学术英语理工lecture13

ShouldNuclearRadiationFoundinDomesticMilkComeasaSurprise?核辐射应该发现在国内牛奶感到惊讶吗?ImsimplyflooredthatofficialsaredownplayingnuclearradiationlevelsintheUnitedStatesasaresultoftheFukushimadisaster!Neithershoulditcomeasasurprisethatradiationisbeingfoundinourmilkandfoodsupply,albeitinsmallerconcentrationsthanthoseinJapan.我只是垫底,官员淡化核辐射水平在美国由于福岛灾难!也不应该感到惊讶,辐射被发现在我们的牛奶和食品供应,但在较小的浓度比在日本。Thenagain,officialstendtodownplayeverything,soasnottomakethemassespanicaswerebeingadverselyaffectedfromallsortsofthingslikefluoridationofU.S.water,chemicalpesticides,unnecessaryforcedvaccination,hormoneuseandsyntheticfeedingofourlivestockandpoultry,andgeneticmodificationofourproduce.No,nothingissacred!Andthenwereperplexedbyincreasesindiseases,obesityanderraticbehavioramongourmalnutritionedpopulace.话又说回来,官员往往会淡化一切,为了不让群众恐慌当我们从各种各样的不利影响诸如美国水的氟化反应,化学杀虫剂,不必要的强制接种疫苗,使用和合成激素喂养我们的牲畜和家禽,和转基因农产品。不,没有什么是神圣的!然后我们困惑,增加疾病,肥胖和不稳定的行为在我们malnutritioned民众。Letofficialsbeoblivious,therestofussawitcoming“radiationfarbelowlevelsthatposearisktohumanswasfoundinmilkfromCaliforniaandWashington,thefirstsignsJapansnuclearaccidentisaffectingU.S.food,stateandfederalofficialssaid,”perBloombergsKimChipmanandStephanieArmour.让官员无视,我们把它写出来,”辐射的远低于水平对人类构成威胁的牛奶中发现了加利福尼亚和华盛顿的第一个迹象表明日本核事故是影响美国食品,州和联邦官员说,“每彭博的金Chipman和斯蒂芬妮盔甲。Ifthereisntsuchaproblemandradiationis“farbelowlevelsofpublichealthconcern,”whyaretheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandFoodandDrugAdministrationincreasingourmonitoringofradiationinmilk,rainanddrinkingwater?和辐射如果没有这样的一个问题是“远低于水平集会的健康问题,”为什么环境保护局和食品和药物Administrationincreasing我们监测辐射的牛奶、雨水和饮用水吗?Weretoldbytheagenciesthatradioactiveiodine-131wasfoundinaMarch25milksamplefromSpokane,Washingtonthatismorethan5,000timeslowerthanrisklevelssetbytheFDA.告诉我们机构的放射性碘- 131的3月25日牛奶样品中发现了斯波坎,华盛顿5000倍低于FDA设定的风险水平。Nottobeoutdone,Iodine-131wasthenfoundinaMarch28milksampleinCalifornia,perthestateDepartmentofPublicHealthandthereadingisalsobelow“risklevels.”Shouldntanyincreaseinradiationthatisnotnaturallyoccurringbutduetoanucleardisaster,beofconcern?不甘示弱,碘- 131被发现在3月28日在加州牛奶样品,每国务院公共卫生和下面的阅读也是“风险水平。”不应该增加辐射不是自然发生的,而是由于核灾难,被关注的吗?Whileanyexposure“raisestheriskofgettingcancer,”thelevelsreportedinSpokanepose“very,very,verylowhealthconsequences,”IraHelfand,adirectorofPhysiciansforSocialResponsibility(aWashington-basedadvocacygroupfocusedonpreventingnuclearwar),saidinatelephoneinterviewfromSpringfield,Massachusetts.Iraisprobablyputtinghisownchildreninradiationsuits!Itmustbetoughbeinganofficialthesedaystohavetoliethatblatantlyandstillbeabletolookatoneselfinthemirror.“ImmuchmoreworriedaboutthesituationforpeopleinJapan,”hesaid.Thatnobodyinhis/herrightmindwantstovisitJapanagainforthenext80to100yearsshouldbeanindicationhowdirethesituationisthere.虽然任何接触“增加患癌症的风险,”报告的水平在斯波坎构成“非常,非常,非常低的健康后果,”艾拉希尔芬迪主管医生的社会责任(一个华盛顿的游说团体关注防止核战争),在一次电话采访中说从斯普林菲尔德,马萨诸塞州。爱尔兰共和军可能是把自己的孩子放在防辐射工作服!一定是艰难的做一个官员如今不得不撒谎,公然和仍然能够在镜子里看看自己。“我更担心日本人的情况,”他说,在他/她的心智正常,没人想再次访问日本为下一个80到100年应该有可怕的情况。Meanwhile,milkfromCaliforniawhichisthebiggestmilk-producingstate,issafebasedongovernmentfindings,perJenniferGiambronifromtheCaliforniaMilkAdvisoryBoard.Fine-butmuchlesssaferthanitwaspreviouslyImassumingAnotherthing,Californiaexportsasignificantportionofitsproduce!