(珍藏版)定语从句(含08高考真题)

TheAttributiveClause,语法复习系列一,Heisafamousscientist.2.Whosthatgirlinred?3.Ivereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句,关系词,连接作用,1.,2.,在从句中充当成分,后,关系词,1.,关系代词,2.,关系副词,1.,指人,2.,指物,3.,指某一情况；代表整个句子内容,that,who,whom,whose,that,which,whose,which,as,不能放于句首,放于句中或句首,“正如”,when,where,why,(主语/宾语),(状语),作定语,1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:all,something,anything,everything,等,只能用that做关系代词的情况,2.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,(little,few,no,any，every)等修饰时,3.当先行词既有指人、又有指物的名词时,4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,5.当先行词是疑问词who,what,which时。,6.关系代词在从句中作表语时。,在非限制性定语从句中；指物或情况,只能用which做关系代词的情况,2.在介词后面；指物或情况,Completethefollowingsentenceswith“that”or“which”.Thisisthe2ndarticle_IhavewritteninEnglish.2.Itisthebestfilm_hehaseverseen.3.Thisistheverybook_Iwanttoread.4.All_theytoldmesurprisedme.5.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools_theyhadvisited.,that,that,that,that,that,6.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof_hadntbeencleanedatleastayear.7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.8.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,through_hecouldseewhatwasgoingoninsidethehouse.,which,which,which,Whose指物时，可以与ofwhich等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：,Thisisthebook,thecoverofwhichofwhichthecoverwhosecover,isblue,whose,用来指人“.的”,Thatsthepainterwhoseworksarehighlyregarded.,高考定语从句考查点：一.关系代词与关系副词的区别二.介词+关系代词三.as与which的区别四.定语从句与其它易混句型,一.关系代词与关系副词的区别,1).a.Thereason_hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.b.Thereason_hegaveussoundedreasonable.2).a.Illneverforgettheday_wespenttogetherinParis.b.Illremembertheday_westayedtogether.,why,(which/that),when,(which/that),3).a.Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastyear?b.Isthisthehouse_Lincolnoncelived?c.Isthishouse_wevisited?d.Isthishouse_wewereborn?,(which/that),where,解题点拨:看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；若是作状语,就用where,when,why等关系副词；若是作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词that,which,whom,whose等。,theone(that),theonewhere,1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate6.Thisisthereason_hegave.,when/inwhich,which/that,where/inwhich,which/that,why/forwhich,that/which,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,关系代词?关系副词?,1)Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why2)Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when3)Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that4)York,_lastyear,isaniceoldcity.A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited,D,A,B,A,Letshaveatry,1).Thisisthereason_helefthishometown.2).Illneverforgettheday_westayedtogether3).Thisisthegirl_Ilearnedthenews.4).Thisisthegirl_istakengoodcare_inthehospital.5).Illshowyouastore_youmaybuyallthatyouneed.6).Idontliketheway_youlaughedather.,forwhich,/why,onwhich,/when,fromwhom,of,inwhich,/where,inwhich,/that,who,二.介词与关系代词,(),1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Theboss,_departmentIworked,isfriendly.,onwhich,forwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,inwhose,1.先行词为人,关系代词用whom;先行词为物,关系代词用which;2.还原法（把句子拆分成两句）来判断出用什么介词，也可以看出固定的动词短语,介词不能提前。3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：where,when,why=介词+which,解题点拨：,介词+which+名词引导的定语从句,HejoinedtheArmyin1956,_timehismotherdied.,Eveninwinter,Idontleavemyofficeuntil10.P.M,_timemostpeoplemayhavegonetobed.,Thereisnodoubtthathewillbelatethisafternoon,_casehellbepunished.,duringwhich,bywhich,inwhich,1.which的先行词可以是名词，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首;,2.as一般代替整个句子,从句可以放句首,句中或句尾,表示“正如”，“或像一样”。例如：asoftenhappens,asisknown,asissaid,asisoftenthecase,aseveryoneknows,asyoucansee,asweplanned,asweexpected,三.as与which的区别,当先行词被thesame修饰时，关系代词可用that,也可用as,但意义不同：,Thisisthesamebook(thatIlentyouyesterday).Thisisthesamebook(asIlentyouyesterday).,当先行词前有as,so,such,thesame修饰时,关系代词常用as构成asas;soas;suchas;thesameas固定搭配。,suchas与suchthat,Thisis_aheavybox(_Icantcarryit）.,Thisis_aheavybox（_Icantcarry）.,such,that,such,as,结果状语从句,定语从句,Thisissogoodabookthatwealllikeit.,Thisissogoodabookaswealllike.,ThisisasgoodabookasIhave.,as与which的区别,1).Themeeting,_washeldinthepark,wasagreatsuccess.2).Iwillreadasmanybooks_arerequired.3).Shehasmarriedagain,_wasunexpected4).Hecheatedhisfriendofmuchmoney,_wasverydisgraceful.5).Myglasses,without_Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.6)._isknowntousall,TaiwanisapartofChina.,which,which,which,which,As,as,1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_wereblackwithdiseases.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof_thereisapairofglassesb.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof_thereisapairofglasses,解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。,them,whom,which,him,四.定语从句与其它易混句型1.定语从句与并列句,2.定语从句与状语从句1).a.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.b.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.2).a.Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer_hecaneasilyfindit.b.Pleaseputtheletter_hecaneasilyfindit.,解题点拨:(1)状语从句中的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。(2)句which引导的是定语从句修饰名词drawer,而where引导的是地点状语修饰动词put。,that,as,/inwhich,where,where,3.定语从句与名词性从句1)a.Hedidall(that)hecouldtohelpme.2)a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.3)a._isknowntousall,theearthturnsroundthesun.b.Itisknowntousall_TaiwanbelongstoChina.c._isknowntousallisthattheearthissmallerthanthesun.,b.Hedidwhathecouldtohelpme.,b.Whatcanbedonehasbeendone.,As,that,What,4.定语从句与同位语从句1).a.Thenews_ourvolleyballteamwonthematchmadeusexcited.b.Thenews_hetoldmeyesterdayisexciting.2).a.Imadeapromise_ifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldmakehimveryrich.b.Themothermadeapromise_pleasedallherchildren.,that,(that/which),that/which,that,解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。,5.定语从句与强调句型1)a.Itisinthisroom_Ilivedlastyear.b.Itistheroom_Ilivedlastyear.2)a.Itwasatsevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.b.Itwassevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.,解题点拨：强调句型：Itis/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分;去掉Itis/was.that/who,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。,that,where,that,when,Step3.PracticeFillintheblankswithrelatives:,1)Hestilllivesinthehouse_windowfacestothesouth.2)Hestilllivesinthehouse_thewindowfacestothesouth.3)Hestilllivesinthehouseand_windowfacestothenorth.4)Hestilllivesinthehouse_isinthenorthofthecity.,whose,ofwhich,that/which,its,5)Hestilllivesinthehouse_hewasborn.6)Isthishouse_hevisitedlastyear?7)Isthishouse_hewasborn?8)Isitinthishouse_hewasborn?9)Isthisthehouse_hevisitedlastyear?10)Isthisthehouse_hewasborn?,where,theone,where/theonewhere,that,建议：仔细审题，找到突破口。,that/which,where/inwhich,Thisisthehouse_hewasborn.,Thishouseis_hewasborn.,Weareliving_hewasborn.,where/inwhich,where,where,Findthemistakesandcorrect:,1.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.2.Thisistheveryplacewherewevisitedmanyyearsago.3.Therearetenstudentsareplayingbasketballontheplayground.,that,who/that(或去掉are),as,1）错用、多用或漏用引导词；,8.Hangzhou,wherewespentlastspringthere,isoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.,10.HeisjustthemanwhomIoftenturnforhelp.,2）定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉。,to,3）定语从句中介词的错用或漏用。,12.SheistheonlyoneofthegirlsinourclasswhohavebeentotheUnitedStates.,4).定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致,has,Multiplechoices:,1.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_peopleexpected.(00上海）A.likeB.asC.thatD.which2._isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(04北京）A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What3.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.(04天津）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which,4._isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.(04江苏）A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As5.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.(04辽宁）A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat6.Thegentleman_youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.(00上海春招）A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom,7.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.(00上海）A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose8.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.(04广西）A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich9.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.(04上海）A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom,10.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_leadingactorisworld-famous?(01上海）A.itsB.itsC.whoseD.which11.Luckily,wedbroughtaroadmapwithout_wewouldhavelostourway.(04北京）A.itB.thatC.thisD.which12.Anyway,thatevening,_Illtellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachelsplace.(04浙江）A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which,13.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(02上海春招）A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained14.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars_roadconditionsneed_.(03上海)A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving15.Itistheabilitytodothejob_mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.(00全国)A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it,08高考定语从句,1._isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which（2008福建）2.Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_appearedararerainbowsoon.（2008福建）A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich3.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2008陕西卷)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich,4.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.（2008重庆）A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when5.TheScienceMuseum,_wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondonstouristattractions.（2008江苏卷）A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where6.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiver_MarkTw