英美国情-判断题-美国部分

英美国情 判断题 美国部分Unit3 America Beginning1. The question “What is an American?” was first asked by J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur. T2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1942. T3. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F Virginia4. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from the Roman Catholic Church. F 不是建立，而是founded5. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. T （基督教）贵格派教徒6. The theory of politics of the American Resolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century. F English7. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe. T8. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founding fathers of the United States of America. F John Adams OR Thomas JeffersonUnit 4 The Political System in the United States1. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unified nation as it is today. F was not2. The agreement that set this plan of cooperation among different states after the War of American Independence was called the Constitution of the United States. F the Articles of Confederation 联邦条款3. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. T 联邦制4. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. T 国会5. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term. F two terms6. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 众议院 F the Senate 参议院7. The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. T 人权法案8. The idea of checks and balances as a way of restricting governmental power and preventing its abuse was first provided in the Federalist Paper. T制约与平衡9. Today, the United State has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by the people in the states of the North and West. T 民主党，共和党10. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote to be a candidate for public office. F 公职 do not have to Unit 5 American Economy1. Alexander Hamilton was the third president of the United Stated. F Thomas Jefferson2. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill. T3. Many people objected to the idea of the corporation because it is less personal than sole proprietorship and partnership. T 所有（权），独资企业；合伙关系4. The United States economy suffered from the two World Wars in the 20th century. F not 5. Many people believe that the economic freedom of capitalism is crucial to Americans economic success. T 决定性的，重要的6. When people buy stocks, they become part owner of the company. T7. The stockholders make profits even when the company loses money. F8. One reason for Americas affluence is that a lot of people have inherited wealth from their parents, F 富裕9. Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to Americas affluence. T 家庭的，国家的10. Many American leaders have extolled the virtues of farmers. T 赞扬Unit 6 Religion in the United States1. During the War of Independence and many years after that the Americans were mostly concerned about religious freedom. F It was politics and not religion that most occupied Americans minds during the War of Independence and for years afterward.2. According to the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported region. F 联邦政府不得给予任何宗教以特殊优惠。3. Those citizens whose religion forbids them to fight in wars can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers. T4. The Baptists are the largest Protestant group in the US with 25 million members. T 浸礼会教徒5. There are more than 100 Protestant sects in the United States today. T 派别6. There are more Catholic than Protestant in the US. F7. John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the US president. T8. Today many Jewish people dont think of themselves as ethnically Jewish any more and have adopted a secular, non-religious outlook. F 犹太教人9. When a Supreme Court decision made abortion legal in America, many Catholics, evangelical Protestants and Orthodox Jew objected. T10. In America, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance. FUnit 7 American Literature1. American literature is mainly about the seeking the American people for success and happiness. T2. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fennimore Cooper. F Washington Irving3. The Leather-Stocking Tales consist of five novels depicting the American West. T 皮袜子故事集4. Before Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. T5. Among the more than 1500 poems Emily Dickinson wrote, she seldom touched upon the subject of death. F She was also more than a little in love with death.6. Henry James wrote several novels about European living in American. F Americans living in Europe7. Both Sherwood Anderson and Sinclair Lewis depicted life in the small Midwestern towns, and their books were called “revolt form the village.” T8. After publishing her novel The Awakening, Kate Chopin continued to write and established herself as a major American writer. F Kate Chopins The Awakening ;Cather went on to write several novels and establish herself as a major American writer9. In the 1920s Harlem in New York City became the center of black culture. T10. Tennessee Williams plays often portrayed the common man pressured by society, and his best play was Death of a Salesman. F Arthur MillerUnit 8 Education in the United States1. Critics of the affirmative 肯定的action programs are of the opinion that this results in reverse discrimination. 逆向歧视T2. The Servicemens Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Right, gave veterans 退役军人 priority重点，优先 in finding better jobs. F3. American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions. F4. One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. T5. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive. F 令人满意的6. It takes at least four years to get a bachelors degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. T7. Segregating blacks into separate school was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954. T8. