商务英语中的委婉表达与翻译PPT课件

.,1,上海大学国际贸易系九九级学生赵俊生于一九九九年六月参加国家大学英语司机考试，经审核，已达到大学英语教学大纲四级的教学要求，成绩优秀，授予大学英语四级证书。国家教育委员会高等教育司印章填发日期：1999年9月1日证书编码：996421743040272,.,2,ZhaoJunsheng,astudentofGrade1999fromtheInternationalTradeDepartmentofShanghaiUniversity,whotooktheCollegeEnglishTestBand-4inJune,1999,hasmettherequirementsforCETBand-4withanExcellentscoreandisherebyawardedtheCertificateofCETBand-4.TheHigherEducationDepartmentofChinasCommissionofEducationSTAMPDate:Sept.1,1999Number:996421743040272,.,3,TranslationofEnglishLetters,.,4,英语信函的特点和翻译方法,1、英语信函的组成部分1）heading信头2）insideaddress信内地址3）salutation称呼4）body正文5）complimentaryclose信尾套语6）signature写信人签名7）enclosure(encl)附件8）postscript(P.S.)再启/又及,.,5,OfficeBox1507DepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringNanjingUniversityNanjing,ChinaJuly9th,1999TheRegistrarofAdmissionTheGraduateSchoolThePennsylvaniaStateUniversityUniversitypark,Pennsylvania16802U.S.ADearSir/Madam,HavinggraduatedfromtheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringatNanjingUniversityinJune,1999,IamdeeplyinterestedinyourgraduateschoolintheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineering.Iwouldnowliketoapplyforadmissionandatuitionscholarshipatyouruniversityforthespringtermof2000.Iwouldappreciateyoursendingmecatalogandapplicationforms.AssoonasIreceiveyourletter,Ishallforwardyouallmysupportingdocuments.Iamlookingforwardtoyourresponseatyourearliestconvenience.Respectfullyyours,WangLi,.,6,TianjinTangguFoodstuffCompanyLimitedHubeiLuNo.17,Tianjin,ChinaMay12,2004NetworkFoodLimitedBeursplein373001DDRotterdam,NetherlandsATTN:ExportDepartmentDearSirs,Subject(orRE):CannedFruitsweare.yourstruly,(signature)WangBin,.,7,2、英语信函的语言特点:FourCs原则ClearnessConcisenessCorrectnessCourtesy,.,8,3、英语信函的翻译：1)ABCD原则AccuracyBrevityClarityDifferencepayattentiontothedifferencebetweenEnglishlettersandChineseletters,.,9,3)DifferenttypesofEnglishletters社交信函（Goodwillcorrespondence）：invitation;congratulation;acknowledgement;condolence;apology,etc.事务信函（personalmatters;officialmatters)jobapplications;recommendationdiplomaticletters;etc,.,10,DearFrank,Irepeatedlytriedtotelephoneyouyesterday,butyourlinewasbusyallthetimeandIwasunabletomakecontactwithyou,andtherefore,Iamwritingthisletter,towhichIwishyouwouldgivemeapromptreply.LoveMaria,.,11,亲爱的福兰克：昨日我一再试拨电话给你，而电话始终占线，无法和你取得联系。故写此信，望你能立刻给我答复。爱你的玛丽亚,.,12,DearMr.Wang,Iacknowledgereceiptofyourinvitationforthe15thNovemberandregrettoinformyouthatIshallbeunabletoattendduetoaprojectedtriptoAustraliaandtheFarEast.yourssincerelyAldenAde,.,13,王先生：参加十一月十五日活动的邀请函已经收到。