unit-3-section-A.ppt

FOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY,Discoveryofanewlifestage,SectionA,2,Journeythroughtheodysseyyears,Objectives,Discoveryofanewlifestage,1.Whatistheidealuniversitylikeinyoureyes?,Knowledgeableprofessors,nicelivingconditionExcellentconditionforteachingandlearningPleasantacademicatmosphereWell-equippedlibraryandabundantonlineresources,2.Whatareyourexpectationsofyourspouse?,TobringmorehappinessinmylifeTosupportmyworkandinterestallthetimeTorespectourfathersandmothersTobuildabeautifulfamilywithmeTobroadenmyhorizon,3.Inyouropinion,whatisyourideallife?,ExcellentconditionforworkingHighincomeNicelivingconditionHumoredspouseExcellenthealth,1.Whyarethechildrensparentsoftenupsetwhentheypraisethehomesoftheirplaymates?,Toregarditasaslurontheirowncooking,orcleaning,orfurnitureToconsidertheirchildrenwillnotlovethemanymoreTobejealousofotherparents,2.Whatshouldwedotofaceourparentsaschildren?,TocommunicateeverythingwitheachotherToworkterriblyforsubmissiontoourparentsToregardthemasourfriends,Listentoashortpassageconcerningadolescentreactionandfillinthemissinginformation.,Tobecontinued,Disillusionmentwiththeparents,howevergoodandadequatetheymaybebothasparentsandas_,istosomedegree_.Mostchildrenhavesuchahighidealoftheirparents,unlesstheparentsthemselveshavebeen_thatitcanhardlyhopeto_toarealisticevaluation.,individuals,inevitable,unsatisfactory,standup,Parentswouldbegreatlysurprisedanddeeply_iftheyrealizedhowmuchbelieftheirchildrenusuallyhaveintheircharacterand_,andhowmuchthisfaithmeanstoachild.,Listentoashortpassageconcerningadolescentreactionandfillinthemissinginformation.,touched,infallibility,Tobecontinued,Listentoashortpassageconcerningadolescentreactionandfillinthemissinginformation.,Ifparentswerepreparedforthis_reaction,andrealizedthatitwasasignthatthechildwasgrowingupanddeveloping_powersofobservationand_judgment,theywouldnotbesohurt,andthereforewouldnotdrivethechildinto_byresentingandresistingit.,valuable,adolescent,independent,opposition,QuestionsPreviewing,Tips,Tips,Tips,1.WhatisthekeyinsightinTheOdyssey,alongpoembytheGreekauthorHomer?,2.WhatdoesGenerationJonesmean?,3.WhatisspecialfeatureofGenerationZ?,Culturalbackground,1.WhatisthekeyinsightinTheOdyssey,alongpoembytheGreekauthorHomer?,Theessentialsofthejourneyarenotonlyoutwardstrugglesagainsttremendousdifficulties,but,moreimportantly,inwardstrugglesleadingtopersonalgrowth.Hisjourneyistheoneofself-discoveryandofcombatinghisownarroganceandpridefromhisyoungrebelliousheart.ItmakessensetoborrowTheOdysseyfromGreekmythologytodescribetherebelliousyearsyoungpeopleusuallygothrough.,Culturalbackground,2.Whatdoes“GenerationJones”mean?,AtermusedtodescribethegenerationbornrightafterWorldWarIIin1945through1965.Itsusuallyidentifiedwith“babyboomers”.Keycharacteristicsassignedtothesemembersarelessoptimism,distrustofgovernment,andgeneralcynicism.,Culturalbackground,3.WhatisspecialfeatureofGenerationZ?,ItisalsoknownastheNetortheInternetGeneration.IntheUSandotherWesternnations,itisacommonnameforthepeoplebornfromthemid-1990sorearly2000sthroughtothepresent.ThisgenerationhasspenttheirentirelifewiththeWorldWideWebandhigh-techgadgets.,Culturalbackground,Whatdifficultiesdoyouhavetoconfrontinyouragegroups?