主语从句讲解加练习

Grammar,主语从句,Grammar,Whichpartservesassubjectineachsentence?,1.Youareastudent.,2.Smokingisbadforyou.,3.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.,4.“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.,5.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.,6.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.,7.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.,AsentenceservingassubjectiscalledSubjectClause.,主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious.从属连词:that,whether；连接代词:who(whoever),whom,whose,what(whatever)which(whichever)；连接副词:when,where,how,why。,1.从属连词：that，whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。,Thathewillwiniscertain.他肯定会赢。Whetherhellcomehereisntclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。,注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”而把从句放在后面。例如:,1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.,*it为形式主语,Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.,Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat.遗憾的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识*_(很遗憾)welostthematch.*_(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.,Itisapitythat,Itisafactthat,2)Itis+adj.+从句Itscertainthat肯定Itispossiblethat.很可能Itisunlikelythat.不可能Itisobviousthat很明显Itisnecessaryimportantnatural.that*_(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.,+(should)+do,Itispossiblethat,Itisobviousthat,3)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起*_(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*_(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.,Ithappenedthat,Itoccurredtomethat,4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat.据说Itisknowntoallthat.众所周知Itisreportedthat.据报道Itisbelievedthat.据信;人们相信Itissuggestedthat+(should）do.建议Itmustbeadmittedthat必须承认Itcannotbedeniedthat不可否认Itmustbepointedoutthat需指出的是*_(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*_(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.,Itisreportedthat,Itissuggestedthat,主语从句可以放在前面也可以放在后面。,用it作形式主语,把主语从句放在句末。,小结：,注意事项,1.主语从句位于句首时必须由连接词引导。2.主语从句位于句末时引导词that可省略。3.主语从句位于句首时,不能用if引导。4.主语从句位于句末时,可以用if引导。,注意:,1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。,误：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Itisnatural(that)theyshouldlikeeachother.,2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导，或把if改为whether,误：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.正:WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.,2.连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,WhatmanyscientistsbelieveisthattheearthisroundWhowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.Whichstudentwillwinisuncertain.,连接代词whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序),Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.这里说的话都应当保密。Whoevermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。,Whateverandwhoever,WhateveranythingthatWhoeveranyonewho不管是谁犯了法，他都应该受到惩罚。Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished。Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.,3.连接副词when，where，how，why等。,Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Whentheywillleaveisnotdecided.Wheresheisfromisunknown.Howwewillpaintthehousehasnotbeendecided.,Completethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,when，who,why,howorthat.,1.(_isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.,3.(_wewillgotomorrow)hasntbeendecidedyet.,2.(_theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.,4.(_canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.,5.(_itwillrainornot)isnotclear.,What,When/How,Where/whether,Who,Whether,主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,Conclusion:,主语从句的规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律,例1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.,规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。,正：Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.,主语从句的规律：,例2.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,正：Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,规律二、连词that在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。,主语从句的规律：,例3.Ifthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.,正：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.,规律三、whether可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能,主语从句的规律：,例4.Thatwhetherhewillhelpothersisafact.,正：Thathewillhelpothersisafact.,规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。,主语从句的规律：,例5.Whenhewillcomeareapuzzle.,正：Whenhewillcomeisapuzzle.,规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。,主语从句的规律：,1.Whatheneedsisthatbook.2.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.,规律六、what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。,规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用it做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。,Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.,Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.,主语从句三要素,hebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.,Iswhatyoutoldmereallytrue?,谓语动词多用单数,从句用陈述语序,不能省略关联词,How,1.在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数。,1、无论他说什么都不重要。,Whateverhesaysisofnoimportance.,2、无论谁说这话都不对。,Whoeversaysthisiswrong,但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定。WhatIneedismoney.WhatIneedarebooks.,找出错误，并给出理由：1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisntdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Ifthepolicemanwillcomeisnotcertain.4.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.,weshall,Whether,It,Thatyouhave,5.Itisorderedweshouldleaveatonce.6.Wherehecomesfromareamystery.7.Whatwhetherhelikesthejobisnotclear.8.Whoheisandwhereheisfromisimportant.9.Whathesawisthestarsinthesky.,that,is,x,are,are,thecatdo,made,Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.,What,cry,Makeasentence,30,talkabout,theuseofcellphone,Whattheyaretalkingaboutistheuseofcellphone.,Makeasentence,30,report,getthehighestpoints,matchItisreportedthatYaoMinggotthehighestpointsinthematch.,Makeasentence,30,Itmakestheteacherangrythatthechilddoesntknowtheanswer.,teacherangry,Dontknowtheanswer,Makeasentence,30,Exercises:,1.hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.,A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever,D,2.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.,A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what,A,3.wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.,A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,B,4.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.,A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter,A,5.wastoreturntoschool.,A.ThatreallyinterestedhimB.Whatreallyinterestedhim,C.WhichreallyinterestedhimD.Thatinteresthimreally,B,6.makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.,A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever,C,7.yourmenhavebeenonmylandwithoutpermission.,A.ItseemsthatB.Thereseemstobe,C.ThatseemsD.Itseemsfor,A,8.Ithasalwayspuzzledmetheoldmanliedared,silkribbonontheyoungtree.,A.thatB.whyC.whereD.what,B,11._hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How,12._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere,13._isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.AWhichBAsCWhatDIt,14.Itsknowntousall_aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto15.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when16.WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave,17._makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.AWhatBWhoCWhateverDWhoever,18.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.AwhateverBthatCwhichDwhichever,19._madetheschoolproudwas_morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because,20._hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where,21.parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As,22_theyaremostinterestedinishowtheycanproducemoreandbettercars.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhatD.That23_wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where24._makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever25._surprisedmemostwasthatsuchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.ThatB.WhatC.ThatD.When,C,B,C,B,26._wegoswimmingeveryday_usalotofgood.A.IfdoB.ThatdoC.IfdoesD.Thatdoes27.It_Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat28.Itsuncertain(不确定）_theexhibitionwillbeholdinShanghai.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how29._theboydidnttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which,D,C,A,D,30_wecanthaveseemsbetterthanthatwehave.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.whose31._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether32._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If.B.WhetherC.ThatD.Where33._isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbytheCEO.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who,C,B,D,A,34._wellfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That35._makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody36._teamwillwinthematchisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How,A,A,C,37.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggr