2011北京各区中考英语一模试题(阅读D篇)

海淀：D “You dont have to be great to get started, but you have to get started to be great.” I believe it is thought normal in todays society to just let life happen to us. I also believe that we sometimes damage our well-planned thoughts about success because it is easier to just carry on as usual rather than try with the possibility of failure in mind.The main reason why most people never get moving is because they have no real idea about what they want. Without a certain result already set in your mind, it is really difficult to get going, and even if you do, your motivation (动力) may soon disappear and you give up before too long.Why not consider what is really important in your life? Write down what excites you, what would truly make you happy and what problems you have. At the end of the week, take a careful look at the notes you have taken. You will soon begin to see a clearer picture of what direction you should be heading.Knowledge is useless without action. You can read every book on any subject but your life will stay the same if you do not use that knowledge. This may seem clear but the reason why the self-help industry is thriving (繁荣的) is because people read and read and read but never use the information provided.Knowledge is fantastic but it is not life changing until used. I love to read personal development material to keep a positive attitude towards my life, but I also realize that if I dont set goals to achieve, then I will always be a talk the talk person who is great at giving advice but useless at realizing it. If you have no plans of practicing what you say, then it may be best to keep your mouth closed. Do you want to know who you are? Dont ask. Act! Action will explain you. Whatever excuses we have for not living up to our talent, the fact is that time will always move forward. Be whatever you want to be and whatever you can be. Always remember the only limits we have are the ones we create for ourselves. Life is not what we think, it is what we experience when we act upon the thoughts we entertain. 58. In Paragraph Two, the writer wants to _. A. tell us what people need to get successB. show us what people set in their mindC. inform us why people should practice D. explain why people stop going ahead 59. The underlined phrase “living up to” probably means _.A. matching B. showing C. wasting D. losing60. What is the best title for the passage? A. See a Clear Picture of Life. B. Get Started to Be Great. C. Set Goals to Achieve. D. Act upon Thoughts. 58. D 59. A 60. D西城：阅读理解（共44分）D She was only about five feet tall and probably never weighed more than 110 pounds, but Miss Bessie was a towering presence in the classroom. She was the only woman tough enough to make me read Beowulf and think for a few stupid days that I liked it. From 1938 to 1942, she taught me English, history and a lot more than I realized. I shall never forget the day she scolded (批评) me into reading Beowulf. “But Miss Bessie,” I complained, “I aint much interested in it.” Her large brown eyes became sharp. “Boy,” she said, “how dare you say aint to me! Ive taught you better than that.” “Miss Bessie,” I said, “Im trying to join the football team, and if I go around saying it isnt and they arent, the guys are gonna laugh me off the team.” “Boy,” she replied, “youll play football because you have guts (勇气). But do you know what really takes guts? Refusing to lower your standards to those of the crowd. It takes guts to say youve got to live and be somebody fifty years after all the football games are over.” I started saying “it isnt” and “they arent,” and I still joined the team without losing my friends respect. Negroes, as we were called then, were not allowed in the town library, except to sweep floors or clean tables. But with the help of some nice whites, Miss Bessie kept getting books out of the white library. That is how she introduced me to the Bronts, Byron and Keats. “If you dont read, you cant write, and if you cant write, you might as well stop dreaming,” Miss Bessie once told me. So I read whatever Miss Bessie told me to, and tried to remember the things she insisted that I store away. It could be embarrassing to be unprepared when Miss Bessie said, “Get up and tell the class who Frances Perkins is and what you think about her.” Forty-five years later, I can still recite her “truths to live by”. Miss Bessie noticed things that had nothing to do with schoolwork, but were essential to a youngsters development. Once a few classmates made fun of my worn-out hand-me-down overcoat. As I was leaving school, Miss Bessie patted me on the back of that old overcoat and said, “Carl, never worry about what you dont have. Just make the most of what you do have a brain.”No child can get all the necessary support at home, and millions of poor children get no support at all. This is what makes a wise, educated, warm-hearted teacher like Miss Bessie so essential to the minds, hearts and souls of this countrys children.57. The underlined words “towering presence” in the first paragraph means _.A. Miss Bessie was strong enough to influence her students B. Miss Bessie was watching the students all the timeC. the students thought she was tall and heavyD. the students felt nervous in front of her 58. What can we infer from the passage?A. Carls friends came from poor families.B. Carl hated to read Beowulf in public.C. Miss Bessie wanted Carl to be a better man.D. Miss Bessie didnt want Carl to play football. 59. Miss Bessie asked Carl to read a lot because _. A. his parents were too poor to afford booksB. he was not allowed into the libraryC. the whites didnt want the blacks to read D. she expected him to have a goal in life 60. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A. Dreams Go with EducationB. An Unforgettable Lesson C. Unforgettable Miss BessieD. Reading Makes a Full Man 57. A58. C 59. D 60. C东城：DBreakfast is the most important meal of the day, but many people dont have it. Common reasons for not eating breakfast include shortage of time, not feeling hungry, traditional dislike for breakfast, and dieting（节食）. Breakfast simply means “break the fast”. You eat nothing for at least 6 to 12 hours each night. Even though you have been sleeping, you have still been burning energy. And in the morning your body needs energy for the days work ahead. A good breakfast should provide up to 1/3 of your total calories（卡路里）that your body needs for the day. Generally speaking, we eat 400 less calories for breakfast than for dinner. If breakfast doesnt interest you in the morning, try eating a lighter dinner earlier in the evening or save half your dinner for breakfast in the morning. If you still arent hungry in the morning, start with something small like juice or bread or have nutritious（有营养的）mid-morning snack later when you are hungry. So, you say youre on a diet. Some people are afraid that eating breakfast will make them hungrier during the day and they will eat more. It is true that eating breakfast is likely to make you feel hungry throughout the day. Thats because your body is working correctly. Although you may feel as if you are eating more all day long, in fact youre probably not. Not eating breakfast may cause you to overeat, because a fall in blood sugar often makes you feel hungry later. To make things worse, since your body is in a slowed state, it will not be able to burn those extra calories well. If you feed your body healthy snacks and meals throughout the day, you may not become hungry so easily and eat too much when you have meals. Since breakfast is the first and most important meal of the day, your choice is important. The best breakfast foods are fruits, juice, lean meat, and grain products such as bread, rice, noodles and cereals.58. The underlined word “fast” means “a period during which someone _.” A. moves quicklyB. works hardC. goes without foodD. sleeps in bed59. From the passage, we know that _. A. breakfast provides us most of the energy B. breakfast may help to save the dinner C. breakfast might make people overeat D. breakfast helps our body work well60. What is the best title for this passage? A. Breakfast and Energy B. Why Not Eat Breakfast C. Breakfast and DietingD. What to Eat for Breakfast57. A58. C59. D60. B朝阳：DChristmas is a time for shopping. But I think those of us who live in large cities in Asia would be cheating ourselves if we said this is the only time we are busy shopping. No, from Bangkok to Singapore, from Shanghai to Manila, shoppingespecially shopping in large centersis a year-round activity.Shopping centers are good. They show Asias surprising economic (经济的) growth, and how far we have come in such a short time. For many of the older generation who can remember a time when everyone lived in villages and there was no running water, the air-conditioned centre means comfort, choice, luxury (豪华) and better times.Nowadays, it seems our usual activities happen in the centreits where we shop, eat, watch movies, meet our friends or just generally walk around.Further more, we have come to regard shopping centers as important landmarks or tourist attractions(吸引). Whole generations of Asians are growing up to think that, besides home and school, the shopping center is the most natural place to be.My idea about shopping centers is not that they are often big buildings that look quite different from other parts in a city, or that they promote (促进) shopping at a time when our planet can hardly afford it. My main idea about centers is that they dont really seem to make us happy. The large advertisements outside the stores could make us think that if we only had this pair of jeans, or if we hung out at this caf drinking coffee, then we could feel more successful. But once we buy something, we only want to buy something moreas everyone already knows.Shopping centers, even though they try to look as welcoming as possible, can be unkind places. To make us buy, they must make us feel that we are short of something, or that everyone else has something we do not yet own. We must want to surpass others or at the very least to keep up. How can this thought always trying to be cool bring us true joy?The saddest thing is that the modern centre has stopped us from many beautiful, necessary and important activities. We have no one to blame (责怪) but ourselves. Instead of shopping, we could be cooking, visiting a nearby waterfall, going to the beach, reading a novel, taking a long walk, playing a sport, learning a dance or visiting each others homes.Every time we have a spare piece of land, all we can think of building on it is yet another centre. Perhaps instead, we should be building libraries, theatres, museums, sports halls, public swimming pools, parksthe list is endless. We might even consider leaving that land alone. This is something that the centre may have caused us to forgetin order to be happy, we must create as well as consume (消费).57. What is the writers attitude towards shopping centers?A. He likes them very much.B. He doesnt like them at all.C. He likes them only a little.D. He doesnt like all of them.58. Why do more and more shopping centers appear in some Asian countries?A. Because economy in the world develops very fast.B. Because shopping centers have attracted tourists all over the world.C. Because people go shopping in large shopping centers all year round.D. Because shopping centers have become an important part in everyones life.59. What is the greatest disadvantage of shopping centers, according to the writer?A. They dont seem to make us happy.B. They lead us to buy more and more things.C. They force us to give up many other activities.D. They have us fall into endless competition with others.60. Which of the following is not true?A. It is very easy for us to find a shopping centre in a big city.B. There are usually all kinds of services in a shopping center.C. The government must be responsible for the writers sadness.D. Besides shopping, therere many other activities we can enjoy.