英语专业四级完形填空专项PPT课件

.,1,完形填空专项,.,2,（一）大纲解读,测试要求：A.能在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构完整。B.考试时间为10分钟。测试形式：本部分采用选择题。在一篇约250个单词、题材熟悉、难度中等的短文中留出10个空格。每个空格为一题，要求学生从所给的词库中选择最佳答案。测试目的：测试学生的综合语言知识和技能。文章选材特点：专业四级请按行天空选用的文章一般来自英美主流报纸杂志，语言地道，逻辑条理清晰。文体以记叙文、说明文及议论文为主。,.,3,（二）完形填空5大答题步骤,1.通览全文，把握要旨记叙文：时间、地点、人物就是关键词，注意抓住故事的线索；议论文：作者的观点或者立场是关键，要特别注意文章首尾及各段主题句；说明文：所介绍的事物的特征是关键。2.按词性对词库中的备选项进行分类3.通过语法分析确定空格所填词词性4.综合考虑，选出答案5.对照全文，检查答案,.,4,（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形,一、如何确定空白处为动词1.n./pron.vt.n./pron./todo/-ing2.n./pron.vi.（空格后无宾语）3.n./pron.vi.adv./prep.（与副词/介词搭配）4.n./pron.linkv./beadj.5.tov./-ing例：Werarely(34)_toconsiderwhyorhowtheyrununtilsomethinggoeswrong.（应填入一个动词原形）,.,5,（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形,二、如何确定空白处为分词1.has/have/had/p.p.2.bep.p.(被动语态）3.p.p.n.或n.p.p.（作形容词修饰限定名词）4.bev.-ing（进行时态）5.v.-ingn.或n.v.-ing（作形容词修饰限定名词）例：Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark,powerlesstodoanything;liftsstoppedworking,sothatevenifyouwereluckyenoughnottobe(36)_betweentwofloors,（根据结构可填入adj./v.-ing/p.p.，再根据语义作判断应填入p.p.trapped。）,.,6,（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形,三、如何确定空白处为名词1.a/an/the/adj./vt.n.2.n.v.（主语）3.prep.n.(介词宾语，此处也可以是动名词）例：Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa(35)_.(应填入可数名词单数）,.,7,（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形,四、如何确定空白处为形容词1.adj.n.或n.adj.2.adv.adj.（此处也可是分词）3.be/linkv.adj.4.adj.adj.n.(两个形容词共同修饰名词）例：Inthehome,many(32)_devicesarepoweredbyelectricity.（可填入形容词做前置定语）,.,8,（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形,五、如何确定空白处为副词1.adv.v.或v.adv.2.adv.adj.3.adv.句子例：Evenwhenweturnoffthebedsidelampandare(33)_asleep,electricityisworkingforus,drivingourrefrigerators,heatingourwater,orkeepingourroomsair-conditioned.（应填入副词修饰asleep）。,.,9,（四）完形填空解题技巧,一、确定积极还是消极意义，缩小选择范围例：Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses,foralthoughthepolicehadbeenorderedto(standby)incaseofemergency,theywerejustasconfusedand(40)_asanybodyelse.（根据confused作判断，应为消极意义，需选择与confused并列的形容词）,.,10,（四）完形填空解题技巧,二、利用词库中同词性的形近词例：Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthecharacterofeverymoderncity.Inthehome,many(32)_devicesarepoweredbyelectricity.(labor-saving;money-saving)(根据语义判断形近词money-saving为干扰项，应选labor-saving),.,11,（四）完形填空解题技巧,三、利用词库中的近义词或反义词例：Inthesummerof1959,somethingdidgowrongwiththepower-plantthatprovidedNewYorkwithelectricity.Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa(35)_.(pause;standstill)（根据a判断应填入名词，从foragreatmanyhours推敲应该是停滞不前而不是暂停，故选standstill),.,12,（四）完形填空解题技巧,四、利用词汇复现原词同义词近义词上义词下义词,.,13,A.lookingB.focusonC.variousD.extensiveE.regionF.differences.G.famousH.enormousI.entireJ.overallK.neitherL.exactlyM.need.N.eitherO.geography,Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographerscompareandcontrast(1)_placesontheearth.Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords,ge,theGreekwordfor“earth”andgraphein,whichmeans“towrite”.TheEnglishwordgeographymeans“todescribetheearth”.Somegeographybooks(2)_asmallarealikeatownorcity.Othersdealwitha(3)_,astate,anation,oran(4)_continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Anotherwaytodividethestudyof(5)_istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,(6)_branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves,records,andexplainsthe(7)_betweenplaces.Ifallplaceswerealike,therewouldbelittle(8)forgeographers.Weknow,however,thatnotwoplacesare(9)_thesame.Geography,then,isapointofview,aspecialwayof(10)_atplaces.,.,14,A.lookingB.focusonC.variousD.extensiveE.regionF.differences.G.famousH.enormousI.entireJ.overallK.neitherL.exactlyM.need.N.eitherO.geography,Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographerscompareandcontrast(1)_placesontheearth.Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords,ge,theGreekwordfor“earth”andgraphein,whichmeans“towrite”.TheEnglishwordgeographymeans“todescribetheearth”.Somegeographybooks(2)_asmallarealikeatownorcity.Othersdealwitha(3)_,astate,anation,oran(4)_continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Anotherwaytodividethestudyof(5)_istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,(6)_branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves,records,andexplainsthe(7)_betweenplaces.Ifallplaceswerealike,therewouldbelittle(8)_forgeographers.Weknow,however,thatnotwoplacesare(9)_thesame.Geography,then,isapointofview,aspecialwayof(10)_atplaces.,v.-ing,v.p,adj.,adj.,n,n.pl,adj.,adj.,adj.,n./adj./adv,pron./adj.,adv.,v./n,pron./adj.,n,C,B,E,I,O,K,F,M,L,A,.,15,WhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation?Inone(1)_thereareasmanydifferentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit.Notwospeakersspeakin(2)_thesameway,wecanalwaysheardifferencesbetweenthem,andthepronunciationofEnglish(3)_agreatdealindifferent(4)_areas.HowdowedecidewhatsortofEnglishtouseasa(5)_?ThisisnotaquestionthatcanbeansweredinthesamewayforallforeignlearnersofEnglish.Ifyouliveinapartoftheworld,likeIndiaorWestAfrica,wherethereisalongtraditionofspeakingEnglishfor(6)_communicationpurposes,youshouldtendto(7)_agoodvarietyofthepronunciationofthisarea.Itwouldbea(8)_inthesecircumstancestouseasamodelBBCEnglishorthingsofthesort.Ontheotherhand,ifyouliveinacountrywherethereisnotraditionaluseofEnglish,youmusttakeasyourmodelsomeformofnativeEnglishpronunciation.Itdoesnot(9)_verymuchwhichformyourchoose.Themost(10)_wayistotakeasyourmodelthesortofEnglishyoucanhearmostoften.,A.variesB.generalC.meaningD.situationE.possibilityF.modelG.acquireH.senseI.nonsenseJ.effectiveK.exactlyL.geographicalM.sensitiveN.affectO.matter,.,16,WhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation?Inone(1)_thereareasmanydifferentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit.Notwospeakersspeakin(2)_thesameway,wecanalwaysheardifferencesbetweenthem,andthepronunciationofEnglish(3)_agreatdealindifferent(4)_areas.HowdowedecidewhatsortofEnglishtouseasa(5)_?ThisisnotaquestionthatcanbeansweredinthesamewayforallforeignlearnersofEnglish.Ifyouliveinapartoftheworld,likeIndiaorWestAfrica,wherether