大学英语作文四级书信.ppt

四级作文书信类,分类书信是一种应用非常广泛的应用文形式之一.英文书信的种类很多.按照文体来分,可分为两大类,一类是私人书信(personalletters),另一类是事务书信(businessletters).根据用途来分,常见的书信有申请信、投诉信、道歉信、咨询信、建议信和说明信等等.格式,信封的格式(Theformatofenvelopes)在信封正面左上方写下发信人姓名、地址(也可写在信封的背面),在信封中间偏右一点,写下收信人的姓名、地址.姓名单独占一行,英文地址的写法与中文完全不同，地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：第一行写门牌号码和街名；第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名.邮票贴在信封的右上角.,LiMingChineseDepartmentBeijingUniversityBeijing,P.R.ChinaMrsMarySmith26LongStreetLondon,N.W.16GreatBritain,书信格式一封完整的书信应包括寄信人的地址和日期;收信人的姓名和地址;称呼;正文;结尾和签名.1、信头（Heading）指发信人的姓名（单位名称）、地址和日期，一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等，因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。日期的写法，如1997年7月30日，英文为：July30，1997（最为普遍）；July30th，1997；30thJuly，1997;30July,1997等。1997不可写成97。2、信内地址（InsideAddress）在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。,3、称呼（Salutation）是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也可以用冒号（美国式）。（1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或Mydear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：Mydearfather，DearTom等。（2）写给公务上的信函用DearMadam，DearSir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加Dear，是DearSir的复数形式。（3）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：DearProf.TimScales,DearDr.JohnSmith。,4、正文（BodyoftheLetter）位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好！）正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式，用齐头式，即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法.而私人信件则多用缩进式.,5、结束语（ComplimentaryClose）在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。（1）写给家人、亲戚，用Yourlovinggrandfather，Yourslovingly(Lovinglyyours)等；（2）写给熟人、朋友，用Yours,Yoursever,Yourscordially(Cordiallyyours)，Yoursaffectionately(Affectionatelyyours)等；（3）写业务信函用Yourstruly(Trulyyours),Yoursfaithfully(Faithfullyyours),Yourssincerely(Sincerelyyours)等；（4）对上级、长辈用Yoursobediently（Obedientlyyours），Yoursrespectfully（Respectfullyyours）等。,6、签名（Signature）低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始，在结束语的正下方，在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字，以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。7、附言（Postscript）一封信写完了，突然又想起遗漏的事情，这时用P.S.表示，再写上遗漏的话即可，要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方，应于正文齐头。注意：在正式的信函中，应避免使用附言。8、附件（Enclosure）信件如果有附件，可在信纸的左下角，注上Encl：或Enc：，例如：Encl：2photos（内附两张照片）。如果附件不止一项，应写成Encl：或Encs。,GraduateSchoolofStanfordUniversityStanfordUniversity发信人地址P.O.Box616U.S.A写信日期May.12,2003Mr.GeorgeWangForeignAffairsOfficeBeijingUniversity收信人地址Beijing,P.R.ofChinaDearsir,对收信人的称呼-信的正文-结束语Yourssincerely,签名LiMing,四六级考试中出现的书信作文1.2001年月(CET4)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealetter.SupposeyouareZhangYing.WritealettertoXiaoWang,aschoolmateofyourswhoisgoingtovisityouduringtheweek-longholiday.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsaccordingtothesuggestionsgivenbelowinChinese.1.表示欢迎2.提出过度假安排的建议3.提醒应注意的事项ALettertoaSchoolmateJune23,2001DearXiaoWangYours,ZhangYing,June23,2001DearXiaoWang,Iamgladtohearthatyouwillcometoseemeduringtheweek-longholiday.