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. F religious ministersUnit 9 Social Movements of the 1960s1. The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the first of several social movements during that decade. F The quiet “sit-in” by black students in Greensboro2. “We shall overcome” is a very famous anti-war song during the 1960s. F the civil rights movement/to fight racial prejudice3. In the 1960s, three groupsAfro-Americans, Asian Americans and womenwere dissatisfied with their lives. F the young people4. During WW II, many American Negroes had a taste of life by moving to and working to the North. T 黑人5. When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct action tactics like “sit-ins” and boycotts were the chief vehicle for social protest. T6. A social movement is possible only when there are organizations, and spontaneous actions. T 自发的7. Malcolm X became known throughout the Sixties because of his leadership role in the civil rights movement. F 8. A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when one-quarter million blacks and whites stood together to hear President John F. Kennedys famous “ I have a Dream” speech. F Martin Luther King, Jr9. In 1966, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense was organized on Oakland, whose major work was to enforce civil rights law. T10. The arrest of a CORE organizer at the campus of University of California at Berkeley touched off the Free Speech Movement which catapulted Mario Savio to the status of a student hero. T11. Betty Friedans book The Feminine Mystique (1963) stirred highly charged responses from thousands women who reported from its first year of publication to this day that it changed their lives. TUnit 10 Social Problems in the United States1. The United States was found on the principle of human quality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal. F2. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans, who account for 11.7% of the population. F3. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed The Emancipation Proclamation which together with the 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865 legally abolished the slavery. T4. The problem of poverty does not exist in the United States because the overall distribution of wealth and income is equal. F5. Drug abuse in the United States has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation. T6. President Richard Nixons administration was topped because of the Watergate Affair, with many administrative officials later facing criminal charges and some being imprisoned, T7. The CIA, which is a branch of the United States Federal government is in charge of investigating violations of certain federal laws inside the United States. F8. Corruption in the United States takes form of fraud, false advertising, corporate price fixing, bribery, embezzlement, and tax evasion. T9. Statistics usually overlook white-collar crimes because they are affected by police reporting practices and that many crimes are unreported. T10. The president of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon were marked by a well-founded public belief that their administrations were deliberately and systematically lying to the people. TUnit 11 Technology in America1. Eli Whitney was noted for inventing the cotton gin and developing the system of mass production of weapons with interchangeable parts. T2. John H. Hall invented sewing machines, typewriters and bicycles. F 他的大量生产方式在这些方面应用，而不是发明3. Before the construction of the railroads, the barge and canal system was the main means of transportation in the Amercian Northeast, T4. The significant role of the Stevens family in the history of transportation in early nineteenth century America is underestimated. T5. The quality and endurance of railroad tracks was the fundamental constraint on the size and speed of trains. T6. Samuel F. B Morse was the inventor of the telephone. F7. The first computers were enormous in size and consumed great quantities of electricity. T8. Radio was a place where lots of advertisements were placed for products to feed a growing consumerism in America merging after World War I. T9. The original idea was to connect computers was for educational and commercial uses. F 目的是协助大炮预计发射炮弹的轨迹，并用以破译敌人的信息10. What motivated most scientist and engineers in America to develop an atomic bomb in the first place was to prevent Japan from using such a device. FUnit 12 Post-WW II Foreign Policy1. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism and inter-ventionism since World War II. F internationalism2. Pax Americana美国和平 indicates American policy to create a world order dominated by the United States. T3. The founding of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955 split the world into two military blocs. And the Cold War began. T4. The United States had its first test of the hydrogen bomb in 1953 after the Soviet Union had its such test in 1952. F5. Sputinks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T6. When Ronald Reagan became president in 1982, he wanted to beat the Soviet Union in the space technology race and so he initiated the Star Wars project. T7. In 1948 President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine, which is generally regarded the formal declaration of the implementation of the US containment foreign policy. T 杜鲁门主义，被公认是实行遏止政策的正是宣言。8. After the Korean War, the United States made necessary adjustments and adopted a strategy of contraction收紧. F9. At the end of the Second World War II, a concrete wall, separating East and West Berlin, was built which became the symbol of the Cold War. F10. The Clinton Administration made international peace, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of American foreign policy. F11. After the Sept.11 terrorist attack, anti-terrorism became a priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all over the whorl. T12. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign strategy has two prominent elements: isolationism faith in military strength. FUnit 13 Sports and Scenic Spots in American1. Super Bowl冠军杯赛 will decide the champion baseball team of the year in the United States. F football2. Spectators of American professional sports competitions are interested in eating and entertainment as much as in the game itself. T3. Viewers go to stadiums to watch the matches because they can have a clearer view of what is happening. F4. A football team scores 3 points for a touchdown. F six points5. The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun本垒打. T6. John Steinbecks stories were set in the New England area of the United States. F7. Stanford Univer