B4U4-grammar.高一英语必修四语法主语从句.ppt

Grammar,Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars,1)Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.5)Itisimportantthatweshouldstudyhard.,划出下面句子的主语并思考它们有什么共同点,思考题,共同点：都是在复合句中充当主语的从句。,1.什么是主语从句？2.有什么引导词可以引导主语从句？主语从句太长时一般如何处理？主语从句的数和语序是怎样的？,思考题,主语从句,语法归纳,1)由that引导的主语从句that没有实在意义，不充当句子成分。,主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.,Thatshelefthimhurtshimsomuch.,*that只起引导作用，不充当成分，没有意思，但不能省,2.引导主语从句的引导词,1.什么是主语从句？,主语从句,语法归纳,2)由wh-疑问词和how引导的主语从句用who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whatever等词引导的主语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中充当一定的成分，包含意思，不能省略。注意句子要用陈述语序。,Whenwewillbeginthemeetingisclear(清楚的).,*When在从句中作状语,2.引导主语从句的引导词,主语从句,语法归纳,3)由whether引导的主语从句whether不充当句子成分，表示“是否”，一般可以和or，ornot连用。但if不能引导主语从句放在主句句首。,WhetherIcanpasstheexamisunknown.,2.引导主语从句的引导词,注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:,Thathewilllateforschoolisimpossible._Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._,*it为形式主语,Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.,Itisimpossiblethathewilllateforschool.,3.主语从句太长时一般如何处理？,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)It+be+n.+从句Itisapitythat.遗憾的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat是事实*_(很遗憾)welostthematch.*_(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.,Itisapitythat,Itisafactthat,2)It+be+adj.+从句Itiscertainthat肯定Itispossiblethat.很可能Itisunlikelythat.不可能Itisobviousthat很明显*_(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.,Itispossiblethat,Itisobviousthat,3)It+不及物动词(seem/happen/occur)+从句Ithappenedthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起Itseemsthat.似乎*_(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*_(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.,Ithappenedthat,Itoccurredtomethat,4)It+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat.据说Itisknowntoallthat.众所周知Itisreportedthat.据报道*_(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*_(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.,Itisreportedthat,Itissuggestedthat,Itisdecidedthat据决定Itisbelievedthat据认为,a.Whenwillthemeetingbegin?b.Ithasnotbeendecided.Whenthemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecided.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygohavenotbeendecided.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecided.,陈述语序,4.主语从句的数和语序,Whateverhesaysisofnoimportance.,Whoeversaysthisiswrong,但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定WhatIneedismoney.WhatIneedarebooks.,主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用单数。,Whenandwherewellholdthemeeting_notbeendecidedyet.A.hasB.isC.haveD.are,4.主语从句的数和语序,what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：1.Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2.Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.,what与that在引导主语从句时的区别,1)_sheisstillaliveisaconsolation（安慰）.2)_helostthebikeworriedhimalot.3)_causedtheaccidentremainsunknown.,ThatThat,What,注意,Practice,_weneedismoretime._hesaidatmeetingisimportant._hecanpasstheexamremainsaquestion.=Itremainsaquestion_hecanpasstheexam._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather._wewillhaveanexamnextmonthhasbeenannounced.,What,What,Whether,Whether,Whether,That,Practice,1.我们需要的正是他的勇气和诚实。_ishisbraveryandhonesty.2.他什么时候来公司还不清楚。_isstillunknown.3.昨晚发生了什么仍然是个迷。_isstillamystery.,Whatweneed,Whenhewillcometothecompany,Whathappenedlastnight,合并句子,Hehadntsaidanything.Itsurprisedus.Howwasthebuildingbuilt?Itisstillamystery.Whenhewillbeback?Itdependsontheweather.Weshouldkeepabalanceddiet.Itisim