(Para.1),Explainshowthetraditionalwaylabeledpreviouslifestages:_andoldages.,PartI(Para.1),childhood,adolescence,adulthood,Thistransitionalparagraphclaimsthat_ischanging.,PartII(Para.2),thewayofviewingdifferentlifestages,Whatdidyoungpeopleusedtodoaftercollege?(Para.3),Basedonthereading,whataretheso-called“odysseyyears”?(Para.4),Howisyoungpeoplesassumptionofadulthoodinthepastdifferentfromthatatpresent?(Para.5),Introducesanewlifestage,theodysseyyears,usingcomparisonandcontrast.Specifically,Paragraph3describes_Paragraph4presents_.Paragraph5compares_inthepastandpresent.,PartIII(Paras.3-5),whatyoungpeopleusedtodoaftercollege.,theimageofyoungpeopletoday,youngpeoplesassumptionofadulthoodpeopletoday,Howdosomeyoungpeopleintheirodysseyyearsreacttotheirparents?(Para.6),Howdidparentsfeeltowardtheirgrownchildrenwhoselivesaremovingawayfromtheirexpectations.(Para.7),Whydoeseverythingduringthisstageremaintemporary?(Para.8),Whataresomeofthecharacteristicsofthisphase?(Para.10),Thispartexclusivelydealswiththecharacteristicsoftheodysseyyearssuchasyoungpeoples_,parentsfeelingstowardthegrowingchildren,nonewguidelines,youngpeoplesholding_andsoon.,PartIV(Paras.6-10),rebelliousreaction,traditionalaspirations,Whatadviceisofferedtotheyoungpeople?(Paras.11-12),Doyouthinktheodysseyyearscouldleadtoself-discovery?Whyorwhynot?(Para.12),Encouragesyoungpeoplenevertogiveupwhenfacinganydifficulties.Theymusthave_.,PartIV(Paras.11-12),thestrength,capacityandconfidencetosuccessfullypassthroughtheodysseyyears,Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Therewerechildhood,adolescence,adulthood,andoldage,witheachuniquephasebringingitsownpeculiarsetofchallenges.(Para.1),Previousphasesinlife,Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Transition,Thewayofviewingdifferentlifestagesischanging.(Para.2),Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Previously,youngpeoplewouldmoveawayfromhomeandstartafamily;whichisdifferentfromtoday.(Para.5),Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Today,youngpeoplearefollowingadifferentagenda:theodysseyyears.(Para.4),Previously,youngpeoplesinductiontoadulthoodwascompletedoncetheygraduatedfromcollege.(Para.3),Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Newguidelinesforthisparticularphasehaventbeenestablished.Everychangeremainstemporary.(Para.8),Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Becauseofenormouspressure,youngpeoplereactwithrebelliousbehaviorstowardtheirparents.(Para.6),Theirparentsfeelmoreanxious.(Para.7),Theoutcomeofthisnewphasewillbecomemorenoticeableinthecomingyears.(Para.10),Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Thechangeingenderstatusdelaysthetimetogetmarried.However,youngpeoplestillholdtraditionalaspirationsforparenthood.(Para.9),Previousphasesinlife,Transition,Anewlyaddedphaseinlife:theodysseyyears,Characteristicsoftheodysseyyears,Advicetoyoungpeople,Advicetoyoungpeople,Successwillonlycometothosewhoknowthattheymusthavethestrength,capacityandconfidencetopassthroughtheodysseyyears.