否定句的翻译.ppt

,否定句的翻译,3.5否定句的翻译3.5.1全部否定3.5.2部分否定3.5.3双重否定3.5.4意义上的肯定3.5.5含蓄否定3.5.6转移否定,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.1全部否定(1)Whetheranyofthiscausesimmediateharmisnotknown.(2)Neverisaluminumfoundfreeinnature.(3)Agashasneitherdefinitevolumenordefiniteshape.,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.2部分否定(1)Allthesemetalsarenotgoodconductors.(2)Everycolorisnotreflected.(3)Boththeinstrumentsarenotpreciseones.,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.3双重否定(1)Sodiumisneverfounduncombinedinnature.(2)Therehasnotbeenascientistofeminencebutwasamanofindustry.(3)Aradarscreenisnotunlikeatelevisionscreen.,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.4意义上的肯定常见结构有：nothinglike,cannottoo,no/not/nothing+more+than,no/not/nothing+less+than等。(1)Thereisnothinglikemineralwatertoquenchonesthirst.(2)ThesescientistscouldnotbelievetheCuriesmore.(3)Nolessthan25percentofthecropsarepolluted.,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.5含蓄否定动词和动词短语：avoid,deny,exclude,fail,ignore,lack,miss,neglect,overlook,keep/prevent/protect/savefrom,refuse,stop,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.5含蓄否定名词：absence,deficiency,exclusion,failure,loss,neglect,refusal形容词和形容词短语：farfrom,few,freefrom,ignorantof,last,little,safefrom,shortof,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.5含蓄否定副词：hardly,rarely,scarcely,seldom,vainly介词及介词短语：above,atissuewith,behind,below,beneath,beside,beyond,butfor,indefaultof,indefectof,inplaceof,invain,insteadof,off连词：before,but,butthat,ratherthan,tooto,unless,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.5含蓄否定(1)Itisthelasttypeofmachineforsuchajob.(2)Avacuum,whichistheabsenceofmatter,cannottransmitsound.(3)Beyondacertainpointthepilingupofevidenceaddsmerequantity,withoutalteringtheresult.,3.5否定句的翻译,3.5.6转移否定(1)Theenginedidnotstopbecausethefuelwasfinished.(2)Theplanetsdonotgoaroundthesunatauniformspeed.(3)Thecompassneedledoesnotpointtruenortheverywhereonearth.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.1数字的表达和翻译3.6.2英语中数字修饰语的翻译3.6.3数量增加的翻译3.6.4数量减少的翻译,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.1数字的表达和翻译tenthousand，onehundredthousand，onemillion，tenmillion，onehundredmillion，onebillion，tenbillion，onehundredbilliononetrillion,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.2英语中数字修饰语的翻译1.用flat,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just修饰数字。(1)ProfessorSmithfinishedtheexperimentintwenty-fourhoursflat.(2)Thephysiciantreatedcool30patientsthatday,.(3)Theplanetakesoffat7oclocksharp.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.2英语中数字修饰语的翻译2.用about,some,around,round,approximately,closelyto,nearly,towards修饰数字。(1)Itisnearly/toward(s)4oclock.2）Accordingtotheweatherman,thetemperaturewillbeupto5.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.用morethan,odd,over,above,exceed,upwardsof,ormore,higherthan,inexcessof修饰数字。(1)Pigironisanalloyofironandcarbonwiththecarboncontentmorethantwopercent.(2)Upwardsofseventhousandmedicalworkershaveleftfortheearthquakedistrict.(3)Thepatientsarechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,4.用under,below,less,lessthan,nomorethan,shortof,off,to,within,asfewas修饰数字。(1)Ittookthreeyearslessthanonemonthforthemtodevelopthenewmaterial.(2)Heliumintheairisalittleunder1%.