英文介绍中国文化.ppt

ChineseCultureIntroduction,EditedBySophia,CultureSalon,中国文化,Oct2011,GeneralintroductionofChina,4History:Morethan5000years,1Population:1.4billionChinesepeople,2GDP:7.3011trillionUSdollarsin2011,3Area:9.6millionsquarekilometers,5policy:Onecountry,twosystems,Oct2011,TheElementsofChineseCulture,Painting,Opera,Writing,Building,Food,Religion,Tea,Dressing,KongFu,Music,Medicine,Arts,Oct2011,History:continuityfor5000years,About5000BC,About3000BC,2100-1600BCXiaDynasty,1600-1100BCXiaDynasty,1100-771BCWestZhouDynasty,771256BCEastZhouDynasty,221207BCQinDynasty,202BC-220HanDynasty,220-280ThreeCountry,226-420JinDynasty,Oct2011,History:continuityfor5000years-Cont,420-589N&SDynasty,581-619SuiDynasty,618-907TangDynasty,907-979Mass,960-1279SongDynasty,1271-1368YuanDynasty,1368-1644MingDynasty,1636-1912QingDynasty,1912-NowRepublicofChina,1949-NowPeoplesRepublicofChina,Oct2011,BaseofCulture:YinYangandTaiChi,TaiChi,Yin(Female),Yang(Male),BigYin,SmallYin,SmallYang,BigYang,Kun,Zhen,Kan,Dui,Gen,Li,Xun,Qian,Earth,Sky,Fire,Hill,Water,Wind,Mine,Swamp,Simple,Complex,Unbalance,Balance,Fight,Peace,Still,Move,Oct2011,Decoration:4GuardanimalsfromGod,North,East,West,South,Tiger,Tortoise,Tiger,Tiger,Dragon,Phoenix,Tiger,Oct2011,Dragon:TheTotemofChinese,Dragonis,Acreatedanimalwhichwillprotectpeople,Longlongago,Thesymbolofemperor,onlytheRoyalcanuseit,Inthedynastyage,Meansluckytogetherwithphoenixspeciallyinwedding,Since1911,ThespiritofStruggle,hardworking,andHarmony,Fornow,Oct2011,Character:acharmingHeritage,Chinesecharacterevolution,Alberto阿尔贝托Cristina克里斯蒂娜Diana迪亚娜Fernando费尔南多Juan胡安Julio胡里奥Lucio卢西奥Luis路易斯Lydia莉迪亚Manuel曼努埃尔Mara玛利亚Rubn鲁本Susana苏珊娜Tores托雷斯,Translateforeignnamebypronunciation,ChineseCalligraph,Oct2011,Building:Brickandwood,Brick,Wood,TheGreatWall,TheGreatWallofChina,oneofthegreatestwondersoftheworld.TheGreatWallwindsupanddownacrossdeserts,grasslandsandmountains,fromeasttowestofChina.Withahistoryofmorethan2000years.,ModernCity&Countryside,North&South,Oct2011,Dressing:Classicalmixedmodern,Cheongsam,Chinesetunicsuit,TangCostume,Cheongsam,Oct2011,ChineseMedicine:MagicalorWitchcraft?,FourStepstodealwithPatient,Watch+Smell+Ask+Check,Medicine,Cupping,Acupuncture,Scrapping,Oct2011,Chinesepainting:adreamworld,Theartisticconceptionismoreimportantthanthedetails,ReligionsofChina,Confucianism,Taoism,Buddhism,Confucianism,ConfucianismisaChineseethicalandphilosophicalsystemdevelopedfromtheteachingsofConfucius.Itisacomplexsystemofmoral,social,political,philosophicalandquasi-religiousthoughtthathadtremendousinfluenceonthecultureandhistoryofEastAsia.TeachingsofConfucianism:Ren(benevolence,love)Li(rites)-respectforthesystemofsocialhierarchy,Taoism,TaoismistheChinesereligionwhichbelievesinghostsandspirits.Itemphasizedcooperationwiththenaturalforces.TeachingsofTaoism:WuWei,meansactionswithoutactionsoreffortlessdoing.,Buddhism,BuddhismhasaprofoundinfluenceontraditionalChinesecultureangthoughtsandhasbecomeoneofthemostimportreligionsinChina.TeachingsofBuddha:Lifeisfullofsufferingandsufferingiscausedbypeopleswants.,Oct2011,KongFu:Strengthenbodyandsoul,InsideUniverseisthekey,SpeedandStrength,TobeknownbyBruceLee,Itsnotjustashow,KungFu,ChinaisoneofthemainbirthplacesofEasternmartialarts.ThenamesofmartialartswerecalledKungFuoritsfirstnameWushu.Chinaalsoincludesthehometothewell-respectedShaolinMonasteryandWudangMountains.Thefirstgenerationofartstartedmoreforthepurposeofsurvivalandwarfarethanart.Overtime,someartformshavebranchedoff,whileothershaveretainedadistinctChineseflavor.Regardless,ChinahasproducedsomeofthemostrenownedmartialartistsincludingWongFeiHung(黄飞鸿),BruceLee(李小龙)andmanyothers.,Oct2011,Tea:Itsanartmorethandrink,Sevenkindsofteadividedbycolors,Golden,Blue,Yellow,Black,White,Green,Red,Tea,TeaisChinasnationaldrink.nowteahasbecomefashionabledrinkintheworldsthreemajornon-alcoholicdrinks(tea,coffeeandcocoa),andwillbethe21stcenturykingbeverage.Chinaisthebirthplaceoftea,knownasteaofthemotherland.TeaistheprideoftheChinesenation!,Oct2011,Opera:Andyingartforyoungpeople,Thefacecolormeanscharacter,Red-LoyaltyBlack-SeriousWhite-LiarBlue-RashPurple-TrustableGolden-Fairy,BeijingOpera,BeijingOperaisthemostinfluentialoperainChinaandhasahistoryofaround200years.Itsynthesizesartsofsinging,dancing,recitationandmartialarts.Symbolismdominatesthemotionsandstagedesigns.TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:,Sheng,Dan,Jing,Chou,China,Chinaisthehomeofporcelain.ThebeautyofporcelainmakestheworldunderstandChina.ThewordChinahasthemeanofPorcelain.youguessitright!Earthandthefireisthebasisofhumanevolution.ChineseporcelainwhichistheartoftheearthandfirerepresentstheChinesewisdom.,Oct2011,Food:differentstyleinregions,ShandongCuisine,SichuanCuisine,JiangsuCuisine,HunanCuisine,GuangdongCuisine,FujianCuisine,ZhejiangCuisine,AnhuiCuisine,TraditionalChineseFestivals,SpringFestival,SpringFestivalisthemostimportantofthetraditionalChineseholidays.Itisofteninaccuratelycalled“LunarNewYear”,because-aspartofthelunisolarChinesecalendar(农历)-thedateispartiallydeterminedbasedonlunarphase.ThefestivaltraditionallybeginsonthefirstdayofthefirstmonthintheChinesecalendarandendswithLanternFestivalwhichisonthe15thday.ChineseNewYearsEve,adaywhereChinesefamiliesgatherfortheirannualreuniondinner,isknownaschx(除夕).Itliterallymeans“Year-passEve”.Redenvelopesorredpackets(红包)Fireworks(烟花)Firecrackerban(鞭炮),TheQingmingFestival,TheQingmingFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalonthe15thdayfromtheSpringEquinox(春分),usuallyoccurringaroundApril5oftheGregoriancalendar(公历).Astronomically(天文学上)itisalsoasolarterm(节气).Itsnamedenotesatimeforpeopletogooutsideandenjoythegreeneryofspringtime(踏青)andtendtothegravesofdepartedones.,DuanwuFestival,DuanwuFestival，alsoknownasDragonBoatFestival,isatraditionalandstatutoryholidayassociatedwithChinese.Thefestivaloccursonthe5thdayofthe5thmonthofthelunarcalendaronwhichtheChinesecalendarisbased.Thefocusofthecelebrationsincludeseatingthericedumplingzongzi,drinkingrealgarwine(雄黄酒),andracingdragonboats.Thebest-knowntraditionalstoryholdsthatthefestivalcommemoratesthedeathofpoetQuYuan.QuYuancommittedsuicidebydrowninghimselfintheMiluoRiveronthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.Itissaidthatthelocalpeople,whoadmiredhim,threwlumpsofriceintotherivertofeedthefishsothattheywouldnoteatQuYuansbody.Thisissaidtobetheoriginofzongzi.Thelocalpeoplewerealsosaidtohavepaddledoutonboats,eithertoscarethefishawayortoretrievehisbody.Thisissaidtobetheoriginofdragonboatracing.,TheMid-AutumnFestival,TheMid-AutumnFestival,alsoknownastheMoonFestivalorZhongqiuFestivalisapopularharvestfestivalcelebratedbyChinese.TheMid-AutumnFestivalisheldonthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthintheChinesecalendar,whichisinSeptemberorearlyOctoberintheGregoriancalendar.Thetraditionalfoodofthisfestivalisthemooncake.Farmerscelebratetheendofthesummerharvestingseasononthisdate.Traditionallyonthisday,Chinesefamilymembersandfriendswillgathertoadmirethebrightmid-autumnharvestmoon,andeatmooncakesandpomelosunderthemoontogether.,TheDoubleSeventhFestival,TheDoubleSeventhFestival,onthe7thdayofthe7thlunarmonth,isatraditionalfestivalfullofromance.ItoftengoesintoAugustintheGregoriancalendar.Atnightwhentheskyisdottedwithstars,andpeoplecanseetheMilkyWayspanningfromthenorthtothesouth.Oneachbankofitisabrightstar,whichseeeachotherfromafar.TheyaretheCowherdandWeaverMaid,andaboutthemthereisabeautifullovestorypasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.,ChongyangFestivalDoubleNinthFestival,Thecustomofascendingaheighttoavoidepidemicswaspasseddownfromlongtimeago.Therefore,theDoubleNinthFestivalisalsocalledHeightAscendingFestival.Theheightpeoplewillreachisusuallyamountainoratower.Atthewatersideoronthemountains,theseniorswillfindthemselvesmergedintonature.Youngergenerationswillbringelderonestosuburbanareasorsendgiftstothemonthisday.,The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongyangFestival,orDoubleNinthFestival.ItusuallyfallsinOctoberintheGregoriancalendar.,NationalDay,RepublicofChinasinceOct.1st,1949.,leisure,AnumberofgamesandpastimesarepopularwithinChineseculture.ThemostcommongameisMahJong.Thesamepiecesareusedforothersty