spenser斯宾塞

EdmundSpenser埃德蒙斯宾塞,制作人员：董晨晨罗小芬郝秀汇报人：连锦佳,Individualresume,01,EdmundSpenser(15521599/1/13),AgreatpoetoftheBritishRenaissance.SpencerisoneofthemostoutstandingpoetsfromJeffreyChaucertoShakespeare.HewasborninadraperfamilyinLondon,England,Hestudiedliterature,philosophyandpartofnaturalsciencesatCambridgeuniversityin1569.,HisliterarypositionwassecondonlytoShakespeare,andheenjoyedthereputationof“poetpainter”,“poetmusician”and“poetofpoets.,step1,step2,step3,Twoyearsaftergraduation,hebecameahanger-onofanaristocratinanobility,metwithSirofPhilipSidney.,Undertheinfluenceofthesepoets,Spencercreatedandpublishedhispoem,In1598,hishouseburneddownintheIrishuprising,andhefledbacktoLondon.Thenextyear(1599),SpencerdiedinLondon.,WestminsterAbbey,Tomb,SpenserdiedinLondon,inamelancholydeath,SpencerwasinvestedbyanearlinWestminsterAbbey,restingatthetombofChaucer,Representativework,In1579spenserwroteandpublishedhispastoralcollection（牧歌集）,TheShepheardesCalendar牧人月历.,Healsowrotealongpoemcalled“ColinCloutsComeHomeAgain”1595克劳次回家记asonnetofAmoretti1595小爱神Epithalamion”1595婚曲,etc.,Hismasterpieceis“TheFaerieQueene”仙后.In1580,SpencerwenttoliveinIreland,thequeengavehiscastle.publishedin15901596writing.,TheFaerieQueene,02,TheFaerieQueeneTheFaerieQueeneisanincompleteEnglishepicpoembyEdmundSpenser.BooksItoIIIwerefirstpublishedin1590,andthenrepublishedin1596togetherwithbooksIVtoVI.,1578年，斯宾塞成为伊丽莎白一世的宠臣莱斯特伯爵的侍从，并在伯爵家里结识了伯爵外甥锡德尼，共同的志向和才华使他们走到一起，结成诗社。1579年，斯宾塞开始着手写仙后，并出版了他的第一本诗集牧人月历，从此宣告了英国一流诗人的诞生。1580年，他被任命为爱尔兰地方长官的秘书，他的大部分人生也是在这里度过的。1590年，仙后的头三卷付梓问世，但除了因此得到每年50磅的薪水外，他为伊丽莎白女王效忠的愿望依然落空。1594年，斯宾塞结婚并生儿育女，婚后曲和婚前曲等相继完成，仙后的后三卷也于1596年出版。,Writingbackground,BriefIntroduction,TheFaerieQueeneisalongpoemplannedintwelvebooks,ofwhichhefinishedonlysix.Itisanallegoricalwork（讽喻作品)dedicatedtoQueenElizabethI.Largelysymbolic,thepoemfollowsseveralknightsintheiradventurestotesttheirvirtues:Truth,Temperance,Chastity,Friendship,Justice,Courtesy.真理，节欲，贞洁，友谊，正义，礼貌。Dominatingthoughts:nationalism,humanism,andpuritanism.民族主义、人道主义和清教主义。,TheFaerieQueene,TheFaerieQueeneisnotableforitsform:itisoneofthelongestpoemsintheEnglishlanguageandtheoriginofaverseformthatcametobeknownasSpenserianstanza.,仙后,TheFaerieQueene,TheyoungprinceArthur,dreamsofGlorianatofindher.ButGlorianaisalsoheldonceayear.The12daysofthefeast,sendaknighttotheearthandeveryday,eachKnightrepresentsacharacterandstrength.AndPrinceArthurandtheseKnightsoftenmeet,fighttogetherdemons,exceptmonsters,heconcentratedonallthevirtuesoftheknight,becometheembodimentofthehighestmoralcharacter,TheFaerieQueene,长诗以亚瑟王（KingAuthur）追求仙后格罗丽亚娜（Gloriana）为引子，青年王子亚瑟，在梦里遇见仙后格罗丽亚娜（伊丽莎白一世的象征，意为光辉），他醒来之后就去寻找她。而仙后格罗丽亚娜也正在天上举行一年一度的12天宴会，每天派一名骑士到人间除暴安良，每一名骑士都代表一种品德和力量。而亚瑟王子和这些骑士每每相遇，共同战妖魔、除怪兽，他的身上集中了骑士的所有美德，成为最高品德的化身。,HolinessdefeatsError：anillustrationfromBookI,Partlofan1895-1897editio十字骑士的故事，红十字骑士即圣乔治与处女乌娜共同屠杀了围攻乌娜父亲城堡的毒龙，在诗中，乌娜是向导，代表真理，毒龙代表谬误。,BookIiscenteredonthevirtueofHolinessasembodiedintheRedcrossKnight.,BookI,BookIIiscenteredonthevirtueofTemperanceasembodiedinSirGuyon,whoistemptedbythefleeingArchimago（Archimagoisasorcerer男巫inSpensers“FaerieQueene.）intonearlyattackingtheRedcrossKnight.居央骑士探访了财富之窟，捉住了女巫，在亚瑟王子的搭救下，共同救出了被囚禁七年的女王阿尔玛，阿尔玛代表的是人的灵魂Temperance。,BookII,BookIIIiscentredonthevirtueofChastityasembodiedinBritomart,aladyknight.这卷主要写勃利托玛如何解救被魔术师囚禁的阿摩雷特姐妹，勃利托玛代表的是贞洁，而阿摩雷特姐妹代表了女性的美与妻子的忠贞，而魔术师则代表了不正当的爱Chastity。,BookIII,BookIV,despiteitstitle“TheLegendofCambellandTelamondorOfFriendship”,CambellscompanioninBookIVisactuallynamedTriamond,andtheplotdoesnotcenterontheirfriendship;thetwomenappearonlybrieflyinthestory.,BookIV,记叙了两个人决斗，双方都受到伤害，最后言归于好。更有趣的是他们两个人竟分别娶了对方的妹妹为妻，两个敌手成为友谊的代表。友谊在伊丽莎白时代是最受推崇的高尚情操。,BookViscentredonthevirtueofJusticeasembodiedinSirArtegal.,BookVIiscentredonthevirtueofCourtesy礼貌asembodiedinSirCalidore.,TheFaerieQueene,高贵的骑士在平原上策马驰骋，挎著锋利的刀枪和银光闪烁的盾牌，盾上深深的刀痕是历史的见证，永不让人忘记多次浴血沙场的残酷历程；但骑士却是第一次披甲挂帅。他的烈马愤怒地责怪著韁绳，像是说决不屈从於羁绊的窒碍。快乐的骑士在马上英姿飒爽，善於比武，也能在战场与敌人激烈交锋。,仙后(第一卷,节选）,格律分析,AGentleKnightwasprickingontheplaine,AYcladdinmighttiearmesandsilvershielde,BWhereinolddintsofdeepewoundsdidremaine,AThecurellmarkesofmanyabloudyfielde;BYetarmestillthattimedidheneverwield:BHisangrysteededidchidehisfomingbitt,CAsmuchdisdayningtothecurbetoyield:BFulljollyknightheseemd,andfairedidsitt,CAsoneforknightlygiustsandfierceencountersfitt.C,Themes,1,2,4,3,美德的寓言,Allegoryofvirtue,宗教信仰,Religion,fivecharacteristics,1完美的韵律2罕见的美感3奇妙的想象4崇高的道德纯洁性与严肃性5一种献身的理想主义。,1、perfectrhythm2、rareaestheticfeeling3、fantasticimagination4、noblemoralpurityandseriousness5、akindofdevotedidealism.,Spenserianstanza,03,Spenserianstanza,Eachstanzacontainsninelinesintotal:eightlinesiniambicpentameter(抑扬格五音步十音节）followedbyasinglealexandrinelineiniambichexameter（抑扬格六音步十二音节）.Therhymeschemeoftheselinesis“ababbcbcc”.,1%,Spenserianstanza,Chaos!Chaos!Kdopostihnetyltky,jevbezbarvtulevesmsici,kdeasiplynezkladzemmatky,kdelvyproudasklykumsci,kdeprvkysvtlavohonvlasatici?Chaos,chaos.jentmaatmakolir,obrovsksvtyvehlubinchspc,kdesteje,nanichsezemvzpr,kdeohevnjest,jejvesvmnitrusvr?,Spenserianstanza,Chaos!Chaos!Whodiscerns（识别）elementsAllcastinhuelesscompound（混合物）outofsight?Wherearethepillars（柱子）ofthecontinents（大陆；洲）,Thelava（岩浆）flows,alpsnearinglunarheight,Thesparksthatmakethecometstressesbright?Chaos!Chaos!Darknessinsabledressed,Titanicworlds,asleepindepthsofnightWhereistheaxle（车轴）fortheEarthsswiftrest?Wheretheeternal(永恒的)firewithintheplanetsbreast?,Spenserianstanza,ThisformwasusedbySpensersItalianrolemodelsLudovicoAriostoandTorquatoTasso.,SpensersinventionmayhavebeeninfluencedbytheItalianformottavarima,whichconsistsofeightlinesofiambicpentameterwiththerhymescheme“abababcc.,ottavarima,Spenserianstanza,Anotherpossibleinfluenceisrhymeroyal,atraditionalmedievalformusedbyGeoffreyChaucerandothers,whichhassevenlinesofiambicpentameterthatrhymeababbcc.,Achievement,04,Contribution,Spenserstartedthe“spenserstanza”(斯宾塞诗节)and“spensersonnet”(斯宾塞十四行诗）,whichmadegreatcontributionstotheinnovationandmaturityofEngl