由于我已预定前往澳大利亚和远东地区一行，恕届时不能前往，谨表歉意。此致敬礼！你诚挚的奥尔登.艾德,.,14,DearMrs.Taylor,WehearthatyoursonPaulhasgraduatedfromthenotableM.I.Twithhonors.Youmustbequitehappywithhissplendidaccomplishment.Heisdoubtlesslyaprideofyourfamily.Weareveryhappyforyouandwishtoextendtoyouourutmostcongratulations.Ibelievethattheknowledgehahasacquiredwillenablehimtobesuccessfulinwhatevercallinginlifehemayenter.Withbestwishesforhissuccessandhappiness.sincerelyyours,Myra.Clark,.,15,DearAnneandJerry,AmerryChristmasandahappyNewYeartoyou!AllowmetoofferyouSeasonsGreetingsontheadventofwhatwillsurelybeabrightandprosperousNewYear.Itrustthatyouandyourfamilyareenjoyingthisholidayseasoninexcellenthealth.Myfamily,whoarewellandhappy,joinmeinmygoodwishes.Mayeveryyearuniteourheartsmoreclosely.yourstruly,Barbara,.,16,DearGloria,Iammostgrievedtohearthenewsofthepassingawayofyourbelovedgrandfather.Heartfeltsympathyandmuchlovetoyou,dearfriend,asyougothroughthistimeofgrief.Stanwasoneofthoseextraordinarypeoplewhowillneverbeforgotten.Hislifewaslikeasunbeamthatlituptheworldaround.Nowwecanbaskintherainbowofthememoriesthatwellnurtureintheyearsahead.No,itwontbethesamewithouthimbyanymeans,butwewillgoonasbestaswecanandlookforwardtothedaywewillmeetagainineternity.love,Bonnie,.,17,亲爱的格劳莉亚：获悉你深爱的爷爷去世的消息，我万分难过。在历经悲痛的时刻，亲爱的朋友，请接受我深切的问候。斯坦是个了不起的人，我们永远不会忘记他。他的一生就像一束阳光，照亮了他周围的世界。在未来的岁月里，让我们在记忆的彩虹里永远珍藏着对他的怀念。确实，没有他的生活无论如何都不会再是原样，但我们一定要尽可能努力地生活下去，并期望在天国有重逢的一天。爱你的，邦妮,.,18,4）商务信函的常用翻译技巧：（1）重复、省略、否定、转换等技巧的灵活使用。（2）掌握分寸，体现原文文体，尽力保持“公事公办”的慎重态度（3）酌情使用一些常用套语，如：贵，乞谅，承蒙，为盼，赐复等。DearSir(s)/Madam尊敬的阁下/先生/女士/谨启者/执事先生/台鉴Yoursfaithfully/truly/sincerely谨上、敬上、顺致敬意,.,19,汉语常用敬辞有：“贵方、贵公司、阁下、惠请、惠顾、奉告、承蒙、莅临、恭候、垂询、包涵、感激”；汉语常用谦辞有：“愚见、拙见、敝人、敝公司、过奖、错爱、赐教”Aquickrefundwillbehighlyappreciated.贵方如能尽快退款，我们将不胜感激。Allowustothankyouforthekindnessextendedtous.对贵方之盛情，十分感激。Itwillbegreatlyappreciatedifyouwillkindlysendusyoursamples.如承惠寄样品，则不胜感激。,.,20,商务信函（Businesscorrespondence）：EstablishmentofBusinessRelationsInquiryQuotationsandOffersMakingCounter-offersandDecliningOrdersAcceptanceandOrdersTermsofPaymentLetterofCreditPackingandShipmentInsuranceComplaintsandClaimAgency,.,21,商务英语中的委婉表达与翻译,商务语言的特色：委婉客气的话语、措词得当的函电；谨慎严密的条款；委婉表达手段词汇手段：“您”、“贵”、“请”、“能否”等；语法手段：时态、语态、语气、句型等。,.,22,一、时态倒退法（一般过去式代替一般现在时，更多商量口吻）你方能否把价格稍微降低一点，以便咱们能立即成交？我们想知道贵方能否提前一个月装运货物。如果用海运方式装货，您能否告诉我该投何种险？