选修8第五单元Reading.ppt

,选修8,英语教学课件系列,Unit5Meetingyourancestors,Reading,DoyouknowaboutZhoukouDian?Whereisit?Whatisfamousfor?,ItisontheLongguMountain,FangshanDistrict,Beijing.ItisfamousforPekingMan,acompleteskull(头盖骨)ofanape-man(猿人)datingback600,000years.,Pre-reading,北京人头盖骨化石,北京猿人复原图,ZhoukoudianCaves,1933年北京市房山县周口店龙骨山山顶洞出土。骨针长8.2厘米,孔径0.31-0.33厘米。这是中国已发现的时代最早的骨针之一,其针身保存完好,针孔处破裂,针尖锐利,表面有刮磨痕迹。针孔是用尖状器刮挖而成。,骨针,Archaeologistsstudyearlypeoplebyexaminingtheobjectstheyused.LookatthepicturesinthereadingpassageandthinkaboutwhatkindoflifePekingManlived?Didtheysufferfromcold,starvationordisease?MakeatentativeguessaboutwhatPekingManmayhavedoneandusedthousandsofyearsago.Comparetheirlifewithourstoday.Thenreadthepassagetoseehowaccurateyouwere.,Whatobjectsareusedbytheprimitivepeople?,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,stone,woodenorbrickhouse,cave,wooden,specialforeachroom,TV,sport,films,hobbies,education,job,Internet,familygettogether,fruit,vegetables,meatandfish,etc,naturalfood,suchasnutsandfruits.,naturalandman-madefibres,skins,leaves,naturalfurnituremadeofstoneorwood.,1.Themainideaofthetextisaboutthe_ofourearliestpeopleintheZhoukoudianCaves.A.lifeandhabitsB.foodandclothingC.homesandfishingD.farmingandhunting,Reading,A,Choosethebestanswer.,2.Throughtheconversation,everythingaboutourearliestpeopleismentionedEXCEPT_.A.homesB.toolsC.dressD.entertainment3.OurearliestpeopleintheZhoukoudianCaveskeptthemselveswarmby_.A.workingB.fightingC.makingfiresD.hunting,D,C,4.EvidencehasshowedthattheearliestpeopleintheCavesused_tomakeclothesaccordingtotheconversation.A.leavesB.treeskinsC.animalskinsD.cotton5.FromtheconversationwecaninferthattheearliestpeopleintheCaveswerevery_.A.busyandrichB.idleandlazyC.cleverandhardworkingD.stupidandcruel,C,C,Findtheinformationaboutneedleandnecklace.,clothes,methods,Tools,wore,cut,clean,appearance,animalbones,cutup,fishbones,caught,seashells,travelled,ate,nearby,traded,1.Whatanimalsweretheirmostdangerousenemies?Tigersandbearsweretheirmostdangerousenemies.,Answerthequestions.,2.Howdidtheymakeclothes?,Theirclothesweremadefromanimal_.Theyused_stonetoolsto_theanimalsand_theirskin.Thensmaller_wereusedtocleanthefatandmeatfromthem.Theyhadto_anampleamountofsaltinsidetheskintomakeit_enough.finally,theywouldhavecutitand_thepiecestogetherwith_madeofanimalbones.,skins,sharpened,scrapers,rub,cutup,remove,soft,sewn,needles,3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenecklacetheywore?,Someofthenecklacebeadsweremadeofanimal_butsomeweremadeof_,whichtellusthatallthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.Perhapstherewas_betweenearlypeopleortheytraveledtotheseasideontheirjourneys.,bones,shells,trade,1Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.,Comprehending,1.WhyhavetheEnglishstudentscometotheZhoukoudiancaves?Thestudentswanttofindoutabouthowearlypeoplelived.TherearenosuchsitesinEnglandwhiletheZhoukoudiancavesprovideanexcellentexampleofasitewhereearlypeoplelived.,2.Wheredidearlypeoplelive?3.Howdidearlypeoplekeepwarm?,Earlypeoplelivedincaves.,Theyusedfurfromanimalsforclothesandhadfiresburningallwinter.,4.Whatdidtheyusefordoors?5.Whatdidtheyeat?,Thearchaeologistthinkstheymayhaveusedanimalskins.,Theyateanimalmeat,suchastigersandbears,andfishfromthelakenearby.Theyalsopickedfruitwhenitwasripe.,2Writedownthreewaysinwhichthelifeofearlypeoplediffersfromyourown.Usetheinformationfromthereadingpassagetohelpyouwitheachcategory.,Homes:caves,perhapswithskinstokeepoutthecoldTools:scrapers,axe-heads,boneneedlesDress:animalskins,sewntogetherwithneedlesandthread,necklaces,Topic1Topic2Topic3,Readtheconversationagainandfindoutthethreetopicsthatthearchaeologisttalkedabout.,Lifeinthecave,Whatcanwelearnfromaneedle,Whatcanwelearnfromanecklace,DoyouthinkitisimportantforustoknowaboutZhoukoudiancaves?Why?ZhoukoudianCaveswereformallyinscribed(记入)onthe“WorldHeritageList”inDecember1987attheeleventhsessionofUNESCOWorldHeritageCommittee.TheinscriptionofthePekingManSite,Summary,ontheWorldHeritageListconfirmstheexceptionalanduniversalvalueoftheculturalsite,whichrequiresprotectionforthebenefitofallhumanity.ThesiteisthereforenotonlyofChina,butalsooftheworldasawhole.,1.Youmustbeawarethatitsherethatwevefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.想必你们知道,正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。1)Youmustbeawarethat主句后接由强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。must是作为情态动词表示肯定推测,译作“一定,肯定”,只用于肯定推测。对现在或将来事实推测,用“mustdo”。,Languagepoints,Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk走了很长的路,你一定很饿。对正发生或进行的事进行推测,用“mustbedoing”。Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.灯亮着,他一定正在做作业。对过去的事进行推测,用“musthavedone”。Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。,此时,应注意反意疑问句的构成。如果句中有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问句用“didnt+主语”;如果句中无表示过去的时间状语,反义疑问句用“havent/hasnt+主语”。Hemusthavearrivedherelastnight,didnthe?他一定昨晚就来这儿了,不是吗?Hemusthavearrivedhere,hasnthe?他一定来这儿了,不是吗?,2)awareadj意识到的,知道的通常用作表语Weshouldbeawarethatalotofanimalsarebecomingendangered我们必须清楚地认识到许多动物正濒临灭绝的危险。beawareofsth.知道;意识到Thoughmostsmokersareawareofthedangersofsmoking,theywontgiveup.,3)itsherethatweve是强调句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分,此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语和状语。ItwasyourmotherwhomImetinthestreet我在街上碰到的是你的母亲。ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourmother.我是在街上碰到你母亲的。Itwasshewhohadbeenwrong.错的是她。,Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_matters.(2005天津高考)A.ThatB.whatC.whichD.this本题强调主语,此时应用that来引导。4)“Wholivedinthispartoftheworld”是定语从句修饰先行词people。people在定语从句作主语,故用关系代词who来引导定语从句。,A,2.Imsorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?很抱歉打扰你,我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？,1)句型“Imsorry.but.”是口语中委婉的表达,“but”表示语义上的转折。-Areyoufreethisweekend?-Imsorry,butlhavelotsofworktodo-周末有空吗?-对不起,我有大量的事要做。,2)interruptvt.插嘴Itisrudetointerrupt.“Dontinterrupt,”hesaid.,Dontinterrupthim,wereinterruptedbythewar,区别:interrupt和disturb,interruptv.打扰,打断,阻碍。常有“使停止(中断)”的意思。Hisspeechwasconstantlyinterruptedbyapplause.disturbv.打扰,妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。Baddreamsdisturbedhersleep.,3.Wehavefoundhumanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandornaments.我们在山的比较高的洞穴里发现了动物和人类的骨头以及工具和装饰品。aswellas1)conj.aswellas可以用来连接两个相同的成分,如：名词、形容词、动词、介词,通常不位于句首。意为“不但而且”。,2)prep.相当于besides,inadditionto，意为“除之外”,后面通常接名词或动词。Aswellaseatingfivecoursemeals,theydranktwobottlesofwine.,Shesingsaswellasplayingthepiano.HelenaswellasIiseagertoseetheperformance.,4.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold因此我们有理由认为他们不顾寒冷住在这些洞穴里。1)regardlessof不管;不顾Heclimbedthebuilding,regardlessofthedanger.