英语阅读理解--推断题

,ReadingComprehension,Howtodealwithquestionsofinference,阅读推理判断题,推断题分类,1.问题形式:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.Fromthetextweknowthatismostlikely.Whenthewritertalksabout,whatthewriterreallymeansis.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimplies/indicatesthat.Wecaninfer/concludefromthepassagethat.这类题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate(暗示)等标志性词语。,一、如何推断隐含意义,2.技巧点拨:（1）针对细节推断(2)针对主题思想,一、如何推断隐含意义,推理判断,借助常识,1.Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalledthedeathwatchbeetle.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle_.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.,Practica1,2.Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudontturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.Thepassageimpliesthatrocks_.hurtseaanimalsprotectseaanimalsC.wontbefoundonbeachesD.cantbefoundonbeaches,Practice2,Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment,itwas_.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects,Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches（蟑螂）andtwospiders（蜘蛛）.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，”repliedtheman，“ImmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”,Practice3,5.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Maryfeelspityforherself.B.Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease.C.Marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible.DMarydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor.,Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor，sherefusestofallintoselfpity.“Everybodyonearthcanask，whyme？aboutsomethingorother，”sheinsists.“Itdoesntdoanygood.Nooneisimmune(免疫的)toheartachepain，anddisappointments.Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers.IvecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasIvegrownupthissecondtime.IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe.”,高考链接-2010湖南卷,4,Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetext?A.HappinesscomesfrompeacefullifeinthecountryB.HealthismoreimportantthanmoneyC.TheharmonybetweenmanandnatureisimportantD.Goodolddayswillneverbeforgotten,Thenthepeoplerealizedwhatwashappening.Itwasthefrog.Theyhadntbeenuseless.Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob-eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases.Now,thepeaplearestillpoor.Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentosoundsofinsectsandfrogs.Thesesoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning.,高考链接-2010辽宁卷,5,topicsentence,SeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison_.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatesandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledorhavediedout,3.,notmentioned,二、如何推断作者观点和态度：,1.问题形式:Thewritersattitudetowardis_.Thewriterthoughtthat_.Accordingtotheauthor_.,2.技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。,Brainstorming,说明文中作者的态度:objectiveneutral在议论文中，有：(1)positive(2)negative(3)neutral(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)ironic(8)critical(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic(11)cautious(12)admiring,客观的,消极的,漠不关心的,赞成的,不赞成的,乐观的,悲观的,中立的,积极的,讽刺的,批评的,中立的,Notes,谨慎的,崇拜的,Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology?A.CriticalB.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.,Therewasatimewhensomepeopleslivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace,andinafamiliarpattern.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced;theyfarmedwithbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.,高考链接-2010江西卷,6,5.Whyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行贿)，anddeath.Frankly，Imsickofallthisbadnews.Thisauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform,6.（江西卷）Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcryingholdingbacktearsofanger,painorsufferingcanbebadforphysicalhealth.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,dontfightit.Itsanaturalandhealthyemotionalresponse.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.,8.Whyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行贿)，anddeath.Frankly，Imsickofallthisbadnews.Thisauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform,解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌恶透了），故应选A。,三、如何推断写作目的,1.Questionforms:(1)考查整篇文章的写作目的A.Thewriterspurposeofwritingthispassageisto_.B.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?C.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_.(2)考查某处细节的写作意图A.Thewriterusestheexampleoftoshowthat_.B.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.C.arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_.,Brainstorming,Tointroducesth,Tosellaproductorservice,Toarractreadersattention,Toattractreaderstopayforatriptosomeattraction,Tocallon,Toresiststh,Toamusereaders,Toargueagainstandsupportonesownidea,Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_.A.testthereadersknowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereadersattentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylorsimportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem,“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.,高考链接-2010湖南卷,7,TheCostofHigherEducationManypeoplebelievethathighereducationshouldbefreebecauseitisgoodfortheeconomy(经济).Manygraduatesclearlydocontributetonationalwealth,butsodoallthebusinessesthatinvest(投资)andcreatejobs.Ifyoubelievethatthegovernmentshouldpayforhighereducationbecausegraduatesareeconomicallyproductive,youshouldalsobelievethatthegovernmentshouldpaypartofbusinesscosts.Anyonepromisingtocreatejobsshouldreceiveagiftofcapitalfromthegovernmenttoinvest.Therefore,itistheindividual,notthegovernment,whoshouldpayfortheiruniversityeducation.,高考链接-2010北京卷,TheauthormentionsbusinessesinParagraph5inorderto_.AargueagainstfreeuniversityeducationBcallonthemtofinancestudentsstudiesCencouragegraduatestogointobusinessDshowtheircontributiontohighereducation,8,1.Questionforms:Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom_.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof_.,四、如何推断文章出处,Brainstorming,Dontwanderaimlesslythroughlife.Getconfusedonyourgoals,starthelpingothersinneed,andlivelifetothefullest!Lifeistooshorttobeanythingbuthappy.Visitmyblogandfindwhatyouvebeenmissing.Sighupformynewsletterandgetsevenfreeebooks,too!Readhundredsofarticleswhileyourethereinthearticlesection,whichisupdateddaily.,Practice,Thistextmustbetakenfrom_AaradioprogramB.awebsiteC.anewspaperD.aTVprogram,9,13.（全国卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(药片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(缓解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctorsadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma_.A.textbookB.newsreelC.doctorsnotebookD.bottleofmedicine,2.解题技巧推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理，特别是最后两三句话。推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。,五推断上下文内容,Questionforms:Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss_.,15.Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood,theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment.Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid.Whenhumanslearnedtomakefire,however,theybecamecapableofalteringtheirenvironment.Toprovidethemselveswithfueltheystrippedbarkfromtrees,causingthetreestodie.Clearingswereburnedinforeststoincreasethegrowthofgrassand