英语学习模板ppt课件

.,.,NobelPrizewinnerforeconomics课程讲解,制作小组：第六组制作人：朱玉朕王小舰沈志敏时间：2012年5月19日,.,人物背景知识介绍,目录,课文及练习,课文拓展,.,人物背景知识介绍,课文及练习,课文拓展,目录,总体概况,人物背景知识介绍,Tofigurebackgroundknowledge,第一部分,.,人物背景知识介绍,调研方法,Tofigurebackgroundknowledge,第一部分,美国哥伦比亚大学教授、就业与增长理论的著名代表人物。北京工商大学名誉教授。研究方向主要集中于宏观经济学的各个领域，包括就业、通货膨胀和通货紧缩、储蓄、公债、税收、代际公平、价格、工资、微观主体行为、资本形成、财政和货币政策，以及他最有成就的领域经济增长问题，被誉为“现代宏观经济学的缔造者”和“影响经济学进程最重要的人物”之一。菲尔普斯教授最重要的贡献在于经济增长理论。他继罗伯特索洛之后，对经济增长的动态最优化路径进行了分析，提出了著名的“经济增长黄金律”，从而正式确立了经济增长理论。,.,调研方法,人物背景知识介绍,Tofigurebackgroundknowledge,第一部分,菲利普斯曲线,菲利普斯（A.W.PHILLIPS）1958年证明，工资膨胀率和失业率之间存在一种反方向变化的关系。即失业率上升时，货币工资率下降；相反，失业率下降时，货币工资率上升。容忍适当的通货膨胀有助降低失业率。,.,课文及练习,第二部分,TheTextandoperation,人物背景知识介绍,Tofigurebackgroundknowledge,第一部分,Tapescript,EdmundPhelps【埃德蒙菲尔普斯】hasbeenawarded【awarded】thisyearsNobelPrizeforeconomicsMrPhelpsisaprofessorofeconomicsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.TheRoyalSwedishAcademy【瑞典皇家科学院】ofScienceshonoredMrPhelpsforhisworkinmacroeconomics【宏观经济学】Thatisthestudyoflargeforcesthataffecteconomicsatthenationalorinternationallevel.,MrPhelpscorrectlyidentified【确定】therelationshipbetweenunemploymentandinflation【失业率和通货膨胀】.Sincethe1930s,policymakers【决策者】inmanynationsdealtwithunemploymentinthesameway.Theywouldletinflationincreasetocreatejobs.,第二部分,课文及练习,TheTextandoperation,Forexample,theywouldmakecredit【信贷】easiertoget.Asaresult,peoplewouldbuymoregoods.Businesseswouldhireworkerstomeetgrowingdemand【满足不断增长的需求】,forcingpricesup【迫使价格上涨】.Formanyyears,policymakersacceptedthatreducingunemploymentrequiredhigherinflation.MrPhelpsfoundthatinflationdidtemporarily【暂时】increaseemployment.Buthediscoveredthat,overthelongterm,inflationhurtjobcreation.Hisideas,wereprovedbyeconomicconditionsinAmericainthe1970s.Thatperiod【时期】wasknownforstagflation【滞胀】havinghighunemploymentandhighinflationatthesametime.,第二部分,课文及练习,TheTextandoperation,EdmundPhelpsalsofoundthatifemployersexpectlowinflationinthefuture,theyaremorelikelytohireworkers.Today,economicpolicyexpertsbelievethebestwaytocreatejobsistofightinflation.MrPhelpsalsostudiednationalsavingsoverlongperiodsoftime.Commonsensesuggeststhataveryhighsavingsrateisbest.ButMrPhelpsshowedthatnationalsavingsrates【国民储蓄利率】canbetoohigh.Heargued,thatgovernmentsshouldtakeactiontoraisenationalsavingsEdmundPhelpsdidmuchofhisresearchinmacroeconomics【宏观经济学】duringthelate1960sandearly1970s.Hisworkcontinuestoinfluenceeconomists.Andithashelpedchangepolicy【改变政策】atcentralbanks【中央银行】,whichnowconsiderfightinginflationamaingoal.,第二部分,课文及练习,TheTextandoperation,ListeningtoapassageaboutEdmundPhelps,aNobelPrizeWinnerforEconomicsCompletehismajorviewpointsbelowwithyouhear.,ExerciseA,1EdmundPhelpsstudiedthataffecteconomicsattheevel.2MrPhelpscorrectlyidentifiedtherelationshipbetweenHediscoveredthat,overthelongterm,inflationhurt.3MrPhelpsshowedthatnationalsavingsratescanbebestsavingsrateisnotsohighthatitlimits,anditisnotsolowthatitlimits.,第二部分,课文及练习,TheTextandoperation,第二部分,课文及练习,TheTextandoperation,1largeforcesnationorinternational2unemploymentandinflationthecreation3toohighdemandsinthepresentrowthandinvestmentinthefuture,Answers,ExerciseB,Listentothepassageagain.ThistimefocusonthewrongideasandtheoriescommonpeopleandevenpolicymakersheldbeforeSupplythemissinginformation.,1Sincethe1930s,policymakersinmanynationsdealtwithunemploymentbytocreatejobs.Theycceptedthatreducingunemploymentrequired.2Commonsuggeststhataisbest.,Answers,1lettinginflationincreasehighinflation2veryhighsavingr