(Paras.11-12),Theodysseyyearsarecertainlyaverycomplicated_oflifeforyoungpeople.Theodysseyyearscan_youngpeoplewithenormouspressureto_.Duringtheseyears,notonlydotheseyoungpeopleneedto_manydifficulties,theyalsohavetofacemany_fromtheirparents.,phase,saddle,moveforward,Tobecontinued,overcome,challenges,But,ifyoustaystrong,bepositive,andkeepfocused,somedayyouwilllookbackandwonderatthe_asyoupassedthroughtheodysseyyears.,vastchanges,把分开；分隔,(separatefrom/businessbankaccounts),Businessbankaccountsneedtobeseparatedfrompersonalones.,separatefrom,短语逆译,短语应用,商业的银行帐户需跟个人的银行帐户分开。,意群提示,中断；暂停,(takeabreakfrom/makeherselfsomecoffee),Shetookabreakfromherworktomakeherselfsomecoffeeandthenresumedafewminuteslater.,takeabreakfrom,短语逆译,短语应用,她暂停了一会儿工作，给自己泡了一点咖啡，然后几分钟后继续工作。,意群提示,倾向于；往往会；易于做某事,(tendtodosth./needlesssleep),Peopletendtoneedlesssleepastheygetolder.,tendtodosth.,短语逆译,短语应用,人们随着年纪的增长往往不需要那么多睡眠。,意群提示,以为基础；以为根据,(baseonsth./thekeyfactors/myownexperience),Thesearethekeyfactorsforbeingasuccessfulspeaker,andtheyarebasedonmyownexperience.,baseupon/onsth.,短语逆译,短语应用,这些是成为一名成功的演说家的关键因素，是以我自己的经验为基础的。,意群提示,使承担苦差事；使负重担,(saddlesb.withsth./dueto/anincreasedcost),Thecompanyissaddledwithdebtduetotheconsequenceofanincreasedcostofproduction.,saddlesb.withsth.,短语逆译,短语应用,由于生产成本的提高,造成了该公司。,意群提示,被代替,(givewaytosth./giveoneapayraise),Hewasgreatlydisappointedoverhisbossdecisionagainstgivinghimapayraise,andsoonhisdisappointmentgavewaytoanger.,givewaytosth.,短语逆译,短语应用,他对老板不给他加薪的决定感到非常失望，很快他的失望变成了愤怒。,意群提示,放弃；退出,(backoff/doagoodjobcompletingit),Jerrybackedofftheprojectwhenherealizedhowmuchworkwasinvolvedtodoagoodjobcompletingit.,短语逆译,短语应用,当杰瑞意识到需多少工作量才能成功地完成这个项目时，他放弃了。,意群提示,backoff,对某事感到惊讶，感到诧异,(wonderat/visitorstomountainousareas),Visitorstomountainousareastendtowonderatthespeedwithwhichtheweathercanchangeinsuchareas.,短语逆译,短语应用,去山里观光的游客对这个地区天气变化之快感到诧异。,意群提示,wonderat,我们把这些阶段想象为婴儿期在童年之前，中年在老年之前，每个阶段都会面临一系列特有的挑战。,原句译文,逆译练习,Wethinkofinfancybeforechildhoodandmiddleagebeforeoldage,witheachuniquephasebringingitsownpeculiarsetofchallenges.(Para.1,L2-4),句型提炼,with+n./pron.+v-ing.,句型提炼,应用提示,构成with独立结构，主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。with之后的名词和其后的现在分词构成主谓关系，其中现在分词表示主动并正在进行的动作。,句型应用,(witheachdishemitting),典型例句,她在餐桌旁坐了下来，每道菜都散发出扑鼻的香味。(状语表示伴随),意群提示,Shesatdownatthetable,witheachdishemittingadelicioussmell.,(withhereyesfixing),典型例句,女孩坐在那里一言不发，眼睛直挺挺地盯着墙壁。(状语表示方式),意群提示,Thegirlsattherequitesilentwithhereyesfixingonthewall.,(withourfoodrunningout/walktoavillage),典型例句,由于我们的食物即将吃完，我们不得不步行到一个村子寻求帮助。(状语表示原因),意群提示,Withourfoodrunningout,wehadtowalktoavillageforhelp.,(withsummercoming),典型例句,随着夏季来临，天气正变得越来越热。(状语表示时间),意群提示,Withsummercoming,itisbecominghotterandhotter.,由于年轻人正按照一种不同的模式生活，最近的趋势出现了根本性的变化。,原句译文,逆译练习,Recenttrendsshowradicalchangesasyoungpeoplearefollowingadifferentagenda.(Para.4,L3-4),句型提炼,Recenttrends/tendencies/fashionsshow,句型提炼,应用提示,用于描述“近来的一种态势”。,句型应用,(recent.show/bodybenefits/indefatigable),典型例句,最近的趋势表明，可以通过放松的的锻炼方式使身体受益。,意群提示,Recenttendencyshowsthatitispossiblethatbodybenefitsfromexercisesthroughanrelaxingway.,别的不说，这对择偶产生了不言而喻的影响。,原句译文,逆译练习,Apartfromanythingelse,thishashadanimpliciteffectoncourtship.(Para.9,L1),句型提炼,Apartfromanythingelse,sth.hasaneffecton,句型提炼,应用提示,用于强调“某种因素的影响”。,句型应用,(apartfromanythingelse/rumors/negativeeffect),典型例句,撇开别的不说，仅仅这些谣言对他的形象已经产生了负面的影响。