PETS二Unit-12.ppt

Unit1PersonalInformation,Monologue,爱斯基摩（Eskimos）”一词是由印第安人首先叫起来的，即“吃生肉的人”。因为历史上印第安人与爱斯基摩大有矛盾，所以这一名字显然含有贬意。因此，爱斯基摩人并不喜欢这名字，而将自己称为“因纽特（Inuit）”或“因纽皮特（Inupiat）”人，在爱斯基摩语中即“真正的人”之意。爱斯基摩人都是矮个子、黄皮肤、黑头发，这样的容貌特征和蒙古人种相当一致。基因研究发现，他们更接近西藏人。,狩猎是爱斯基摩人的传统生活方式。在格陵兰北部，他们在冬夏之交猎取海豹，68月以打鸟和捕鱼为主，9月猎捕驯鹿。而在阿拉斯加北端，全年以狩猎海豹为主，并在冬夏之交猎取驯鹿，45月捕鲸。,今非昔比，爱斯基摩人的生活已经相当现代化了。他们以前住的冰屋伊格鲁(igloo)早已不复存在，代之以装有下水道和暖气设备的木板房子；用海豹皮做成的小船尤米安克(Umiak)也已经进了博物馆，而为水上摩托所代替；狗拉雪橇已很少使用，狗儿们因此失了业了，因为人们大部分都用上了汽车；为了抵御冬天的严寒，兽皮虽然仍必不可少，但外面却罩上了非常漂亮的尼龙布。孩子们可以就近上学，直到高中毕业；大人们在工作之余，也可以坐在家里看看电视，听听收音机。总之，爱斯基摩人在这几十年的时间里，从相当原始的传统生活一跃而进入了现代文明，其速度之快和变化之大不能不说是历史上的奇迹。,冰屋是怎样起到保暖防寒作用的呢？,首先，由于冰屋结实不透风，能够把寒风拒之屋外，所以住在冰屋里的人，可以免受寒风的袭击。其次，冰是热的不良导体，能很好地隔热，屋里的热量几乎不能通过冰墙传导到屋外。再次，冻结成一体的冰屋，没有窗子，门口挂着兽皮门帘，这样可以大大减少屋内外空气的对流。正因为如此，冰屋内的温度可以保持在零下几度到十几度，这相对于零下50多度的屋外，要暖和多了。当然，冰屋里的温度比起我们冬天的室内温度要低得多，而且冰屋里也不允许生火取暖，因为冰在0度以上就会融解成水。,爱斯基摩人的衣服都采用动物的毛皮为原料，所以能最好地抵抗北极的严寒。驯鹿皮、熊皮、狐皮、海豹皮，甚至狼皮都是做衣服鞋子的主要材料。,Monologue,1.ModernideasarebeginningtoinfluencetheEskimos,butnotenoughtomakemuchdifferencetotheirwayoflife.influencev.影响n.影响感化有影响力的人eg:Dontletmeinfluenceyourdecision.eg:Heisagoodinfluenceonmydaughter.make.differenceto:eg:Itdoesntmakemuch/any/theleastdifferencetomewhatyoudo.你干什么对我都没有多大/任何/丝毫关系。,2.Theystillspendthewinterinigloos,theroundhutsthatarebuiltofhard-frozensnow.hutn.小屋棚屋茅舍bebuiltof:由.建成3.Theystilltravelonsledsthatarepulledbydogs.sleds=sledgen.雪橇,4.Thewinteristoocoldtohunt,soduringthatseasontheyliveonthestoresofsealmeatthattheyhavekilledinthesummer.too.to.liveon:以.为生、为主食,5.Butsealmeatisnottheonlykindoffoodthattheyeat.Insummertheyhuntreindeerandbears.Theyalsofishalltheyearround.alltheyearround一年到头；四季；一年四季；终年Theybringusgoodluckalltheyearround.他们给我们一年四季带来好运气。Thepubliclibraryisavailablealltheyearround.公共图书馆全年开放。reindeer:n.驯鹿,6.TheEskimoswhoarehuntersinsummerarefishermeninwinter.Inwintertheymakeholesintheiceandcatchtheirfishthroughtheholesthattheyhavemade.7.Eskimosliveinverydifficultconditions.condition:n.u现状；状况；情况beingood,poor,excellentcondition处于好的，坏的，极佳的状况conditionspl环境；情况poorworkingconditions恶劣的工作环境Firemenhavetoworkinverydifficultconditions.消防员需在极困难的情况下工作。,8.Thereisnotenoughwoodtomakefurnitureandthereisnometalfortools.enoughadj.足够的eg:Wehaventgotenoughtime.Fifteenplayerswillbequiteenoughforafootballteam.Sheisntgoodenoughfortheexam.,9.Theyusebones,therefore,fortheirfishhooksandforthetipsoftheirarrows.hookn.钩；挂钩afishhook鱼钩v.用钩钩；钩住tohookafish用钩钩鱼hookedadj.钩状的ahookednose鹰钩鼻tipn.尖端，尖，末梢thetipofonesnose/fingers小费，小账eg:Heleftatipunderhisplate.