同时,牛奶从加州最大的乳用状态,是安全的基于政府发现,每詹妮弗Giambroni来自加州牛奶顾问委员会。好,但比以前更安全我假设另一件事,加州出口很大一部分的生产!Giambronicontinuedtosaythat“consumersafetyisthehighestpriorityfordairyfarmersanddairy-foodscompanies.Thedairyindustrywillcontinuetoworkcloselywithfederalandstategovernmentagenciestoensurethatwemaintainasafemilksupply.”Howcantheypossiblyensuresafetywhentheradiationisintheatmosphereandintherain?Eveniftheyputlittleplasticsuitsonthecows,wherecouldtheypossiblyfinduncontaminatedgrasstoeat?Assumingthattheyrereallyonlygivingcowsgrasstoeatthatwouldputthemintheelitecategoryof“grassfedbeef!”Giambroni继续说,“消费者安全是最高优先级的奶农和dairy-foods公司。乳制品行业将继续与联邦和州政府机构密切合作,以确保我们保持一个安全的牛奶供应。”他们怎么可能保证安全当辐射在大气中,在雨中吗?即使他们把小塑料适合牛,他们能在哪里找到未被污染的草吃?假设他们真的只给牛吃草这将使他们的精英阶层“草喂牛肉!”GovernmentofficialsinJapan,askedfarmerstokeepcowsandcattleinbarnsasradioactivecontaminationofmilkspreadfromFukushimaprefecture,northofTokyo.Arethosebarnshermeticallysealed?在日本政府官员,要求农民保持奶牛和牛在谷仓放射性污染的牛奶从福岛县东京以北。那些是谷仓密封吗?PatrickDelaneyoftheWashington-basedUnitedFreshProduceAssociation,whichrepresentsproducecompanies,said“consumersshouldhavenoconcernaboutradiationinfruitsandvegetables.Atthispoint,thereisntadangerofcontamination.”Whynot?Hesrightweshouldntworryaboutitasitwontmitigatethesituation!帕特里克德莱尼的华盛顿美国新鲜农产品协会,代表生产公司,称“消费者应该没有担心辐射的水果和蔬菜。在这一点上,没有污染的危险。“为什么不呢?他是对的,我们不应该担心,因为它不会减轻的情况!Itsofficial-accordingtotheEPA,elevatedlevelsofradioactivematerialinrainwaterwerereportedinPennsylvaniaandMassachusetts.Radiationlevelshavebeen“verylow,”posingnohealthconcernandweretobeexpected,accordingtotheagencyswebsite.“Weretobeexpected?”So,werenotover-reacting!它的官方根据美国环保署,高浓度放射性物质的雨水被报道在宾夕法尼亚州和马萨诸塞州。辐射水平已经很低,不会造成任何健康问题和预期,根据该机构的网站。“被预期?”因此,我们不是反应过度!TheEPAsaiditsreviewingthedatafromPennsylvaniaandMassachusetts.Thelevelsareabove“normalbackground”amountsreportedfortheareas,accordingtotheagency.So,anydetectableincreaseshouldhaveanimpact?环保署说,回顾数据来自宾夕法尼亚州和马萨诸塞州。上面的水平是“正常的”背景地区的大量报道,根据机构。因此,任何检测增加应该有影响吗?FDAseniorscientistPatriciaHansensaid,“radiationisallaroundusinourdailylives,andthesefindingsareaminusculeamountcomparedtowhatpeopleexperienceeveryday.”No,sorryImnotconvinced!FDA资深科学家帕特里夏汉森说:“在我们的日常生活中我们四周到处是辐射,和这些发现是一个极小的数量相比,人们每天经历。”不,对不起我不相信!Iodine-131hasa“half-life”ofeightdays,andthelevelfoundinmilkanddairyproductsis“expectedtodroprelativelyquickly,”boththeEPAandtheFDAsaid.Whatabouttherestoftheradiation,whichprobablyincludesasignificantportionoftheradioactiveelementsfromthePeriodicTableofElements?碘- 131有一个八天的“半衰期”,和牛奶和乳制品中发现是“预期下降相对较快,”美国环保署和FDA说。其余的辐射,其中可能包括很大一部分放射性元素的元素周期表?Listeningtoatalkshowrecently,Iheardexpertssaythattheprocesseswouldtakesome80to100yearstodeemthoseradioactiveelementsharmless.最近听一个脱口秀节目,我听到专家说,过程需要大约80到80年认为这些放射性元素无害的。HansensaidtheradiationinSpokaneistinycomparedwithlevelsapersonreceiveswatchingtelevisionortakingaroundtripcross-countryflight.Donttellusaboutthatignoranceisbliss!汉森说,斯波坎的辐射水平与一个人收到看电视或往返越野飞行。不要告诉我们,无知是福!AreportontheJapanesecrisisbyPhysiciansforSocialResponsibility,revealsthatanyexposuretoradiationcarriessomeriskforU.S.residents,concludingthat“thereisnolowerlimitofexposureunderwhichthereisnodamageandwhichcanbeconsideredsafe.Anyamountofradiationwilldamagecells.”Nowthatslayingitonthelineforus!Howhonorableofthemtobesoforthcoming由内科医生报告