翻译课件整理

The selection of word meanings(a) according to the parts of speech(1)e : Like charges repel；Unlike charges attract。C:相同的电荷反弹，不同的电荷吸入。与Like:相同的adjective(2)e : he likes mathematics more than physics。C:比起物理，他更喜欢数学。Like:喜欢verb(3)e : in the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold。C:在从窗户进来的阳光下，微小的灰尘像金子一样闪闪发光。Like:与preprocess相同(4) E: Like knows like。C:英雄知道英雄。Like:之类的人或物；英雄noun(b)according to the context and the collocation of wordsLast:(1) E: He is the last man to come。C:他是最后一个来的。(2) E: He is the last man to do it。C:他决不会做那件事。(3)e : he is the last person for such a job。C:他没有资格做这项工作。(4)e : he should be the last(man)to blame。C:你不应该谴责他。(5)e : he is the last man to consult。C:完全不适合找他。(6)e : this is the last place where I expected to meet you。C:我完全没想到会在这里见到你。Take off:e : to take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her，but it hadBeen an agony for years。C:脱鞋或穿鞋子对她来说是一种痛苦，但已经是多年的痛苦了。(2)e : he always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working，as though about to take off。C:他工作的时候总是坐在椅子边上，好像随时都会跳起来。e : their first major design was a pleated denim jean with external pockets dubbed baggies that took off in high schools and colleges and collegesC:最重要的设计之一是有褶皱和名牌的蓝色斜纹粗布裤。这种裤子被人们称为“包”，在中学和大学中最先受到欢迎，其他服装商店也很快开始复制。The extension of word meanings(a) abstracting the word meanings1.将表示特定图像的单词翻译为该图像表示的属性的单词(1)e : there is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of theImperialists。C:帝国主义者的性格残暴狡猾。(2)到： every life has its roses and thorns。C:每个人的生活都是甜蜜和苦涩的。2.将有特色形象的词语翻译成该形象所代表的概念的词语(1)e : see-sawing between partly good and faintly ominous，the news for the next four weeks was never distinct。在C:之后的四周，新闻有时部分好转，有些不寻常。这两种情况一直交替下去，并不明显。(b) concretizing the word meanings(1)e : the car in front of me stalled and I missed the green。C:我前面的车停了下来。我错过了绿灯。Positive or negative(commend atory term or derogratory term)(a)本身具有称赞意义的词语(1)e : he was a man of highrenown(fame)。C:他是有名的人。(表彰)(2)e : his notoriety as a rake did not come until his death。C:他是流氓的恶名是在他死后才传开的。(轻蔑的意思)(3)e : the tasks carried out by them are praise worthy。C:他们进行的职业生涯值得称赞。(表彰)(4)e : Henry keeps boasting that he has talted to the president。C:亨利总是自夸他和总统谈过话。(轻蔑的意思)(5)e : he was polite and always gave advice wilingly， she recalled .C:她回忆说：“他很有礼貌，总是教书，不知疲倦。”(表扬)(6)e 2: wewere shocked by his coerse manners。C:我们被他粗暴的态度震惊了。(轻蔑的意思)(b)本身是中性的，但在特定的语境中，含有称赞的意思。(e : many people think that he is one of the most ambitious politiciansOf our time。C:很多人认为他是当今最有野心的政治家之一。(2) e : although he is very young，he is very ambitious in his research工作。C:他虽然年轻，但在研究工作中野心勃勃。(3)e : the stubborn boy refused to listen to his parents advice。C:顽固的男孩不听父母的劝告。(4)e : the invaders met a stubborn resistance from the local people。C:侵略者遭到了当地人民的顽强抵抗。(5) e: she is figety and restless。C:她脾气急躁不安。(6)e : all the inventors have a restless mind。C:所有发明家都有活跃的想法。Exercises:(a)根据右边句子的词类确定其意义，翻译句子。1.it is not right for children to sit up late。孩子们睡得晚。(形容词)2.the plane was right above our heads .飞机就在我们头上。(副词)3.She seated me on her right。她让我坐在她右边。(名词)4.righting the economy will demand major cuts in expeenditure。恢复经济需要削减很多支出。(动词)(b)根据上下文和排列关系，确定划线部分的意思，翻译句子。1.He is illThat accounts for his absence。他病了，这是他缺席的原因。2.in this battle he accounted for five of the enemy。他在这场战争中消灭了五个敌人。3.I want you to account for every cent you spent。我希望你把花的所有钱都弄清楚。4.society is made up of people with widely differing abilities。社会是由具有很大不同能力的人组成的。5.they made up a bed on the sofa for the unexpected visitor。他们整理了沙发，使这位不速之客睡着。6.we have to drive fast to make up the hour we lost in Boston。我们不得不加快车速，以弥补在波士顿耽搁的时间。7.the foreign trade has risen to unpreceeded figures。对外贸易的数字实现了空前的增长。8.Eliot was one of the most revered figures in the world of learning .艾略特博士是学术界最受尊敬的人物之一。9.on the desk there was a bronze figure of Plato .书桌上有一尊柏拉图的铜像。10.he saw dim figures moving towards him。他隐约看见有人的影子在他面前移动。11.June was good at figure skating。琼擅长花样滑冰。(c)根据上下文和逻辑关系进一步扩展下划线单词翻译句子。1.there was no provocation for such an angry letter。写这种生气的信简直不可理喻。2.fatty s restaurrant had become an institution in his life in the last seven years .去派对餐厅吃饭在7年后成了他生活中的常事。3.the trunk was big and awkward and loaded with books。but his case was a different proposition。那个箱子大，体积大，包含了所有的书。但是他带的箱子是另一个。4.which hey ward still remembered with pride，was attended by a who s who of Boston society。波士顿的名人参加了婚礼，他想到这次婚礼仍然心满意足。5.the invention of machinery had brought into the world a new erathe industrial age . money had become。机器的发明使世界进入了新的时代，即工业时代，金钱成为支配一切的权威。(4)根据上下文决定划线部分的好坏，翻译句子。(。1.they predicted the youth would have a bright future。他们预言这个青年会有美好的未来。2.John was an aggressive sales man who did his job quite well。约翰是个积极肯干的推销员，他工作做得很好。3.Hitler pursued an aggressive policy after he seized power。希特勒夺取政权后，实行了侵略政策。4.汉斯was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most couriolus man he had ever seen .汉斯说这位老师是他见过的最有胆量的人。这种奉承太露骨了。5.brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lectiture。布朗老师被邀请发言时