2013职称英语理工B类阅读理解小抄

1. Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles1)What have the Ford motor company, General Motors and Honda done concerning electric cars? -They have given up producing electric cars.2)According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe, battery-powered cars?-Will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future. 3)Which auto manufactures are still producing electric vehicles?-Toyota and Nissan.4)According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid cars-run more miles than petrol driven cars.5)Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph?-The legislation will allow more low-emission to produced. 2. World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word sparked appearing in paragraph 2?-stimulated2)The term a bell shaped curve appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production will-start to decline after global oil production peaks.3） Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?-It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4）What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?-It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014.5）Who develop the new version of the Hubbert mode!?-Kuwaiti scientists.3. Citizen Scientists1) Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them-to collect data of the life cycle of living things.2) What are citizen scientists asked to do?-To send their research observations to a professional database.3) In All thats needed to become one . (paragraph2), what does the word one stands for?-a citizen scientist.4) What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?-Only experts can participate in it.5) What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?-To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.4. Motoring Technology1)What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate?- They focus their research on safety and new fuels.2)According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen-because drivers make mistakes.3)Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?-Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.4)What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications?-To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.5)What is true of robotic drivers?-It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use.5. Late-night Drinking1) The author mentions pick-me-up to indicate that -coffee is a stimulant. 2) Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? -Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. 3)What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? -Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. 4) What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? -Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 5) The author of this passage probably agrees that. - we should not drink coffee after supper. 6. Making Light of Sleep1) The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because-it has a cycle of 24 hours.2) What is implied in the second paragraph?-Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.3) In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that-staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers ability to think and learn.4) Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?-Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.5) According to the last two paragraphs， what did the previous researchers think about the human eyes light-sensing system?-The human eye had one light-sensing system.7Sugar Power for Cell Phones1) According to the first paragraph, when can we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones?-When the technology of a new type of fuel cell is suitable for mass production.2) What trouble did Minteer and Klotz Bach have in their research?- They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active.3) According to Paragraph 5, electrons are released-When the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket.4)What is exciting about the new fuel cells?- Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.5)According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells?-It will take some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.8. Eiffel Is an Eyeful1) Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world of the move? -Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower. 2) What seems strange to the author? -Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view. 3) Which statements is NOT true of Hugues Richard? -He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds. 4) What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for? -Conducting research in various fields. 5) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to (The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will?-Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents. 9.Egypt Felled by Famine1)Why does the author mention pyramid builders?-Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization. 2)Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilization of ancient Egypt? -Change of climate.3. Which of the following statements is true? -The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile. 4.According to Krom, Egypts Old Kingdom fell -immediately after a period of drought.5.The word devastating in the last paragraph could be best replaced by-damaging. 10. Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers1) Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at fishing for termites?-Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier.2) What are the tools with which chimps fish for termites.-Vegetation.3)Which of the following is true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6?-Females could get out more termites with every dip.4)How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more time on playing?-It will make them good fighters and hunters in the future.5)According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?- Adult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites.11. When our Eyes Serve our Stomach1)What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find?-Hungrypeople are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.2) Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?.-Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees,hungry and non-hungry.3)What does the writer want to tell us?-Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.4)What did the results of the experiment indicate?-80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.5)What can we infer from the passage?-Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.12. Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass1)Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs? -The temperature in the United States except the South dropped below the freezing mark. 2)According to the second paragraph, in which area (s) did the temperature fall below zero? -Parts of interior South Florida. 3)Kings statement that We brought shorts, T-shirt, and I had to go out and buy another coat, shows that -He was caught by the sudden cold. 4)Governor Jeb issue the emergency order because he -Wanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possible. 5)Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph? -Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers. 13Invisibility Ring1)Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientists-Try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses.2)What is true of microwaves?-Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.3)What is NOT true of the invisibility device?-Microwaves bounce off it when they strike it.4)What does the word coaster mean in the passage?-A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.5)Harry Potters invisibility cloak doesnt have any real competition yet, because-The cloaking device works only for microwaves.14Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers1)Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept car?