幼儿英语教学之语音篇

Emily,幼儿英语教学之语音篇pronunciation,语音的基本范畴,语音是组成语言最基本的要素之一，也是学好一门语言的关键，对于儿童英语学习而言，语音则是培养其儿童听、说、读写能力的基础。,语音对于幼儿语言学习的影响,心理语言学家证明，与成人相比儿童音域宽、语音的可塑性大，负迁移小，易形成地道的语音、语调。所以教师应从语音入手，抓好语音基础教学。,美国英语里见r要发卷舌音，英国英语里没有卷舌音；bird/door/car美国英语用的是口腔“后部发声方法”，英国英语用的是口腔“深后部发声方法”；美国英语速度慢，语调爱用平拖腔，就像汉语里的一声，英国英语愿意用降调，就像汉语里的四声；美国英语因发音外露而音形对应规律明显，英国英语因发音内含而音形对应规律被隐藏。,浅析英音之于美音,vs,语音教学对于幼儿教学的重要性,（一）模仿是儿童学习语音的先天优势（二）语音对儿童阅读能力的影响（三）语音影响儿童与他人沟通能力,（一）模仿是儿童学习语音的先天优势,学习语音的主要手段是模仿,这种模仿是从听觉定向活动开始的,经过在脑分析器的作用,然后由心理运动器官的操练而完成的。儿童学习有着天生的模仿力，儿童可模仿各种声音，因为他们的发音器官非常有弹性，可顺应不同的语音系统雕塑形状。因此儿童学习第二语言，较成人更加容易获得纯正、地道的第二语言发音。所以在儿童时期学习英语语言打好语音基础很有必要。,（二）语音对儿童阅读能力的影响,语音意识是影响英语阅读能力的关键因素。在国外的许多研究中,都发现语音意识在儿童阅读能力发展中的重要地位。其中较为著名的有Bradley和Brayant所进行的一项为期3年的追踪研究。结果发现:阅读困难儿童在反映语言发展水平的语音意识测验中得分显著低于正常儿童,语音意识与儿童的阅读能力间存在着因果关系。因此在幼儿园、小学阶段建立良好的语音基础非常有必要。,（三）语音影响儿童与他人沟通能力,创造一个自由、宽松的语言交往环境，支持、鼓励、吸引学生与教师、同伴或其他人交谈，体验语言交流的乐趣。只有发准了音，学生才能正确地表达自己的意愿和要求。语音不好的学生不但与他人交流存在困难，同时也影响幼儿身心各方面健康的发展。因此，提高儿童运用语言的能力，学好语音是关键。,26个英文字母的正音,AaeiBbbi:Ccsi:Dddi:Eei:FfefGgi:HheiIiaiJjeiKkkeiLlelMmemNnenOoPppi:Qqkju:Rr:SsesTtti:Uuju:Vvvi:Wwdblju:XxeksYywaiZzzi:/zed,26个字母的书写,字母操的教学,Aa-appleBb-birdCc-catDd-dogEe-elephantFf-fishGg-girlHh-houseIi-itJj-jeepKk-kiteLl-lionMm-mouseNn-noseOo-oxPp-pigQq-queenRr-rabbitSs-snakeTt-tigerUu-umbrellaVv-violinWw-windXx-boxYyyo-yoZz-zoo,20以内数字的正音,1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten11eleven12twelve13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen19nineteen20twenty,国际音标,英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音元音12个单元音长元音i:O:u:a:短元音ieoue8个双元音:aieiOiieCeueuau辅音10对清辅音ptkfsTStStrts浊辅音bdgvzDZdZdrdz3个鼻音mn3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wj,巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。,基本单词的正音,threethankmonththistheweatherzoozebrazipperdogdolljobninenecknetgoodlookfootfoodmoonstoolsongseesithappycloudythirstyteacherchairchildrenlownosetoefishEnglishsheepcatbagsadletterbegsetkitemywritehorsedoorsmallcalldownhouseaboutrabbitrulerredtreetrytrousersspeaksportspringstudentstudystoneschoolskirtskystreetstreamstraightdrydrawdrinktelevisionpleasurevisionjuicejellysandwich,教师课堂用语,GREETINGSROLLCALLCLASSROOMRULESGAMESPRAISE&ENCOURAGEMENTDISCIPLINE&CONTROLCOMMANDS&INSTRUCTIONSBEGINNING&ENDINGTHECLASS,GREETINGS,1.Hello/Hi!2.Howareyoufeelingtoday?3.Goodmorning./Goodafternoon./Goodevening.4.Howareyou?Fine,thankyou.5.Nicetoseeyou(again)!