他把小费放在了盘子下面。v.(使某物）侧边提高倾斜翻倒eg:Tiptheboxupandemptyit.把那盒子翻过来倒空。NoTipping.此处禁倒垃圾。,10.Onlyadaptableworkmencanliveintheseconditions.adaptableadj.适应能力强的unadaptableadaptv.adaptoneselftosth.适应（新环境等）eg:Oureyesslowlyadaptedtothedark.sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.,11.ThatiswhytheyareabletoliveintheArcticlands.beabletodosth.能做某事theArcticlands北极地区,Q:,1.Whatareigloosbuiltof?2.Whatdotheyliveoninwinter?3.WhatarethedifferentactivitiestheEskimosdoinsummerandinwinter?4.Howdotheyfishinwinter?5.WhydotheEskimosusebonesfortheirfishhooks?6.WheredotheEskimoslive?7.Caneveryonelivethere?,Exercises:1.第四部分阅读理解,Businessmenknowthatpeoplechooseproductsbycolor.Businessmenwanttomakeproductsinthecolorspeoplewillbuy.Forexample,acar-makerneedstoknowhowmanycarstopaintred,howmanygreen,andhowmanyorange.Goodbusinessmenknowthatyoungpeoplepreferdifferentcolorsthanoldpeopledoandmenpreferdifferentcolorsthanwomendo.Youngchildrenreacttothecolorofanobjectbeforetheyreacttoitsshape.Theypreferthewarmcolors-red,yellow,andorange.Whenpeoplegrewolder,theybegintoreactmoretotheshapeofanobjectthantoitscolor.Thefavoritecolorofadultsofallcountriesisblue.Theirsecondfavoritecolorisred,andtheirthirdisgreen.,Onthewhole,womenpreferbrightercolorsthanmendo.Almosteveryonelikesred,butwomenlikeyellowandgreenmorethanmendo.Pinkisusuallyconsideredwomenscolor.Blueisusuallyconsideredmenscolor.Asaresult,peopledressbabygirlsinpinkandbabyboysinblue.However,thetasteofpeoplechanges.Forexample,yearsagobusinessmenworeonlywhiteshirts;todaytheywearmanydifferentcolors,includingpink.1.Accordingtothepassage,colorhasalottodowith_.A.thesuccessofabusinessB.thesellingofacarC.thedifferenceinsexD.thedifferenceinage,2.Atfirstyoungerchildrenpaymoreattentionto_.A.whatshapeathingisB.coldcolorsC.warmcolorsD.whatcolorathingis3.Thecolorthatadultsanywhereintheworldloveis_.A.greenB.orangeC.blueD.red4.Usuallywomenlike_betterthanmendo.A.yellow,green,blueB.green,pink,yellowC.pink,blue,yellowD.green,blue,pink5.Whichofthesecolorsisalsolikedbymostpeople?A.YellowB.RedC.PinkD.White,2.写作,短文改错此题要求改正短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个（），如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边写出该词，并划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一个横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。,Tomhasworkedinaofficeforaboutfiveyears.He1._doesntsmoke.Twoyearsbefore,ayoungmancalled2._Dickcametoworkinthesameoffice.Heisapleased3._personandheworkshard,andhesmokesheavily.Since4._hecame,theofficeha