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincewegraduatedfromouruniversity.Imissyouverymuch.Ievencantwaittoseeyou.Ivemadeaplanforthisholiday.AsthisisthefirsttimeyoucometoBeijing,Ithinkwedbetterhaveasightseeingaroundit.Wecanvisitsomefamousscenicspotsandhistoricalsites,suchasSummerPalace,TheForbiddenCity,TheGreatWall,etc.Wecandosomeshopping,together.TherearemanysplendidmarketsandplazasinBeijing.TheStateLibraryisalsoagoodplaceforustogo.Bytheway,sincelotsofpeoplewillgotravelinginthisholiday,itmustbecrowdedonthetrain.Soyoushouldtakecareofyourluggage.BringmoreclotheswithyoubecauseBeijingismuchcolderthanKunmingatthistime.Anddontforgettotellmewhenyouwillarrive,Illpickyouupattheairport.Missyou!Yours,ZhangYing,2.2002年月（CET4)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampusYoushouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampusJanuary12th,2002DearMr.President,LiMing,Jan.12th,2002DearMr.President,Iamastudentofcomputerscienceinouruniversity.Iamwritingthislettertoyoutoshowaboutthecanteenserviceoncampusonbehalfofsomestudentsofourdepartment.Firstly,wefeelweneedmorevarietiesoffoodsservedtothestudents,whichmeanseverystudentcangetthefoodthathethinkssuitableforhispocket-moneyallowance.Secondly,wefinditessentialtoelongatetheopeninghoursof,thecanteen.Astudentfromaclassthatendsat12:00noonmayreachthecanteennosoonerthan12:30.However,thefactisthatthecanteenisclosedwhenhegetsthere.Thirdly,wearegreatlyconcernedwiththediningenvironment.Wefeelthatstudentdinersareentitledtoabetterdiningenvironmentthanwhattheyarehavingnow.Wedohopethattheuniversityauthoritywilllookintotheproblemsandsolvethem.Bestregards,YourssincerelyLiMing,3.2003年12月（CET4)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriendsinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1建议报考的专业及理由2报考该专业的基本条件3应当如何备考,December27th,2003DearXXX,Whenitcomestowhichmajoryoushouldchoose,IproposethatyouapplyforthemajorofEnglish.Tobeginwith,Englishisthemostpopularlanguagesintheworld,whichiswidelyusedinallfieldssuchasteaching,translation,foreigntradeandsoon.Whatsmore,itgoeswithoutsayingthatEnglishmajorsaremorelikelytofindagoodjobinthetighterandtighterjobmarket.,InordertostudyatEnglishDepartment,youhavetomeetthefollowingrequirements.Inthefirstplace,youhavetospendalotoftimeonit,justastheoldsayinggoes,“Practicemakesperfect”.Inthesecondplace,thebasicskillsofreading,writing,listeningandspeakingarenecessary,becausetheyarethefoundationsforyourfuturestudy.Lastbutnottheleast,youneedanintenseinterestinlearningEnglishsince“interestisthebestteacher.”Asfarasthepreparationworkisconcerned,youshouldfirstofallreviewalltherequiredvocabulary.Inaddition,youdbetterspendsometimeonreadingandwriting.Onlythroughthesemeasurescanyouhopetoenrollinouruniversity.Goodluck.Yours,XXX,4.2005年12月(CET6)Directions:Forthispart.youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoacompanydecliningajoboffer.YoushouldwriteatLeast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.对公司提供职位表示感谢2.解释为何不能接受所提供的职位3.