout.MakenotesofallmeetingswiththesupervisorandgivehimacopyKeepyoursupervisorinformedofprogressandactivitiesSubmitreport/manuscripttoyoursupervisornotroughoutlinesAllowyoursupervisorsufficienttimetoreadyourreportormanuscriptAskyoursupervisorhowhelikestoseethemanuscriptforyourthesisSeeyoursupervisorifyoufaceanyproblems,dontdisappearandlethimsummonyou,InterpersonalAspectsofResearch:,TheStudentandtheGroupbeworkingonaspecifictopicwithinalargerresearchprogramhisownresearchplanwillinevitablyaffecttheresearchplansofothersinthegroup,e.gintheuseofequipmentCooperationORtransferringAwellorganizedgroupcanprovidestrongsupporttoeverymember,InterpersonalAspectsofResearch:,EthicsofBusinessResearch,referstoacodeofconductorexpectedsocietalnormofbehaviorwhileconductingresearchEthicalconductappliestoOrganizationMemberssponsoringtheresearchTheresearcherswhoundertaketheresearchTherespondentswhoprovidethemwiththerelevantdata,Plagiarism抄袭Fraud/Cheat欺诈Steal窃取,EthicsofBusinessResearch,PLAGIARISM抄袭Tostealandpassoff(theideasorwordsofanother)asonesown.Topresen