不管有多危险,他还是爬上了大厦。inspiteofWewillpersevereregardlessofpastfailures.尽管以前我们失败过,但仍要坚持下去。,2)assumevt.假定;设想科学家们设想月球上没有动物。_thattherearenoanimalsonthemoon.装作她装出一副吃惊的样子。She_.担任,承担我来承担责任。I_.,Thescientistsassume,assumedalookofsurprise,assumedtheresponsibility,Assume后多跟名词,宾语+tobe+n./adj.that从句。Assuming放在句首,表一种猜测。e.g.Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨,我们该做什么呢？扩展:assumptionn.makeanassumption,5.Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm,cookedthefoodandscaredwildanimalsawayaswell.他们用这火取暖、做饭,还能用火吓跑野兽。1)would表示猜测,译为“想必”、“肯定会”如果汽车当时翻到悬崖下,他们早就丧命了。_ifthecarhadgoneoverthecliff.,Theywouldhavebeenkilled,2)keepthemwarm为keep+宾语+宾语补足语的结构意为“使处于某种状态(情况)”。用作宾语补足语常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。Hekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour.Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.,6.Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick,whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰,几乎有六米厚,这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。1)havebeenexcavating现在完成进行时,意思是一直在挖,表示过去发生的动作一直不间断地进行到现在,强调动作的继续。,Ihavebeenlookingformylostbookforthreedays,butIstillhaventfoundit我已经找了三天我丢的书,但仍没找到。Shehasbeensweepingthestreetallday.Sheistootired.她一整天都在扫大街,她太累了。Wehavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Wedontwanttowaitanylonger.我们已经等你两个小时了,不想再等了。,2)句中“which”用来引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为其前的句子。3)suggestvt.tomakeevidentindirectly;imply意为“暗示,意味,表明”Herpalefacesuggeststhatshewasill.她苍白的脸色表明她病了。Thehandwritingofthelettersuggeststhatthelettermightbefromalady从书信的字体上看,写信人是一位女性。,Asilencesuggesteddisapproval.沉默暗示着反对。Hisfacesuggestsheishappynow从他脸上能看出他现在很幸福。Hisbadmannerssuggestalackoffamilyeducation他的无礼反映了他缺乏家教。,但当suggest作“建议”讲时,其用法为:suggest+doingIsuggesthergoinghomeatonce我建议她马上回家。suggest+(that)shoulddoIsuggested(that)she(should)gohomeatonce.我建议她要马上回家。,-Howdoyou_wegotoBeijingforourholidays?-Ithinkwedbetterflythere.Itsmuchmorecomfortable.(2004福建高考)A.insistB.wantC.supposeD.suggest,D,4)mighthavedoneA:Wherewasyoursister?IdidntseeheratthepartyB:ShemighthavegoneswimmingwithsomefriendsA:你姐姐上哪儿去了?聚会时我没见到她。B:她可能和朋友游泳去了。,7.sharpenvt.使锋利，尖锐；使强烈Theknifeneedssharpening.Thetoneofhislettershassharpenedrecently.sharpadj.锋利的,尖锐的;急转的,陡峭;突然的,急剧asharpturn急转弯asharpincrease急剧增加,8.cutup切碎工人将木头劈碎。_.早期人类用石器切割动物。Earlyman_animals.cupdown砍倒;削减cutaway切掉;剪掉;跑开cutin插嘴;突然插入;超车cutoff切断,断绝cutthrough刺穿;抄近路通过,Theworkercutupthewood,usedstonetoolstocutup,9.Yesandsowellpreserved还保存得如此完好。这是省略的句子,完整句应是:anditissowellpreserved(it指necklace)preservevt.1)保存;保护;收藏e.g.Youcanpreservemeatorfishinsalt.你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。,2)保持;维持e.g.Itisoneofthedutiesofthepolicetopreservepublicorder.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。相关短语:preservesb./sth.保护某人/保存某物preservesth.(forsth.)保存/保留某物以preservesb.(fromsb./sth.)保护某人以免preservationn.,10.Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshavebeenspecificallyshowingus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake确实,正如植物学分析具体显示给我们的那样,附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。as引导的非限制性定语从句常译作“正如那样”。Astheproverbgoes,“Theenemyindisguiseisjustlikethewolfinsheepsclothing.”正如谚语所说的那样,伪装的敌人就像是披着羊皮的狼。,2)analysisn.(planalysis)分析Iwasverymuchpleasedbyyouranalysisofthesituation.我非常满意你对形