英语国家概况(1)课程第3次形成性考核答案与讲评

英语国家概况（1）课程形成性考核题 英语国家概况（1）课程第3次形成性考核答案与讲评 （Unit 11-20）I. True or False: Ireland Unit 11 Land, People and History (T) 01. When referring to Ireland, people mean either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland, a province of Great Britain. (Unit 11) (F) 02. The area covering the republic of Ireland is ten times of that of Northern Ireland. (Unit 11) The area covering the republic of Ireland is five times of that of Northern Ireland. (T) (T) 03. After the Great Famine, there was a rapid decline of population and many Irish people immigrated to other countries. (Unit 11) (T) 04. The Republic of Ireland is a young country with more than half of the people under the age of 25. (Unit 11) (F) 05. The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean the Republic of Ireland. (Unit 11) The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. (T) Unit 12 Politics and Economy (F) 06. In Ireland, the president is the Head of State and has executive power. (Unit 12) In Ireland, the president is only a symbolic Head of State and does not have executive power. (T) (T) 07. The Irish Parliament is responsible of making laws, and the Senate only has the power of making recommendations. (Unit 12) (T) 08. The highest in ranking in the Irish legal system is the High Court, which has full jurisdiction and powers in all matters of law. (Unit 12) (T) 09. Ireland has an open and trade-dependent economy. (Unit 12) (F) 10. Ireland joined the EU in 1991. (Unit 12) Ireland joined the EU in 1971. (T) Unit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live Now (F) 11. The obvious change over the past decades is the rise of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. (Unit 13) The obvious change over the past decades is the decline of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. (T) (T) 12. The Catholic Church is opposed to abortion and divorce in Ireland. (Unit 13) (F) 13. Traditionally, Ireland was an urban and industrial culture. (Unit 13) Traditionally, Ireland has been a rural and agricultural culture. (T) (T) 14. Today free education provided by the Irish government covers all public universities, as is common in most of the countries of Europe. (Unit 13) (T) 15. After 1960s, the participation in second level education rose from 45% to 90%. (Unit 13) Unit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts (T) 16. The Great Famine lasted from 1845 to 1848 in Ireland. (Unit 14) (F) 17. Most Irish people now generally speak Irish. (Unit 14) Most Irish people now do not generally speak Irish. (T) (T) 18. Ireland has a traditional culture which has derived from its rich folk heritage. (Unit 14) (F) 19. Ireland is noted for its visual culture compared with its literature and music. (Unit 14) Ireland is not very noted for its visual culture compared with its literature and music. (T) (T) 20. The most natively Irish game or sport is hurling. (Unit 14) AustraliaUnit 15 The Land and People of the Dreaming (F) 21. In terms of its size, Australia is the largest continent and the smallest island in the world. (Unit 15) In terms of its size, Australia is the largest island and the smallest continent in the world. (T) (F) 22. Dreaming is shared by all the Australian people about how the features of their land were created. (Unit 15) Dreaming is shared by the members of an indigenous group about how the features of their land were created. (T) (T) 23. Dreaming helps the indigenous people to survive in the harsh environment of the desert of Australia. (Unit 15) (T) 24. White sealers and pastoralists exploited the indigenous peoples knowledge of the land and created wealth for the colonizers. (Unit 15) (T) 25. The platypus, the kangaroo, the koala or wombat are animal that are unique to the continent of Australia. (Unit 15) Unit 16 Religion in Australia Today (T) 26. Protestantism has been the most dominant form of religion in Australia since 1788. (Unit 16) (T) 27. The Protestant ethic supports the Spirit of Capitalism and furthers its development. (Unit 16) (F) 28. The Catholic Church used to be the dominant religion in the better part of Australian history. (Unit 16) The Anglican Church used to be the dominant religion in the better part of Australian history. (T) (F) 29. The Jewish people have contributed much less than their share to the development of Australia society. (Unit 16) The Jewish people have contributed much more than their share to the development of Australia society. (T) (F) 30. The fist Muslims who came to Australia were gold diggers. (Unit 16) The fist Muslims who came to Australia were camel drivers. (T) Unit 17 From Penal Colony to “Free Migration” (T) 31. The European settlement in Australia started in 1788 is Sydney. (Unit 17) (F) 32. Convicts wives in England were encouraged from following their husband to Australia. (Unit 17) Convicts wives in England were discouraged from following their husband to Australia. (T) (T) 33. The convict husbands of free wives could be assigned to work for their own families as ticket-of- leave servants. (Unit 17) (T) 34. Francis Greenaway was an emancipist who designed some fine buildings in Sydney. (Unit 17) (F) 35. Mr. Peeks story shows the scarcity of resources in the colony. (Unit 17) Mr. Peeks story shows capitalisms inability to retain labourers. (T) Unit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic Society (T) 36. The Australian political system follows the western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American experience. (Unit 18) (T) 37. It is generally acknowledged that the Prime Minister and the Cabinet at the federal level is the centre of Australian parliamentary power. (Unit 18) (T) 38. Laws of the State should be changed if they dont agree with the federal laws. (Unit 18) (T) 39. Many migrants poured into Australia during the 1850s. As a result, the Australian population increased by 50% in that decade. (Unit 18) (F) 40. The Governor-General is the real head of the Cabinet in Australia. (Unit 18) The Governor-General is the formal head of the executive branch of the government in Australia. (T) Unit 19 Bureaucratic Power and Whistle-Blowers (T) 41. The Elite Theory mainly focuses on the role of the executive and the citizenry. (Unit 19) (F) 42. Government departments are under the authority of both the elected ministers and the Heads of Department. (Unit 19) Government departments are under the authority of both the elected ministers and the non-elected Heads of Department. (T) (T) 43. Generally speaking, the public servants of a government department do not change when the government changes. (Unit 19) (F) 44. Whistle-blowers are responsible officials. (Unit 19) Whistle-blowers are responsible citizens who supervise officials. (T) (F) 45. The whistle-blowing syndrome is characterized by a lack of investigation of the complaints externally. (Unit 19) The whistle-blowing syndrome is characterized by a lack of investigation of the complaints both internally and externally. (T) Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism (T) 46. Few non-British migrants benefited from assisted migration in Australia. (Unit 20) (F) 47. The Pacific Islanders were abducted to work in the sugar industry of New South Wales. (Unit 20) The Pacific Islanders were abducted to work in the sugar industry of Northern Queensland. (T) (T) 48. The original intention of the massive post-war immigration programme was to keep Australia “white and free”. (Unit 20) (F) 49. The One Nation Party complained that the government had paid too little attention to the welfare of the indigenous people and the development of Multiculturalism. (Unit 20) The One Nation Party complained that the government had paid too much attention to the welfare of the indigenous people and the development of Multiculturalism. (T) (T) 50. The Gurindji people strike at the Wave Hill cattle station, won support not only from the black community, but the white workers union as well. (Unit 20) II. Choose the best answer:IrelandUnit 11 Land, People and History 01.It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by _. (Unit 11)Key DA. the Vikings B. the Normans C. Brian Boru D. Saint Patrick 02.In 1541, _ declared to be the king of Ireland, the first English monarch to do so. (Unit 11)Key AA. Henry VII B. Queen Elizabeth C. William of Orange D. James II 03.Arthur Griffith developed a new political party in the period 1905-08 known as _. (Unit 11)Key C A. Irish Republican Brotherhood B. United Irishmen C. Sinn Fein D. Home Rule 04.In 1916 the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army staged a rebellion against British rule, recorded in history as _. (Unit 11)Key AA. the Easter Rising of 1916 B. the Home Rule campaign C. the Fenian Movement D. the national agrarian movement 05.After two years of independence war between 1919 and 1921, _ was signed. (Unit 11)Key AA. the Anglo-Irish Treaty B. the Home Rule bill C. the Act of Union D. the Treaty of Independence Unit 12 Politics and Economy 06.The daily business of the government is executed by the _. (Unit 12)Key A A. cabinet B. parliament C. senate D. Prime Minister 07.How long is the office term of the President of Ireland? (Unit 12) Key D A. 4 years. B. 5 years. C. 6 years. D. 7 years. 08.How many members does the Senate consist of? (Unit 12)Key B A. 60 B. 66 C. 106 D. 166 09.Up until 1970s the Irish economy was _. (Unit 12)Key AA. inward-looking B. trade-dependent C. based on services D. based on manufacturing 10.Under the constitution, the President of Ireland is elected by _. (Unit 12) Key C A. the majority of the Parliament and Senate B. the main party C. direct vote from Irish people D. indirect vote from Irish people Unit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live Now 11.What is the first official language of the Irish Republic? (Unit 13)Key B A. English B. Irish C. Celtic D. Gaelic 12.In the past _ years, Ireland has passed from being a traditional culture to a post industrial one, without any of the intervening state. (Unit 13)Key C A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40 13.In both Northern Ireland and the Republic, joining the _ has provided a larger, federal context which gives a more generous perspective on particular national difficulties. (Unit 13) Key DA. UK B. UN C. NATO D. EU 14.Now about _ of all children are born to single mothers. (Unit 13) Key B A. half B. a third C. two thirds D. a quarter 15.Where does an Irish meet friends and neighbours on an informal basis? (Unit 13) Key A A. In a public house. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. D. In working place. Unit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts 16.The death blow to the Irish language was _. (Unit 14)Key C A. the British colonial rule B. the independence of Ireland C. the Great Famine D. Irelands accession to the EU 17.The first Irish national state was set up _. (Unit 14)Key C A. in 1919 B. in 1920 C. in 1922 D. in 1949 18.In communication, the Irish value _ most. (Unit 14) Key D A. writing B. gesture C. eye contact D. talk 19.In Ireland, writers can publish their works _. (Unit 14)Key C A. only in Irish B. only in English C. either Irish or English D. neither Irish nor English 20.Among the following writers, which is not Irish according to the claim of Ireland? (Unit 14)Key A A. Charles Dickens B. Jonathan Swift C. Bernard Shaw D. Oscar Wilde Australia Unit 15 The Land and People of the Dreaming 21.Which of the following is NOT a native Australian animal? (Unit 15) Key A A. Sheep. B. Wombat. C. Koala. D. Kangaroo. 