,意群提示,Apartfromanythingelse,theserumorsalonehavehadnegativeeffectonhisimage.,Youngpeopleshouldusemoretimetocommunicatewithfamily,friends,andotherlovedones,spendlesstimeontheInternet,games,anddophysicalexercisetoimprovethefitnesslevelincaseofsomeapproachingdifficulties.Otherwise,theyshouldparticipateinmeaningfulactivitiestofillupallthedays.,Howcanyoungpeoplecopewiththisdifficulttimeperiodtheodysseyyears?,2.Whatmightbethemostsignificantpersonaleffectthatiscausedbythedelayintransitiontoadulthood?,DelayedmarriageandcareerMorecompetitionLossofgoodopportunitiesMoreself-awarenessFurtherexplorationofcareerEstablishmentofstablefinancialstatus,Throughalotofchanges,youngpeoplebecomemoreflexiblethanolderpeopleSocialchangesaresoradicalthatitishardforeveryonetofitinthepatternRadicalsocialchangeswilleventuallyshapesocietyintoamoremodernone,3.Howdoyouevaluatetheradicalsocialchangesresultingfromthisnewlyaddedphase?,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“WhatIdoisallforyou”and“Putyourselffarenoughawaytogiveyourchildmuchroombutcloseenoughtohelphimorherifasked”?,Chineseandwesterneducationdifferwidelyinafirstembodimentoffamilyeducation.Chineseparentstendtoeducatetheirchildreninadirective,commandtype.Theyplanforall,maketheirareaofcontrol,andpayfewattentiontochildrensindependentability.,However,thewesternfamilyeducationisquitedifferent,parentstendtoputtheirchildreninequalstatus.Thisgivesthechildenoughspace.Parentspayattentiontochildrensawarenessandabilitiestostandontheirown.,Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“WhatIdoisallforyou”and“Putyourselffarenoughawaytogiveyourchildmuchroombutcloseenoughtohelphimorherifasked”?,VideoWatching,Criticalthinking,Q2:TakingintoconsiderationofOdysseyyears,whatmessagecanyougetfromthisTVprogram?,Tips,Tips,Back,Criticalthinking,Q1:HowmuchdoyouknowaboutthisAmericanfamilysitcom“GrowingPains”?,Criticalthinking,ThisABCfamilysitcomrevolvedaroundtheSeaverfamily,wholivedonLongIslandinNewYork.DrSeaver,apsychologistandhiswifeMaggieSeaver,ajournalist,trytodotheirbestraisingtheirfamilyandalthoughtheirkids,Mike,Ben,CarolandCrissie,causethemendlessproblems,theymanagetokeepthefamilyclosetogether.Aslongastheygoteachother,nothingelsematters.,Itisnotregardedasacomedyovertherebutalifelessonandasociologycourse.Nowadays,ItshardenoughtoraisekidsofOdysseyyears,butwhenyouhavetocopewiththekids,thingstendtogetoutofhand,becauseyoungpeoplearewanderingandgoingthroughlife,exploringanddiscoveringthemselves.Theyfallinandoutoflove;theytryonecareerandthentryanother.,Q2:TakingintoconsiderationofOdysseyyears,whatmessagecanyougetfromthisTVprogram?,tobecontinued,Theirparentsgrowincreasinglyanxious,fortheyseetheirgrownchildrenstransitionphasebetweenstudentlifeandadultlifestretchingfiveyears,sevenandbeyond;theyseetheirchildrendelayingmarriage,havingchildrenandpermanentemployment.Tosolvealltheseproblems,boththeparentsandchildrenshouldreflectonthemselvesandcommunicatewitheachother.,Q2:TakingintoconsiderationofOdysseyyears,whatmessagecanyougetfromthisTVprogram?,Focusonacomparison/contrastessayTocomparemeanstoshowthesimilaritiesandtocontrastmeanstoshowthedifferences.Ineverydaylife,youcompareandcontrastwhenyoubuyacarorchooseanapartment.Youcanalsocomparetwoteachers,twojobs,ortwowaystospendaweekend.Therearesomeimportantpointstorememberwhenyouwriteacomparison/contrastessay:,tobecontinued,Theitemsbeingcomparedorcontrastedmustbefromthesamecategory.Inotherwords,theyshouldbecomparable.Itisbettertomentionthepointsyouwouldliketocompareorcontrastinthethesisstatementsoastoletreadersknowaboutthemainideainyouressayrightaway.,tobecontinued,Therearetwobasicpatternstoorganizethedetailsofyouressay:point-by-pointandsubject-by-subject.Here,pointreferstotheaspectsyouwouldliketousetodevelopyouressay,andsubjectreferstothetwoitemsorpeopleyouwanttocompareorcontrast.Inthisunit,youwilllearnhowtousethepoint-by-pointpattern.Forinstance,ifyoucomparetwogenerations,youmayorganizethedetailsasfollows:,tobecontinued,tobecontinued,Pointbypoint,1WayofthinkingAYoungergenerationBOldergeneration,2AttitudetochangesAYoungergenerationBOldgeneration,3Hobbiestherefore,theyhavemademoreprogressatschoolandatwork.Incontrast,theirparentsusuallyfindithardtorememberhowtousecomputersorsurfonline.Theyoftengetfrustratedwhentheyhavetoworkonacomputerandfindithardtoadapttothenewtechnology.,tobecontinued,Sample:Toconclude,althougheverygenerationhasitsownuniquenessandabilitiestolivetheirlives,youngpeopleusuallyliveinamoreactiveandflexiblewaythantheirparents(Concludingsentence).,Writingpractice,Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasanoutlineyoucanfollow.,Topic:GenerationgapbetweenparentsandchildrenIntroduction:Thesisstatement:Thedifferencesbetweenparentsandchildrencanbewellobservedintheircompletelydifferentattitudesandviews.Body:Point1:differentintheirattitudetowardlifePoint2:differentinthewaytolookatthingsConclusion:Itsverydifficultforparentsandtheiryoungsterstogetalongduetotheirdistinctattitudestowardlifeandthewaytoviewthings.,Moretopics:YoungpeoplenowandthenHighschoolvs.college,Suppose,asayoungpersonatOdysseyYears,youareexpectedtogiveaspeechtoyourclassmatesonchild-parentrelationships.,Makeaspeechonthefollowingtopic.,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,PartI.OpeningpartofthespeechYoumayincludethefollowingpoints:1.Teenagerisatthesensibleage;2.Theperformanceoftheteenagers;3.Therelationbetweentheteenagersandtheirparents,Tobecontinued,PartII.Yourunderstandingoftheteenagers1.Theteenagerswanttochaseforfreedom,andtheyhaveanaversionfortheirparentsalldecisionaboutthem;2.Intheirparentsopinion,theteenagersarechildrenforever,andtheyarenotmaturetosolveanyproblems.PartIII.ConclusionGiveyourwaytofindthesolutionabouttheargument.,Youcanfollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.,Tobecontinued,Youmayadoptthefollowingexpressions.,atthesensibleage;ontheonehand,ontheotherhand;goagainst;haveargumentwith;dealwith;chaseforfreedom;attheageofpursing;makeonesowndecision;,Youmayadoptthefollowingexpressions.,treatas;theonlywaytosolve;beconsciousthat;nomore;haveagoodtalkwith;findabetterwaytosolveargument;thebetterunderstandingbetween,Translateaparagraphbasedonasummaryofthetextbyusingtheexpressionsfromthetext.,Paragraphtranslation,青少年处于一个敏感的年纪，一方面，他们还不够成熟，另一方面，他们很反叛，不听父母的话，和父母作对。所以青少年总是和父母争吵，这很受伤，父母不得不处理这样的情况。,atthesensibleage,haveargumentwith,ontheotherhand,goagainst