希望予以谅解，并表达对公司的良好祝愿.ALetterDecliningaJobOffer,Dec.27,2005DearSirorMadam,WithreferencetoyourletteronDec.23rd,Idliketo,firstofall,conveymydeepestappreciationtoyourofferingmethepositionofmanagerassistantinyourcompany.AndIammorethandelightedandhonoredtogainyourtrustandassignment.However,Ihavetodeclinethisunexpectedofferwithallunwillingness,whichmainlyresultsfromanabruptchangeinmyschedule.WhenIappliedforthepositionaweekago,IalsosentanapplicationtoColumbiaUniversity,forIhadntyetmadeupmymind,whethertostartworkaftergraduationthismonth.Whatacoincidence?IgottheadmittancetothegraduateschoolofEnglishliteratureinColumbiaUniversitythesamedayIreceivedyourletter.Weighingtheprosandconsforanentirenight,Ideterminetoseizethechanceforfurtherstudyabroad.Withmyearnestapology,Idohopeyoucanpaymedueunderstandingandforgivenessforturningdownyouroffer.Inclosing,mayyourcompanyhavegreatprospectsandenjoyextensivepopularity.Yourssincerely,Sally,申请信,写作要领:常见的申请信有求职信和求学信,即就某一个职位或入学目标向收信人提出申请.写此类书信时应特别注意详细表述自己具体的经历和资历,使书信更具说服力,从而更容易达到交际的目的.中文模块:第一部分:表明写作意图,如有必要,可介绍职位或入学信息的来源;第二步分:介绍相关的资历和经历,表明写信人对获得这个职位或入学资格的自信和期待;第三部分:对收信人的考虑表示谢意,并期待回复.,模块一:May.15,2006DearMs.Harrison,IamwritinginreplytoyouradvertisementinThe21stCenturyforsomeonetoproofreadtranslationsfromEnglishtoJapanese.(写作意图及信息来源)Atpresent,IamaseniorintheDepartmentofJapaneseLanguageatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.(目前身份)Sincelastyear,Ihavebeenworkingpart-timeforMitsubishi,whichinvolvesmeindailyuseofJapaneseandintranslationfromJapanesetoChineseandviceversa.(工作经历)Inaddition,IhavenevergivenuplearningEnglishasmysecondforeignlanguage.ItooktheTOEFLlast,Augustwiththeresultof660.(语言能力)Ibelievemyqualificationsandworkexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidateforthejob.(胜任职位的信心)Iwouldbeabletotakeapart-timeworkforbetween9and12hoursperweek.(可能的工作方式)Ifyouwouldliketomeetme,Icanbereacheda(联系方式)Ilookforwardtomeetingyousoon.(期盼回复).Yoursfaithfully,XXX,模块二:May.15,2006DearSir/Madam,Iamwritingtoapplyforadmissiontoyourprogramforpostgraduatestudies.(写作意图)Enclosedwiththisletteraremyacademicrecord,proofofmylanguageabilityandmyresume,whichfurtherdetailmyqualifications.(提供详细个人资料)Currently,IamaseniorintheDepartmentofEconomicsatNanjingUniversity.(目前身份)Forthepastthreeyears,myGPA(gradepointaverage)hasrankedtopthreeinmycollege.(资历一)Lastyear,mypaperwasadmittedbyoneofthebestjournalsinthefieldofEconomicsandwillbepublishednext,Month.(资历二)Mydiligenceandloveforchallengeshaveearnedmeseveralawardsforexcellentstudentsinouruniversity.(资历三)Inaddition,IhavetakentheTOEFLtestandobtainedasatisfactorygrade.(资历四)Therefore,IbelieveIwillnothavedifficultyineitheracademicstudiesorcommunicationinyourcountry.(总结)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoseriousconsideration.(对收信人的考虑表示感谢)Pleasecontactmeatyourearliestconvenience.(期待答复)Yoursfaithfully,XXX,常用句型1.表明写信意图的常用句型(1)Iamwritingtoapplyforadmissiontoyourcollege/university/program/institute(2)Iamwritingtoexpressmyinterestintheposition/opening/post/vacancythatyourecentlyadvertised.(3)Iamwritinginreplytoyouradvertisementinforsomeoneto(4)Pleaseconsidermyapplicationforthepositionofthatyouadvertisedin(5)Ihaverecentlylearnedfromthatyouhaveopenings/areseekingapersontofillthevacancyfor,为收信人提供更详细信息的常用句型(1)Ihaveenclosed(detailsof)foryourconvenience.(2)Enclosedismyresume,whichdetailsmyqualificationsandworkexperience.(3)Iwillbeavailableforaninterviewanytime.(4)Ifyouwouldliketomeetme,Iwouldbeabletocometoyourofficeshortly(5)Iffurtherinformationisneeded,please(donothesitateto)letmeknow.