/Nicetomeetyou./Gladtoseeyou!6.Howareyoudoingtoday?Fine./Good./Notbad/Soso.7.Seeyounexttime.8.Seeyou(later/tomorrow).9.Goodbye/Byebye.,ROLLCALL,1.Iseveryonehere?Yes/No.2.Whoisnothere?3.Whenteachercallsyourname,pleasestandupandsay“Imhere.”4.Doyourememberyourname?5.Isxxxhere?6.Whoisnothere?XXXisnothere.7.Whyareyoulate?8.Whatsthematter?,CLASSROOMRULES,1.NoChinese!2.Obeytherules!3.Notalking!4.Speakloudly!5.Doactions!,GAMES,Letsplayagame.Areyouready?One,two,three,go!Whoisthefirstone?Imthefirstone.Whoisthewinner?Wearewinners!Whowantstotry?Itsyourturn.Pleasefollowme.Iwilldivideyouintotwoteams.YouaretheAppleteam,andyouaretheBananateam.Really?Areyousure?Yes,Imsure.WhenIsayyourname,pleasestandup.Letscount.“one,two,three”Louder,please.Letsformaline.Letsmakeacircle.Betterlucknexttime.Dontfeelbad.Youwillwinnexttime.Quickly!Comeon!,GAMES,Letsjump/run/hop/walk/handinhand.Clapyourhands.Stampyourfeet.Raiseyourhands.Waveyourarms.ShowmeyourSquatdown.Stretchyourlegs/arms.Nodyourhead./Shakeyourhead.Closeyoureyes./Openyoureyes.Readafterme,please.OpenyourbooksandturntopageX.Alltogetherplease.Letschant!Canyoureadit?Letssingasong.Yesorno?Doyoulikeit?Letslistentothemusic.Comehere.Gothere.Standup./Sitdown.Turnaround.Handsup./Handsdown.Putupyourhands./Putdownyourhands.Pickupthecards.Pointtothecards.,PRAISE&ENCOURAGEMENT,1.Good/Verygood!2.Haveatry,OK?3.Welldone!4.Bravo!5.Excellent!6.Youdidgoodjob.7.Wonderful!8.Soundsgood.9.Great!(Youaregreat!)10.Perfect!11.Goodidea.12.Youaresoclever.13.Ibelieveyoucananswerit.14.Tryitagain.15.Takeiteasy.16.Youareright.17.Youcandoit.18.Ilikeitverymuch.19.Youareasmartboy/girl.,DISCIPLINE&CONTROL,1.Bequiet.2.Gobacktoyourseat.3.Listencarefully.4.Sitstraight!5.Payattention.6.Lookatme!7.Pleasestoptalking.8.Dontpushothers.9Youaretoonoisy,pleasestop.10.Pleasedontmakenoise.11.Mary,Mary,Letmetry!(Maryisteachersname.),COMMANDS&INSTRUCTIONS,1.Open/closeyourbook.2.Lookattheboard.3.Putyourbookaside.4.Alltogethernow.5.Raiseyourhand.6.Onemoretime/onceagain!7.Repeatafterme.8.Lookhere!,BEGINNING&ENDINGTHECLASS,1.Timeforclass.2.Timesup.3.Letsbegin/start.4.Classisover.5.Thatsallfortoday.6.Letstakeabreak.7.Letsstart.8.Shallwebegin?Yes,letsbegin.9.Whatdoyouwanttoknowtoday?9.Pleaselookatme.10.Breaktime.11.Somuchfortoday.12.Letssing“goodbye”songtogether,语调,通过培训受训教师的发音语调标准正确；能够熟练运用各种语气营造和烘托课堂气氛。,常见基本句型语调要求：,1.陈述句为降调：常见句型2.一般疑问句为升调：Isit?Doyoulike?Canyou?Haveyougota?Areyou.?3