- It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.2) What has Volvo devel6pedq-A breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt.3) What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4?- It monitors the drivers eyes to see if he needs a rest.4) According to Doi,-Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.5) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?-The ear will automatically keep to its lane. 15. Winged Robot Learns to Fly1)Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph?-The two professors of CUT programmed the data on how the robot flapped its wings.2)How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test?- It twitched but gradually gained height.3)Which of the following is nearest to Peter Bentleys view on the winged robot?-The winged robot could never really fly.4)What measured how much lift the robot produced?- A movement detector.5)What does the process appearing in the last paragraph refer to?-All the above.16. Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth1)According to the passage. Mount Unzen - erupted in 1991. 2)According to the passage, the study of the Mount Unzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPT - predicting volcano eruptions. 3)Why is this research project so important to Japan? -Because Japan has many living volcanoes. 4)The drilling site on Mount Unzen is -about half way up the mountain. 5)The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that they -drill a hole into the core of a volcano.17A Sunshade for the Planet1)According to the first two paragraphs, the author thinks that-despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.2)Scientists resist talking about their options because they dont want people to-think the problem has been solved.3)What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone?- Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict.4)What is Stephen Schneiders idea of preventing global warming?-To apply sunscreen to the Earth.5)What is NOT true of the effectiveness of sunscreen, according to the last paragraph?-It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.18Thirst for Oil1)we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Why does the author say so?- Oil supply is decreasing.2)Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph?-Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil.3)Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?- The United States.4)What do experts say about the earths fuel reserves?-There will soon be an energy crisis,5)What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last paragraph?-The sea level will go up.19. Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? -Shimi is the creator of the musical companion. 2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? -It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with alat beat. 3. Which of the following about Shimi is true? -Shimi can be creative and interactive. 4. What does the author want to tell us? -The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi. 5. Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion?-human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes. 20Explorer of the Extreme Deep1)What is Alvin?-A submersible. 2)Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?-It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.3). a world that is still full of mysteries refers to-The ocean.4)In what aspects are the new HOV and :Alvin similar?- Shape.5)In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?-Both A and B.21.Plant Gas 1)What was scientists understanding of methane?- It was produced in oxygen-free environments.2)To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists created-An environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.3)Which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants in the experiment!-The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.4)which of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage?-Microbes in plants produce methane.5)What is the beneficial point of some microbes consuming plant-produced methane?- Less methane reaches the atmosphere.22. Snowflakes1)What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true? -No two snowflakes are exactly the same in shape. 2)What do the simplest snow crystals look like? -They are six-sided. 3)What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate of a snow crystal? -Humidity and temperature. 4)It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the author -Admires the beauty of the snowflakes. 5)Libbrecht is not able to -Create snowflakes that are exactly alike. 23. Powering a City? Its a Breeze1)What are the symbols of Netherlands according to the first paragraph? -Wooden shoes and wooden windmills. 2)Which statement is best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph? -It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people. 3)The smallest models of an urban turbine -can be carried up to the rooftop without a crane. 4)Netherlands leads in the urban turbine technology because -The Netherlands is a small country with a large population. 5)According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology? - It can be installed in ones backyard. 24. Underground Coal Fires - a Looming Catastrophe1) According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that -poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources. 2)According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear?-Coal heats up on its own and catches fire and burns. 3)What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology? -Coal fires can have an impact on the environment. 4)Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is NOT true? -He has detected and monitored underground fires in Netherlands. 5)According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires? -Cutting off the oxygen supply. 25. Eat to Live1)According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? -We have to begin dieting from childhood. 2)Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?-To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice. 3)What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage? -They are more likely to suffer from inflammation. 4)According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers? -The mice that started dieting in old age. 5) According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that -Dieting is not a go0d method to give us health and a long life. 26Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently1) What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about? -Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes. 2)Which of the statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph? -Only mature pilots are studied to determine the gender differences in the reasons for aircraft crash. 3) How did the researchers carry out their study? -They studied the findings of several previous research projects.4) What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots? - Loss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling.5) In the comparison of female and male pilots. -male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making.27Driven to Distraction1) Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs? -Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman. 2) What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs? -All of the above. 3) What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph? -In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else. 4) The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers. -Want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system. 5) What kind of directions do men and women prefer? -Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route direction. 28.Sleep Lets Brain File Memories1)Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence To sleep. Perchance to file? -Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?2)What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University? - Somatose