英语：Module 3 Unit1 Grammar

高中英语牛津版第三模块,Unit1Theworldofoursenses,Grammarandusage,名词性从句,Hisjobisimportant.,Whathedoesisimportant.,主语,Thisishisjob.,Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.,表语,Idontlikehisjob.,Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.,宾语,Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.,Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.,同位语,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,主语从句,ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.Whetherhellbeabletocomeisnotyetknown.Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar.Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafely.,还可以用it做形式主语,Whetherhellbeabletocome,Whytheyhavenotleftyet,Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafely.,Shebelievedthathehadnottoldherthetruth.Iwonderif/whetherthatsagoodidea.Iminterestedinwhothattallmanis.Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.,宾语从句,Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome.TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd.,表语从句,Shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatched.Thenewsthathecouldntcomemadeusupset.WhatevergaveyoutheideathatIcansing.,同位语从句,TrytofindthenounclausesintheReadingsectiononpage2andtellthefunctions.,Atlunch,theradioforecastthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.,objectclause,2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.,3.Thetruthisthatitistoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.,4.Shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.,objectclause,predicativeclause,appositionclause,Textbookpage9.Textbookpage92C1,Practice,名词性从句的连接词,连接词：that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why.,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序,(1).名词性从句构成有两种,a.That+陈述句,b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.,(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(),F,T,你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(),T,F,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）that和what的选用,that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,that/what,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.,What,That,that,what,5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,what,what,that,what,if和whether的选用,不能使用if的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句,f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.g.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,if/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.,if/whether,Whether,主语从句,3.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.,whether,whether/if,whether,介词后的宾语从句,whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,6.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idontknow_togo.,whether,whether,whether,表语从句,同位语从句,whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.,Textbookpage11A&B.Textbookpage92C2,Practice,其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.,When,who,我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.,what,where,在以下名词性从句当中不可省略：主语从句，同位语从句。,三、关于引导词that的省略情况,关于that引导的主语从句,特点：无意义，不作任何句中成分，只起连接作用，不可以省略！Thatheisstillaliveisunbelievable.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.,有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，或者是为了强调，常用it来做形式主语，把that引导的主语从句放到后面。Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.Itsapitythatwecantgo.,特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句子成分，只是起连接作用，且常常省略。Ithink(that)Englishiseasytolearn.Yousaid(that)youlikeyourmotherverymuch.,关于that引导的宾语从句,在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用it作形式宾语，把that引导的宾语从句放在后面。WhowillseetoitthateverythingwillbereadybeforeMr.Presidentcomes?,特殊情况,that在以下情况不省略：1.Make,find,feel,consider等这些词的后面用it作形式宾语时，that不省略。IfinditnecessarythatweshouldstudyEnglish.2.及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第二个that不可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewouldgotherethenextdayandthathisfamilywouldntgothere.,3.与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般不省略that.Theteachertellsusveryoftenthatweshouldstudyhard.4.that引导的宾语从句放在句首时，为了表示强调，that不可以省略。ThathehasdonesuchathingIcantbelieve.,that引导表语从句，用来表示某一事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要求和希望等,在非正式英语中，that可以省略，但是一般不省略。Theproblemisthatherparentscouldntacceptme.,关于that引导的表语从句,如果句子的主语是suggestion,order,advice等名词时，后面that引导的表语从句用“(should)+动词原形”。His