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,5.用full,solid,atleast,allof,nolessthan,as.as修饰数字。(1)TheycoveredfulltwentyreferencesourcesonAIDSinasingleday.(2)Themotorran450soliddaysonend.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,6.用only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,atmost,nomorethan,scant修饰数字。(1)Thatsolar-energycarweighsonly/merely/barely/scarcely/but500kg.(2)Inspectiontimefortheinstallationwasnomorethan2hours.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,7.用fromto,betweenand修饰数字。(1)Theenergyofthewastedbythereciprocatingsteamengineisbetween80and(to)85percent.(2)Theladlerefiningtimetakesonaveragebetween3and4hoursdependingonthetreatmentrequired.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译1.(1)Thissubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheother.(2)Thislineisbytwotimeslongerthanthatone.(3)Mercuryweighsmorethanwaterbyabout14times.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译2.“as+adj.(adv.)+againas”和“againas+adj.(adv.)+as”译成“是的两倍”，“比多一倍”(1)Thiswireisaslongagainasthatone.(2)Thiswireisagainaslongasthatone.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译“v.+ntimes”,“v.+by+ntimes”,“v.+to+ntimes“,“v.+n-fold”,“v.+byafactorof+n”译作“增加到倍”，“增加了（n-1）倍”。(1)Thesalesofindustrialelectronicproductshavemultipliedsixtimes.(2)By1999theproductionofprimarycopperhasincreasedfivefold.(3)Thedrainvoltagehasbeenincreasedbyafactorof4.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译4.(by)n+单位（或n%）,n照译。(1)Theoutputwentup45000tons.(2)Theproductionhasincreasedby45%.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译5double-2倍treble-3倍quadruple-4倍quintuple-5倍sextuple-6倍septuple-7倍octuple-8倍(1)Thenewairportwilldoublethecapacityoftheexistingone.(2)Thecompanyquadrupledoutputtoaround20milliontons.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.3数量增加的翻译6“anincreaseofn”,“anincrease“,n照译。(1)Thereisanincreaseof4.5milliontonsofsteelascomparedwithlastyear.(2)Thereisa25%increaseofsteelascomparedwithlastyear.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.4数量减少的翻译1“byn(n%),“nless(than)”，数字照译。(1)100decreasedby90is10.(2)Theoutputdecreasedby40%.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.4数量减少的翻译2.“byntimes”,“ntimes“,“byafactorofn“,“ntimesas+adj.(adv.)+as“,“减少了n分之(n-1)”或“减少到n分之1”。(1)Theprimecosthasdecreasedbythethreetimesasagainst1949.(2)Thepre-heatingtimeforthenewtypethermalmeterisshortened5times.,3.6数字和倍数的翻译,3.6.4数量减少的翻译3.“to+n(n%)”“减少到n(n%)”(1)Theoutputwasreducedto45000tons.(2)Thepollutionwasreducedto25%.,3.7汉语四字格在翻译中的使用(1)Asthenamesays,thegrowthretardantisachemicalservingtoretardplantgrowth.(2)Owingtothefrequencyofcollisionsbetweenmolecules,theirmotionsareentirelyatrandom.(3)Ingeneral,thedesignprocedureisnotstraightforwardandwillrequiretrailanderror.(4)Thenewcomputersareindeedcheapandfine.,3.8长句的翻译3.8.1顺序法3.8.2逆序法3.8.3分句译法,3.8长句的翻译3.8.1顺序法(1)Eachchemicalelementhaditsnumberandfixedpositioninthetable,andfromthisitbecamepossibletopredictitsbehavior:howitwouldreactwithotherelements,whatkindofcompoundsitwouldform,andwhatsortofphysicalpropertiesitwouldbe.,3.8长句的翻译3.8.1顺序法(1)Inthenot-too-distantfuture,computerswillprobablygiveoneveryaspectoffarming-whichcropstoplant,whenandwheretoplantthem,howmuchandwhattypesoffertilizertouse,andwhenandwheretomarketthecrops.,3.8长句的翻译3.8.2逆序法(1)Thisiswhythehotwaters