22.80% of Australians population lives _. (Unit 15) Key C A. in the north, east and southwest of the country B. in the eastern, central and western areas of the country C. in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the country D. in the northern, eastern and western hills of the country 23.According to the Dreaming, _. (Unit 15)Key D A. people should exploit the land as much as they can B. the land belongs to people who cultivate it C. the land is the creator of people D. people are a part of the land 24.When did the British take over the continent of Australia and declare it “terra nullius”? (Unit 15)Key D A. In the 15th century. B. In the 16th century.C. In the 17th century. D. In the late 18th century. 25.Australias practice of racial segregation was similar to that of _. (Unit 15)Key C A. Portugal and the U.S. B. Holland and South Africa C. South Africa and the U.S.D. Portugal and Holland Unit 16 Religion in Australia Today 26.Which of the following religions has an “elective affinity” with capitalism? (Unit 16) Key D A. Buddhism B. JudaismC. Islam D. Protestantism 27.Which of the following has the demographic supremacy in Australia today? (Unit 16)Key C A. The Anglican Church B. The secularism C. Catholicism D. Buddhism 28.Which of the following is NOT a part of the Protestant value system? (Unit 16)Key A A. Self-indulgence. B. Rationalism. C. Asceticism. D. Individualism. 29.The relationship between the Dreaming and Protestantism in terms of human-nature relations is _. (Unit 16)Key B A. compatible B. contrasting C. similar D. complementary 30.Which of the following was NOT an important force in forming Australian unionism? (Unit 16) Key B A. Working class Protestants. B. Fundamentalists. C. Catholics. D. Secularists. Unit 17 From Penal Colony to “Free Migration” 31.Which of the following was established as free colony? (Unit 17)Key A A. Western Australia B. New South Wales C. Tasmania D. Queensland 32.Emancipists were _. (Unit 17) Key D A. magistrates B. pastoralists C. retired officials D. ex-convicts 33.Which of the following became the most successful ex-convict businesswoman? (Unit 17)Key B A. Elizabeth Ruse B. Mary Reiby C. Ann Evans D. Margret McDonald 34.The Wakefield Scheme was implemented most thoroughly in _. (Unit 17)Key C A. Queensland B. New South Wales C. South Australia D. Victoria 35.The “Currently children” were _ than their peers in England. (Unit 17) Key D A. weaker and paler B. better educated C. poorer D. less criminal Unit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic Society 36.Which of the following helped to increase the population of Australia significantly? (Unit 18) Key C A. The long wool boom. B. The Second World War. C. The gold rush. D. The minimum wage. 37.Which of the following was NOT source of migrants for the post-World War II assisted migration to Australia? (Unit 18)Key A A. The Middle East. B. Britain C. Southern Europe D. Eastern Europe 38.The rise of the unemployment rate in 1970s was caused by _. (Unit 18)Key B A. fierce competition between Australian manufacturers B. lowering of the tariff system C. massive immigration programme D. control of foreign exchange dealings 39.Which of the following has the biggest decline in its share of Australias export? (Unit 18) Key B A. The mineral industry B. The rural sector C. The manufacturing industry D. Higher education 40.Which of the following has happened in Australian economy? (Unit 18)Key A A. Tariff rates have lowered B. The centralized wage system have been abolished C. The foreign exchange markets have been brought under state control. D. Work migration to Australia has been made easier. Unit 19 Bureaucratic Power and Whistle-Blowers 41.Which of the following is used to describe the mass in the Elite Theory of power? (Unit 19) Key C A. Responsible. B. Well-informed. C. Politically passive. D. Indifferent. 42.It was believed before 1980s that _ should play the central role in the promotion and maintenance of the social prosperity. (Unit 19) Key A A. the government B. the private business C. the bureaucrats D. the citizens 43.What advantage do the Heads of Departments have over the elected ministers? (Unit 19) Key C A. They are free from political power struggle. B. They are better-educated. C. They have the specialist expertise in relevant field. D. They are supported by a large bureaucracy of experts. 44.Which of the following describe the changes in ministerial bureaucratic relationships after 1980s? (Unit 19)Key B A. Demonisation of the ministerial roles. B. Politicisation of the public service. C. Neutralisation of the bureaucracy.D. Marginalization of the Heads of Department. 45.Closer ties between the Government and the Opposition may have negative impact on _. (Unit 19)Key D A. the funding to public service B. the relationship between the Government and the Opposition C. the performance of the Parliament D. the quality of the advice to the government Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism 46.According to the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, all migrants to Australia had to take _. (Unit 20