非谓语动词(语法填空)

1.todo2.-ing3.done,2015届高考英语非谓语动词语法专项精讲精练课件,1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.,简单句？复合句？,whohelpthemselves,含有从句-复合句,2.Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.,只有一套主谓结构-简单句,使用条件,一个简单句中，已经存在一个主谓结构（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.,非谓语动词的,Tomreturnedfromthemanagersoffice,tellingmethatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.2.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance3.Toliveistostruggle.,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,非谓语,不定式（todo),V-ing,V-ed,asanoun,asadj.oradv.,现在分词,动名词,过去分词,非谓语动词的分类,下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词,1.非谓语动词解题四大步骤2.非谓语动词的七大经典原则,非谓语动词题的做题技巧,一.非谓语动词解题四大步骤,谓非谓，找主语，定语态定时态,1.(walk)alongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirl(run)uptoher.2.Sheisreadingabook(find)ontheway.3.Mostoftheartists(invite)tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.,Walking,running,found,invited,步骤：谓非谓，找主语，定语态，定时态,二.非谓语动词的七大经典原则,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthereto_(train)foraspaceflight.【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，另外，由于“他”与“训练”为被动关系,betrained,2._thiscake，youllneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.,Tomake,3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_（move)，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.,【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当时持续了一会儿，故用-ing。,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.,moving,4.Hesat_(listen)toher_(climb)thestairs.【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing作伴随状语；listento后跟不带to的不定式/-ing作宾补。,listentodo/doing,listening,climb,用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Shewrotetotheeditor,_thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_onabigrock(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,_alongspeech.(prepare)4._warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep),preparing,torest,hoping,Tokeep,ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的todo的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生,前面不能用逗号。,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_(let)inthenaturallightduringtheday.【解析此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。,letting,6.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_(reach)arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.,reaching,8.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_(tell)thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.,7.Hehurriedtothestationonly_(find)thatthetrainhadleft.【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。,tofind,tobetold,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.9.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle(hear).【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被动式，另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作当时尚未发生，故用不定式。,tobeheard,10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.,【解析】of后应接-ing，desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因couldbeheard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。,of,beingopenedandclosed,11.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger_(seat)atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes_(fix)uponher.,astranger,hiseyes,sitting,seatvt.,Iseatedmyself.,=Iwasseated.,=Isatdown,fixoneseyesupon,seated,fixed,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.,12._(face)withabillfor$10,000，Johnhastakenanextrajob.,(be)facedwith,Faced,13.While_(watch)television，weheardthedoorbellring.,watching,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式tohavedone或ing的完成式havingdone）14._(separate)fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.,【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。,has,Havingbeenseparated,for,15.Themanager，_(make)itcleartousthathedidntagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.,【解析】因为Themanager与make是主动关系，且make发生在谓语left之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，havingmade.相当于whohadmade.的意思。,left,havingmade,16.LiMingissaid(study)abroad.DoyouknowwhatcountryYes,InLondon.,hestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?,is,sbissaidtodo/tohavedone/tobedoing,tohavestudied,tostudy,tobestudying,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式todo，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词-ed，表示动作被动、完成。17.Therewillbemorethanthreehundredscientistsattendingthemeeting_(hold)thedayaftertomorrow.18.Therearehundredsofvisitors_(wait)infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGoghspaintings.,tobeheld,waiting,19.“Things_（lose)nevercomeagain!”Icouldnthelptalkingtomyself.20.Thelastone_(arrive)paysthemeal.Agreed!,Things,Thelastone,losevt.losesb/sth,注：受thefirst，thesecond.thelast修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。,Youarethesecondtomakethatmistake.你是第二个犯这错误的人。,lost,toarrive,原则一：用作目的状语，,原则二：用作伴随状语，,原则三：用作结果状语，,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，,原则七：用于名词后作定语时，,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.,原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/todo,原则区别是：-ing表示一定逻辑的结果，todo表示非逻辑的结果。,原则四:凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（-ing的完成式或不定式的完成式）,原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。,1：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式(todo),2：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词(v-ing),3：用作结果状语时，可用分词(v-ing)或不定式(todo),4：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词(v-ed)。,5：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致,6：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式,7：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义,英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则,Thankyou!,A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.taken,D,B,Everything,they,1._everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.,2.Everything_intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.,（四）分析时态,1.Thebuilding_nowwillbearestaurant.,2.Thebuilding_nextyearwillbearestaurant.,3.Thebuilding_lastyearisarestaurant.,havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built,_,C,_,B,_,D,二.找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一.辨别“谓与非谓”,三.非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,Practice,Challengeyourself!,1.Arailwaystationisnoplaceforachild_aloneatnight.A.leaveB.leavingC.tobeleavingD.tobeleft,2.Wewerewarned_thefishwhichmightgiveusaslightstomachupset.A.nottoeatB.noteatingC.toeatnotD.eatingnot,3._themselvesawaketheysatonthefloorandtoldeachotherstories.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Tohavekept,4._thesechildren_whatyouwantisascienceIcantellyou!A.Getting;doneB.G