朝阳答案：（D）57B58D59C60.C 石景山：DDo you know that womens brains are smaller than mens? Normally the womens brain weighs 10% less than mens. Since research has shown that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the animal, men must be more intelligent（聪明的） than women. Right? Wrong. Men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. Why? After years of study, researchers have concluded that its whats inside that matters, not just the size of the brain. The brain is made up of “grey matter” and “white matter”. While men have more of the white matter, the amount（数量）of “thinking” brain is almost the same in both men and women.It has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women. This means that little girls may learn to speak earlier, and that women can understand sorts of different information at the same time. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, its women who come out on top every time. There are other important differences between two sexes（性别）. As white matter is the key to spatial（空间的）tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “A great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,” says one researcher. That may explain one of lifes great mysteries: why men refuse to ask for directions and women often need to! The differences begin when fetuses（胎儿）are about nine weeks old, which can be seen in the action of children when they are very young. A boy would try to climb a barrier before him or push it down while a girl would ask for help from others. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. It may all go back to our ancestors, among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research. 57. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A. Grey matter controls thinking in the brain.B. Mens brain is 10% less than womens. C. Grey matter plays the same role as white matter. D. Men and women have the same amount of white matter.58. What can you infer from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Men have weaker spatial abilities. B. Women do not need to tell directions. C. Women prefer doing many things at a time.D. Women do many jobs at a time better than men. 59. What can you learn from Paragraph 4? A. Our children needed more spatial skills.B. Women may have more feelings than men.C. Young boys may be stronger than young girls. D. More women take up jobs requiring speech skills. 60. The passage is mainly about _.A. ways of being more intelligent B. differences between men and women C. studies on brains between two sexes D. studies on white matter and grey matter 57. A 58. D 59. D 60. C昌平：DCan you imagine the very first modern Olympics in 1896 with no landing mats (海绵垫), no stopwatches and no photo finishes? In fact, cameras and stopwatches were not used until the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, USA. Thanks for technology, Olympics have been developing at an unbelievable speed. Today technology has completely changed sports. Take sports equipment for example. Electronic eyes hanging at the starting lines, together with digital cameras, could catch correct race time and also help to catch runners who “jump the gun”. As runners cross the finishing line, special digital cameras can also easily decide the winner. The days of “dead heats” are gone. Technological developments are also good for athletes. New sports suits, which get less wind effects, can help cut up to one-tenth of a second from runners race time. Top athletes, like Liu Xiang, are even provided with hand-made sports shoes. These shoes are made to fit the athlete exactly - and there are some more changes in the shoes that meet each runners personal needs. Technology has also changed the way of many sports. Take one example - the pole vault. The landing mat makes a big difference to the vaulting style as athletes no longer need to worry about hurting themselves as they fall. Without these worries, athletes could jump higher. New swimming pools have been used to help swimmers swim with easier effort and sports scientists have worked out a new swimming style to improve the speed.The increasing technological developments have led many sportsmen to suggest that the “Olympic spirit” is being lost in a rush to break records and win medals. Many developing countries say that technology has become too important in sport and that athletes from developing countries are disadvantaged. There are no easy answers but one thing is sure - we cannot turn back times. Technology cannot go backwards. The underlined phrase “dead heats” means _.A. sports equipment which was out of dateB. runners who jumped the gun while runningC. diseases which killed runners in hot weatherD. races in which runners finished at the same timeWhat infers from the fourth paragraph?A. Scientists can measure the speed of swimming.B. The pole