正反比例应用题对比练习课.PPT

过去完成时的复习,教学目标：复习过去完成时的概念及运用,教学难点：过去完成时的实际运用,一概念,过去完成时把时间推移到过去某一时间之前，与现在不发生联系，由had+-ed分词构成它的主要用法有三个，即已完成用法，未完成用法和虚拟用法,（1）已完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成如：,Tomflewhome,buthisfatherhaddied.,（2）未完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时还未结束，仍有继续下去的可能性如：,Bysixoclocktheyhadworkedtwelvehours.,（3）虚拟用法表示主观愿望和过去事实相反的，非真实的假设虚拟情况如：,Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.,A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntget,C.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot(Key:D),二用法,已完成用法,by过去某一时间连用，意为到为止在之前，表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了得动作如：,Wehadgoteverythingreadybythetimetheyarrived.,练习根据汉语提示完成句子：,_（到他岁时），he_（建立）hisownchemicallab.,(Key:Bythetimehewas14;hadbuilt),_（在比赛临结束之前），they_（踢进了）twogoalsandwe_（踢进了）four.,(Key:Bytheendofthematch/Beforethematchnearlyended;hadkicked;hadkicked),Bythetimethenewpupil_enoughcouragetoraisehishand,thebell_fortheendofthelesson.,A.hadgathered;wasalreadyringingB.wasgathering;hadalreadyrung,C.gathered;alreadyrangD.wouldrather;wouldalreadyhaverung(key:A),也常用when,before等引导的时间状语从句作为发生的时间先后对比，即主句动作发生在从句动作之前，这时主句用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时,Hehadonlyjustreachedhomewhenamancalledtoseehim.他刚到家就有人找他（when在此有突然之意）,IhadnotgonemuchfatherbeforeIcaughtthemup.我没有走多远就赶上他们了,练习Tomwasdisappointed(失望的)thatmostoftheguests_whenhe_attheparty.,A.left;hadarrivedB.left;arrived,C.hadleft;hadarrivedD.hadleft;arrived(key:D),Howlong_eachotherbeforethey_married?,Aboutayear.,A.havetheyknown;getB.didtheyknow;weregoingtoget,C.dotheyknow;aregoingtogetD.hadtheyknown;got(key:D),常与fore,since,until,when等构成的时间状语（从句）连用，表示由过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,UntilthenIhadknownnothingaboutit.那时以前我对其一无所知,IhadonlybeenthereforfiveminuteswhenJohnwalkedin.我在那里仅呆了五分钟，约翰就进来了,练习Shetoldmethatshe_(be)illsinceshe_(come)backfromtheseaside.,(key:hadbeen;came),4过去完成时常用在宾语从句（或间接引语）中。这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。如：,Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_andalotofthings_.,A.hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolenB.hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolen,C.hasbeenbrokeninto;stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen,(key:D),ThepenI_I_isonmydesk,rightundermynose.,A.think;lostB.thought;hadlost,C.think;hadlostD.thought;havelost(key:B),练习Hetoldmethathe_(see)thefilmthedaybefore.,(key:hadseen),5在“Itwas+时间名词+since从句”句型结构中，从句的动作或状态发生在“过去的过去”。这时since从句中的动作常用过去完成时。如：,Theyaskedmetohaveadrinkwiththem.IsaidthatitwasatleasttenyearssinceI_agooddrink.,A.hadenjoyedB.wasenjoying,C.enjoyedD.hadbeenenjoying,练习1)Itwasfifteenyearssinceshehadlefthome.Herhomevillage_greatly_.(key:hadchanged),2)ItwasnearlytwoweekssinceI_(receive)hisletter.(key:hadreceived),6常用在hardlywhen;nosoonerthan句型中，表示“一就”。如：,1)_gotintotheroom_thetelephonerang.,A.Hehardlyhad;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;when,C.Hehadnot;thatD.Nothadhe;when(key:B),2)_leftthehouse_itbegantorain.,A.Nosoonerhadwe;whenB.Hardlyhadwe;then,C.Wehadnosooner;thenD.Nosoonerhadwe;than(key:D),B.未完成用法,多用于宾语从句或间接引语中，有时用于before/assoonas等引导的时间状语从句中。如：,1.Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince1989.,2.Hesaidhewouldcomeassoonashehadfinishedhiswork.,他说一干完活就来。（hadfinished表示“过去将来”）,练习,1）昨天夜晚九点以前，我们已经得到200幅宇宙飞船发来的照片。,_,we_200picturesfromthespaceship.,(key:Bynineoclocklast:hadgot),2）到那年年底，亨利已收集了一千多张外国邮票。,_,Henry_morethanathousandforeignstamps.,(Bytheendofthatyear;hadcollected),3)I_(study)Englishfor3yearsbeforeI_(go)toAustralia.,(key:hadstudied;went),4)I_(work)for3yearsIbeforeI_(join)thePLA.,(key:hadworked;joined),C虚拟用法,1动词think,want,hope,mean,plan等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。如：,Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghappened.,我本想来，但有事就没有来。,2wish后的宾语从句中表示不能实现的愿望；或条件状语从句中表示一种假设与过去事实相反的情况时，则从句中的动词形式用过去完成时。如：,1)IwishI_youyesterday.,A.sawB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee(key:C),2)Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.,A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome(key:D),3)Ifhe_,he_thatfood.,Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.,A.waswarned;wouldnottake,B.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken,C.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken,D.shouldbewarned;wouldhavetaken(key:B),3Asif/asthough“似乎、好像”，引导的从句表示一种与过去事实相反的虚拟情况时，该从句谓语动词应