精选幻灯片-初中英语宾语从句课件(新)

语法专项复习,ObjectClause宾语从句,1,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句,2,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,时态,语序,3,（一）连接词,1.that2.whether/if3.连接代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词whenwhywherehow。,4,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时,5,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Askhim_.（他是否能来）2.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨）,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,6,If与whether的区别,Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.Idontcareof_heishandsome.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,与ornot连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与todo不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,7,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,whythetrainislate,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,8,if和when还可以引导时间状语从句当主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时态。,Couldyoutellmewhenhe_?Couldyoupleasecallmewhenhe_?(arrive)Ireallydontknowifhe_(explain)theproblemtousthoughhehasbeenaskedforseveraltimes.Youcanpaintyourroomblueifyou_(feel)upset.,willarrive,arrives,willexplain,feel,9,（二）语序：陈述句语序,即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.Aretheydoinghomework?3.Didthebadnewsinfluencehismood?Thereisabanknearhere.Theyaredoinghomework.Thebadnewsinfluencedhismood.,10,将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Canheswim?swim.2.Doeshehaveapen?apen.3.Whichplacedidhegoto?Whichplace.4.Whatswrongwithyou?.5.Whathappenedtoyou?.6.Whichisthewaytothestation?.想一想为什么4，5，6语序不变？,Hecan,Hehas,hewentto,Whathappenedtoyou,Whatswrongwithyou,说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。,Whichisthewaytothestation,Canyoutellme/Iwanttoknow/Iwonder/Pleasetellme?e.g.Canyoutellmeif/whetherhecanswim?,11,（三）时态(时态一致性）1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态。Idontthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewellgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?,任何,12,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,willcook,issinging,hasbeen,wasplaying,hadlearned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）,13,2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.,过去,14,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.,1)HetoHongKong.,2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)He,辨一辨,wouldgo,was,wasreading,hiswork.,hadfinished,15,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,16,3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用_时态。例如：Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.,一般现在,17,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,Hetoldme(that),SummerisafterSpring.,Iwastold(that),thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.,Myparentstoldme(that),nonewsisgoodnews.,比一比,18,三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。,eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail(2)Hehasdecidedthatheshouldimprovehisstudyskills.Hehasdecidedtoimprovehisstudyskills.,19,(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)Shedoesntknowwhatsheshoulddonext.Shedoesntknow_.,whattodonext,20,(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。,eg:(4)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?Willyoupleaseshowme_.,howtoworkitout,21,(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth结构。,eg:(5)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.(6)Donttroublemehesaidtome.Hetoldmenottotroublehim.,22,四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动用肯定式。eg:(5)Idontthinkhewillcomewithyou.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)Idontbelievehehasfinishedthework,_?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasntatschool,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语由主句的主语充当。,hashe,didnthe,23,.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?去掉dodo2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?,was,is,whose,六.课堂检测,24,Doyouknow_?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe_atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdo,C,B,巩固练习：,I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。,25,4Lilysmotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind_?whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily,C,3.Wedontknow_.-ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere,C,26,5Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.,A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake,6Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.,A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled,A,C,27,7.Couldyoupleasetellme_hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which,A,8.Couldyoutellme_?,A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijing,B.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing,C.whentheywillleaveBeijing,D.whendidtheyleaveBeijing,C,28,II.改错：,1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.,_,MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.,2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.,_,Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.,3.Hedoesntknowthatwhenshecancomeback.,_,Hedoesntknowwhenshecancomeback.,29,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be),willbe,goes,wereplaying,hasreturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,were,weredoing,30,10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hasbeen,rises,did,31,:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Ias