Couldyouloweryourpriceabitsothatwecanconcludethequicktransaction?Wewantedtoknowwhetheryoucouldeffectshipmentonemonthearlier.WouldyoutellmewhatkindofriskIshouldcoverifIhavemygoodstobeshippedbysea?,.,23,二、语态被动法由于交货日期临近，谨请贵方尽快开立信用证。贵方若能立即支付上月我方发运之款项，我方不胜感激。必须强调，货物装运必须按期进行，任何进一步延期的要求将不予考虑。Asthedatefordeliveryisapproaching,youarerequestedtoexpeditetheestablishmentoftheL/C.Yourpromptpaymentofthegoodswesentlastmonthwillbeappreciated.Ithastobestressedthatshipmentmustbeeffectedwithintheprescribedtimelimit,asanyfurtherextensionwillnotbeconsidered.,.,24,三、语气虚拟法建议你方适当降价，否则，我们很难继续讨论下去。Wesuggestyoumakeareasonablereductioninprice,otherwise,wecouldhardlygoonwithourdiscussion.E-Ctranslation:IfwecouldhavethegoodsreadybymidApril,wewouldnotbeabletohavethemshippedastheshippingspaceforMelbourneuptotheendofAprilhasalreadybeenbookedup.,.,25,四、词句否定法（no,not,etc.）1.Howisyourbusiness?不错，谢谢。-Notbad,thanks.Cf.verygood,thanks.2.史密斯先生，你方价格实在难于接受。Yourpriceisreallynotacceptable.Cf.yourpriceisunacceptable.3。我们深信，你方会确保在规定的时间内装运这批货物，因为任何延误都将给我们带来极大的不便和经济上的损失。Wetrustyouwillseetoitthattheorderisshippedwithinthestipulatedtime,asanydelaywouldcauseusnolittleinconvenienceandfinancialloss.greatinconvenienceandfinancialloss.,.,26,五、语气弱化法-在否定句前加“Imafraid”、“Idontthink”、“Imnotsure”等。恐怕我们无法满足你方要求，把价格降到那样的程度。我认为，你我双方各自坚持自己的条件是不明智的。如果继续这样讨价还价，恐怕难于成交。Imafraidwecantmeetyourrequestandreducethepricetothatextent.Idontthinkitswiseforeitherofustoinsistonhisownterms.Imnotsurewecaneverconcludeatransactionifwestillbargainlikethis.,.,27,-在否定句中加上really,always,quite,too,particularly,please等使否定程度弱化，为对方留下回旋的余地。我方对这批运来的货物质量不是太满意。我对你方男式衬衫的颜色不是特别喜欢。请别忘了在外包装上刷上运输标记。Wearenotquitesatisfiedwiththequalityofthegoodsinthisshipment.Idontparticularlylikethecolorofyourmensshirts.Pleasedontforgettostenciltheshippingmarksonthepacking.,.,28,-业务洽谈中，常需了解对方的生产、设备、技术、产品、销售或咨询等情况，对一些不宜直接询问而又必须提出的问题，可在问句后加上“ifImayask”，以表示对对方的尊重。Buthowyouaregoingtopayforyourimports,ifImayask?Howaboutyourproductioncapacity,ifImayask,Mr.Director?,.,29,-add“Ihope,Iregret,please”,etc.Ihopeweareallowedtopayyourtransferredtechnologybyinstallmentswithinthreeyears.PleasemaketheclausesinyourL/CinstrictaccordancewiththestipulationsinourSalesConfirmationsothatunnecessaryamendmentstotheL/Ccanbeavoided.希望贵方能允许我方在三年内以分期付款方式偿付你们的技术转让费用。请严格按照销售确认书上的各项规定开列信用证条款，以避免不必要的修改。,.,30,六、变换句式法,请尽快开立信用证，以便我们能在本月底如期发运货物。现在已是三月，而样品尚未收到，望能告知原因。这次很想与你方当场做成这笔生意。要是贵公司能满足我们的要求就好了。Willyoutakepromptactiontoopenthecreditsothattheshipmentcanbeeffectedbeforetheendofthismonth?ItsMarchnowandthesampleshavenotreachedusyet.Wouldyouexplainwhytheyhavebeendelayed?HowIwishtostrik