初中英语宾语从句完整47055ppt课件

TheObjectClause,宾语从句,宾语从句(Theobjectclause)定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。,1.CouldyoupleasetellmeifDavidSmithcomes?2.CouldyoupleasetellmewhetherJanecomesornot?3.Couldyoupleasetellmewhowillbringfood?4.Couldyoupleasetellmewhatweneedtobuy?5.Couldyoupleasetellmewhenthepartystarts?6.Couldyoupleasetellmewherethepartyis?7.Couldyoupleasetellmehowwecangetthere?8.Couldyoupleasetellmewhichbusweshouldtake?,宾语从句学习要点：,一、语序二、引导词三、时态四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别五、宾语从句的反意疑问句六、否定转移,三要素,MyfavoritesportisIamIspeak/have/likeIcanplay,Areyou?Canyouplay?Doyoudo?Whereareyou?Whatcanyoudo?Howdoyoudo?,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,结构比较,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,_+_+_,结构比较,be,情态动词,助动词,主语,谓语,_+_+_,.,主语,?,_+_+_,特殊疑问词,一般疑问句,?,?,_+_+_,主语,?,_+_+_,主语,结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前.,句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序,将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?,Thereisabanknearhere,ItisonFifthAvenue,Theyaredoinghomework,4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?,sheworksinahospital,youwenttoCenterPark,wehavetowearauniform,wecanwearhatsinschool,7.Canwewearhatsinschool?,8.Wheresyourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?,Whereyourpenpalisfrom,Wherehelives,Whatlanguageshespeaks,Whyyoulikepandas?,.,11,一、宾语从句的语序,陈述句语序即：连词主语谓语动词,陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.,.,12,一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.Iwonderifheworkshard.或Iwonderwhetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave？Idontknow.Idontknowwhenheleft.Whatsthematter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变.如:Couldyoutellmewhatsthematter?可以告诉我怎么了吗?,.,13,3.下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。IthinkthathewillcometoChinanextyear.Iwanttoknowifhewasathomeyesterday.Canyoutellmewheredoesyourmotherwork?Doyouknowwhocananswerthequestion?Pleasetelluswhereisthehospital?,yourmotherworks,thehospitalis,T,T,T,F,F,宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：,引导词,（看从句）,从句是陈述句(口语中常省略）,从句是一般疑问句,从句是特殊疑问句,Weknow(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?,thatif/whether（是否）wh-/how(即特殊疑问词),二.宾语从句的引导词,1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.,练一练,1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow2.Shesays3.Tellyourfriend,（that）,2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.,练一练,1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Theteacherasks,if/whether,3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idontknowwhythetrainislate.,练一练,Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?Whendoeshegetup?Howdidyougotowork?Whowillyouplaywith?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Canyoutellme4.Themanasked,引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether;是肯定语气，用that.,If/whether（是否）的区别,一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.在介词后：Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.与ornot连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisntimportant.,主语,从句是特殊疑问句,当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致,可简化成:特殊疑问词+todo.,CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice？,Canyoutellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice？,1.填写合适的引导词,1Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3Ihardlyunderstand._hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe,C,A,B,B,5.Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when6.Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose8.Heaskedhisfriend_togothereornot.A.ifBwhetherC.whatD.that,C,A,A,B,2：用that,if/whether,how,where,what,.等连接词填空.1.Ihear_theywillvisitourschoolnextweek.2.Doyouknow_thegirlis?3.Couldyoutellme_Icangettothepark?4.Wethought_youhadneverbeentherebefore.5.Pleasetellme_youlive.,that,who,how,that,where,6.Motheraskedme_Ihadfinishedmyhomework.7.Doyouknow_sheisangry?8.Theteacherasked_yournamewas.9.Tomisten.Iwanttoknow_youare.10.Heaskedyou_youwereastudentornot.,why,what,howold,whether,if/whether,.,28,三、宾语从句的时态（看主句）,如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：1）Ihaveheard（that）he_(come)backnextweek.2）Wewonderwhenhe_(start)learningEnglish.,willcome,started,.,29,5)Hetoldmethathe_(be)toShanghai.6)Couldyoutellmehowhe_(go)toschooleveryday?,hadbeen,goes,注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.,.,30,时态练习,1Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Couldyoutellmewhetherthey_dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are,A,D,C,Couldyoutellme+宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。,.,31,4SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled,B,C,四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别,1.宾语从句:ifwhen2.状语从句:条件状语从句if时间状语从句when,是否什么时候(即特殊疑问词),如果,从句时态根据句意而定,当时,时态:1)主句一般将来时/一般现在时/祈使句/含情态动词,从句一般现在时.2)主句一般过去时,从句一般过去时.,主要从汉语意思去区别，重点是时态运用。,5.If/when区别练习:,1.Ifit_(rain)tomorrow，Iwontcome.2.Hedidnttellmeifit_(rain)tomorrow.3.Idontknowifhe_(come)tomorrow.Ifhe_(come),Illtellyou.4.Whenit_(stop)raining,wellgoswimming.5.Couldyoutellmewhenthefilm_(start)?Illleaveforamoment.,wouldrain,rains,willcome,comes,stops,willstart,如果,是否,是否,如果,当.的时候,什么时候,综合练习(各地中考题),1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if2.Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.-HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.-Weneverknow_theoldmanis.-Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where,A,D,谁动了我了奶酪,A,.,35,4.Iwastold_BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.-Doyouknow_?Imgoingtoseehim.-Sorry,Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6-Wheredoyouthink_he_thecomputer?-Sorry,IhavenoideaA.;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy,D,C,A,.,36,17.Idontfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_thismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwasthematter8.-WhereisJack?-Heisawaytospendhisholiday.HesgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butImnotsure_.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there,D,C,其它问题,否定的转移：,当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时,其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。,如：Idontthinkheisright.我认为他不对。,.,38,附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：如：Shedidntsaythathewouldcomehere,_?2.当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：Idontthinkheisserious,_?Ibelievehecanfinishitontime,_?,ishe,canthe,didshe,.,39,标点符号的确定：带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。,主句是陈述句:。HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow.问句：？Doyouknowwhenhellbeback?,.,40,一、引导词if/whether区别特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+todo二、语序whatisthematter?（怎么了？）语序不变三、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用一般现在时Couldyoutellme?,宾语从句六注意：,.,41,四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别五、反意疑问句一般看主句I+think,believe,suppose,guess等看从句六、否定转移在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：Idontthinkhehastimetoplaywithgirl.我认为他没时间