沪教牛津版八年级下Unit4讲解与练习

基础知识：短语1.comic strip连环漫画 2.pop out 张大、瞪大、瞪起3.decide on 决定、选定 4.video camera 摄像机5.play against 同.比赛 6.weather forecast 天气预报7.thank goodness谢天谢地 8.make it 获得成功9.think of 考虑、想起、记得 10.have a good idea 有个好主意11.think about 思考、考虑 12.add.to. 把.添加到.13.sound effects 音响效果 14.at the underground station 在地铁站15.look like 看上去像 16.a little 一点儿17.put.together 把.放在一起 18.show sth to sb 给某人看某物19.play football 踢足球 20.the same as 和.一样21.be different from 与.不同 22.look funny看起来有趣23.a pare of 一双 24.at the top of.在.的顶部25.look out 当心 26.be careful 小心27.watch out 注意 28.pick up捡起29.in trouble 在困境中 30.good luck 好运句型1.need to do sth 需要做某事 need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事2.forget to do sth 忘记做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事3.appear to do sth 像是在做某事 4.be used to to sth 被用来做某事5.be ready to do sth 准备好做某事6.ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 7.how to do sth 如何做某事8.lets do sth 让我们做某事吧 9.a comic strip called. 一个叫做.的连环漫画10.tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不要）做某事语法：被动语态（二）1. It can be enjoyed by everyone.2. Each picture should not be made the same as the one before it.3. The cartoon characters have been drawn carefully by the artists.上面的三个句子都属于被动语态，前两个句子是含有情态动词的被动语态，最后一个句子是现在完成时的被动语态。1.常见的几种被动语态一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 English isnt spoken by people here.一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 This book was written by Lu Xun.一般将来时 will/shall+be+过去分词 Lei Feng will be remembered by us forever,现在进行时 am/is/are being+过去分词 Many trees are being cut down now现在完成时 have/has been+过去分词 Man-made satellites have been sent up in to space.含情态动词 can/may/must be+过去分词 All the exercises must be finished before 4p.m.2.主动语态变为被动语态的方法1）变换结构图We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 其余部分 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 其余部分宾语提前做主语，主语变为介词by的宾语，谓语变为be+过去分词，时态根据主动语态来确定。2）变化步骤： 第一步：先确定主动句主、谓、宾。 第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 第三步：把主动句的谓语动词前的主语变成被动句中by的宾语。 第四步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”。练习：1. Teenagers _ allowed o drive. A.should not be B.should be not C.not should be2. Waste paper shouldnt _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our city clean. A.used B.has used C.has be used D.has been used3. Parents should allow their children to choose their own clothes. Children should _ _ to choose their own clothes by their parents.4. We should not allow the students to stay up until twelve oclock. The students _ _ _ to stay up until twelve oclock.5. The English homework must be handed in by the weekend.（改为一般疑问句） _ the English homework _ _ _ by the weekend?课后练习一、单选1.-What do you _ your hometown? -Its very beautiful. I love it very much. A.look at B.talk about C.think of D.think over2. When I was in the supermarket, I forgot _ money with me. A.to take B.to taking C.taking B.bringing3. -Could you give me some advice? I dont know_. -Why dont you wear this red shirt? A.when to wear B.what to wear C.how to wear D.where to wear4. Most of my classmates dont like to talk to their parents, but I am _ them. A.different from B.surprised at C.the same as D.proud of5. Wheres your ticket? Show_, please. A.me it B.it me C.me to it D.it to me6. -Tom, _ read books while you are walking in the street. Its very dangerous. -OK,thank you. A.dont B.doesnt C.wont D.cant7. He _ a piece of waste paper, and put in into the rubbish bag. A.picked up B.threw away C.looked for D.handed in8. Im sure our football team will _ this match. Were the best. A.win B.fail C.lose D.beat9. Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. Its dangerous. A.dont swim B.not swim C.not to swim D.not swimming10.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time. A.can be learned B.has been learned C.can learn D.has learned二、完形填空 Maybe you dont know Walt Disney, but you must know Disneyland. 11 you dont know Disneyland,you must know Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. Walt Disney was American. He 12 on December 5, 1901. And he died on December 15, 1966. He died of illness. Walt Disney had three brothers and one sister. He enjoyed 13 when he was very young. He was good at drawing. When he sold his first drawing 14 his neighbours, he was only seven years old! He got 15 in 1925. And he had two daughters. Disney was very rich, 16 he was frugal (朴素的). He spent most of his money 17 his work. In 1928, he created the famous character-Mickey Mouse, which made him famous to the world. Walt Disney is a great person. 18 he died, people all over the world will remember him for ever. He is deeply 19 by worldwide people. He was a clever, imaginative and creative man. He 20 enjoyment and happiness to the people of every country. He is a hero of the 20th century.( )11. A. What ( )12. A. is born ( )13. A. to draw ( )14. A. in ( )15. A. to marry ( )16. A. and ( )17. A. in ( )18. A. So ( )19. A. hated ( )20. A. shows B. Whether B. was born B. drew B. from B. marry B. so B. on B. Although B. loving B. lends C. If C. was famous C. drawing C. to C. marryed C. or C. with C. But C. loved C. borrows D. How D. was out D. was drawn D. at D. married D. but D. of D. In spite of D. hating D. brings 三、阅读Farquaad, the ruler of a country called Duloc, decides that all the characters from fantasy stories must leave the country. There is a huge green monster called Shrek who lives in a forest and all the fantasy characters hide in his home, although Shrek doesnt want them to. Shrek visits Farquaad. Farquaad agrees that the fantasy characters can come back if Shrek can find the beautiful princess that Farquaad wants to marry. Shrek goes to look for the Princess Fiona. He finds her and discovers that at night she becomes as ugly as him. When Farquaad discovers that Fiona is ugly, he doesnt want to marry her. But the monster and the princess get married, and the princess decides to stay ugly all the time for love.21. The meaning of the phrase fantasy stories is _. A. 童话故事 B. 喜剧故事 C. 恐怖故事 D. 科学故事22. Shrek goes to find the princess because _. A. he wants to marry her B. he wants to kill the princess C. Farquaad wants to marry her D. he wants Farquaad t