(6)Iamreadytoprovideyouwithanyfurtherinformationyoumayneed.,表达自信的常用句型(1)Myqualificationsandworkexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidate/therightpersonfortheposition.(2)Mypersonalityiswellsuitedtoworkingasa(3)IbelieveIcanbeofsignificance/valuetoyourinstitute/company/corporation.(4)Ifeel/believe/amfullyconvinced/amconfidentthatIamtherightpersonforthejob.(5)Iamconfident/convincedthatmywillcombinetoproduceanexcellentworkperformance.(6)Iamsurethatyouwillfindmyservice/performancesatisfactory.(7)Ibelieve/amsure/amconfidentthatIamqualifiedfor,期望得到考虑或答复的句型(1)Ihopethat/wouldappreciateitif/wouldbegratefulif/youwillconsidermequalifiedfor(2)Iwouldliketomeetyoutodiscussthepossibilityofatamutuallyconvenienttime.(3)Thankyouforyourtimeandconsideration/consideringmyapplication/takingmyapplicationintoseriousconsideration/yourconsiderationofmyapplication.(4)Ihopeyouwillconsidermyapplication./takemyapplicationintoconsideration.(5)Pleasecontactmeatyourearliestconvenience.(6)Ilookforwardtohearingfrom/meetingyousoon/shortly/inthenearfuture/asearlyaspossible.,建议信,写作要领:写此类书信是要应收信人的要求针对某一问题提出建议和忠告.虽然写信人与收信人之间极有可能是熟人,甚至是比较好的朋友,但礼貌原则仍然不可忽视.写信人是在提建议,而不是发号施令,所以仍须注意语气的诚恳和委婉.中文模块一:第一部分:表明写作意图;第二部分:就问题提出具体的建议;第三部分:总结建议,还可表示愿意继续为对方提供帮助.,英文模板:DearXiaoWang,YouhaveaskedmeforadviceconcerningwhetheryoushouldstudyEnglishorhistory.(表明相关性)Iwilltrytomakesomeusefulsuggestions.(写作意图)Youmustkeepinmindthatyouruniversityeducationisapreparationforyourfuturecareer.(提出建议)Therefore,yourfirstconsiderationshouldbetomajorinwhatwillenableyoutoearnaliving.ThereisnodoubtthattheEnglishlanguageoffersfarwidercareerchoicesthanhistory,especiallyinanageofglobalization.(建议一)However,itwouldnotbesensibletostudyEnglishonly.Itisadvisabletoabsorb,asmuchknowledgeoutsideyourfieldasyoucantomeettheever-changingsocialneeds.(建议二)Generally,ifyouhaveacleargoalinmind,andmakefulluseofthetimeatcollege,youwillmakeasuccessfulstudent,andasuccessfulprofessionalafteryourgraduation.(总结建议)Ihopethesesuggestionswillbehelpful.AndifIhelpyouinanyotherway,pleaseletmeknow.(表示愿意继续提供帮助)Yoursever,Chenglin,中文模块二:第一部分:寒暄,就问题提出具体的建议及理由;第二部分:说明应具备的基本条件;第三部分:指出对方应该如何准备以获得成功.英文模板:,DearXiaoWang,Inyourlastletter,youaskedmeforsomeadviceinchoosingyourprospectivemajor.(表明相关性)IstronglyrecommendDepartmentofElectronicEngineeringofouruniversity.(提出建议)Firstly,asfarasthemajoritselfisconcerned,itisoneofthosefastestdevelopingtechnologicalfieldsthesedays.(原因一)Youknowthatthetwotopicsfrequentlytalkedabouttodayarecomputerandlarge-scaleintegratedcircuits,andthetechnologyofelectronicsplaysanindispensablepartintheimplementationofboth.(展开原因一)Secondly,thisdepartmentofouruniversityenjoysaverygoodreputationintheacademicworld,whereyoucangetafirst-classeducation.(原因二),ThefundamentalqualificationsarethatyoushouldbephysicallyandmentallyhealthyandyouhavetogetanexcellentperformanceintheNationalEntranceExaminations,andthelatterisquitedemanding.(应具备的基本条件)Ithinkitsratherunnecessaryformetoofferyouveryspecificsuggestionsinattendingsuchexams.(指明如何准备)Youhavealreadydevelopedacapacityforcopingwithfiercecompetitions.(原因)Withyour1percentofinspirationand99percentofperspiration,youwillsucceed.(总结建议)Yours,LiMing,常用句型1.表明写作意图的常用句型(1)Iwilltrytomakesomehelpfulsuggestions.(2)Ihopethefollowinginformationwillhelpyouto/behelpfultoyou.(3)Iamwritingthisle