2010高考英语《语法》课件01《状语从句》

2010高考英语语法专题复习系列课件,01状语从句,定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。,同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,状语从句一般分为九大类,状语从句类别:,时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句,1.时间状语从句：,引导时间状语从句的连词有：,when,while,as,themoment,before,after,till,until,since,assoonas等。,请注意when,while,as的区别,When-当时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。,WhenIopenedthewindow,Isawhimcomeup.,WhenIhavetime,Iwillgotoseeyou.,WhenIcamehome,Imetanoldschoolmateofmine.,Hesaidhewouldtellheraboutitwhenhesawher.,*注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。,When-正在的时候，突然。通常主句是进行时或beaboutto时，在翻译的时候，when可以译成没想到或突然。,Iwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenImethim.,Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.,Oneevening,littleHanswassittingnearthefirewhenheheardaloudknockatthedoor.,When当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。,SomeoneknockedatthedoorwhenIwashavingbreakfast.,WhenIwasleavingthehouse,thepostmanarrived.,Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.,When=after,While-在期间，往往指一段时间。,WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.,Whileweweretalking,hecamein.,Strikewhiletheironishot.,While-表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。,Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.,Thesoldierfacesthepowderwhilethebeautypowdertheface.,WhileIamwashingthefloor,youcanbecleaningthewindows.,As-一边一边,随着,Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.,Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.,As-当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。,AsIwasgoingout,itbegantorain.,IsawMaryasshewasgoingonthebus.,Ashewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.,SomeonepattedmeontheshoulderasIwasstandingbeforetheshopwindow.,Themoment-一就=assoonas,immediately,-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?,-Yes,IgaveherthemomentIsawher.,Notuntil-直到才,Hedidntleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.,=Helefttheofficewhenhefinishedthework.,Notuntil可以和when互换,Before-在之前,Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts.,Didyouworkasastewardessbeforeyoucometothiscompany?,ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.,(Itwas/willbebefore是常用句型),HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.,After-在之后,Thecustomerlefttheticketcounterafterhehadaquarrelwiththeticketagent.,Theplanetookoffaftertheairtrafficcontrollergaveclearance.,Since-自从,通常主句用现在完成时,IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.,Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot.,Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.,(Itis/hasbeensince是常用句型）,Assoonas-一就,Jackwenttoschoolassoonashegotwell.,IllringyouupassoonasIgetananswerfromhim.,Nosoonerthan-一就,Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.,nosoonerthan用于句首要求倒装,Hardlywhen,Scarcelywhen,Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.,Once-一但就,Everytime,eachtime每次whenever每当,Eachtimehecametotown,hewouldvisitourschool.,Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelpus.,2.条件状语从句,引导状语从句的连接词有:,If,unless,aslongas,incase,providedthat,onconditionthat,If-如果,Ifyoudonthurryup,youwillmisstheplane.,Ifitsnowstomorrow,theflightwillbecanceled.,Ifyouleaveat6oclocktomorrowmorning,youdbettergettobednow.,Unless-如果不,除非=ifnot,Wecantgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight,=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedontbooktheearliestflight.,Donttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou.,Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind.,Aslongas-只要,Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeepontrying.,Youcantplaygamesaslongasyouremembertherules.,Amanisnotoldaslongasheisseekingsomething.,As(so)faras-据所知,AsfarasIknow,hespeaksEnglishverywell.,As/SofarasIknow,heisanexpertonDNA.,Incase-假使,如果,Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains.,Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanydifficulty.,Providedthat如果,有时省略that,Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovidedthatitistakencareofcarefully.,Youcanbecomeastewardessprovidedthatyouareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation.,Onconditionthat-条件是,Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak.,ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.,注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。,Ifhearrivestomorrow,Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport.,Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday.,3.地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词:,Where,wherever,Where-在地方,Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.,Wherethathighbuildingstands,thereusedtobesomelow,desertedhouses.,Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.,Wherever-无论哪里,Hefollowsherwherevershegoes.,Whereveryouare,Iwillberighttherewaitingforyou.,4.原因状语从句,because,as,since,nowthat,和consideringthat,seeingthat这六个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱.,Because-因为,通常从句放在主句后.,MrSmithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldntfindhisluggage.,Hesaidthathecouldntworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder.,IsucceedbecauseIwilledit,Ineverhesitated.,IdoitbecauseIlikeit.,As-因为,通常放在句首,Asitisquitewindytoday,hedecides,Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.,Since-既然因语气较弱,常译为既然,Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.,Sincethepurserdidnttelluswhattodo,wecanrelax.,Nowthat-既然,Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.,Nowthatallairlinesofferdiscountprices,weshoulddothesame.,consideringthat-顾及到,Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.,seeingthat-由于,Seeing(that)quiteafewpeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.,5.结果状语从句,引导结果状语从句的连词有：,that,sothat,sothatsuchthat,Sothat-太以至于so后面应用形容词或副词,有时省略so只用that,Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb.,Theflightscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtolookonit.,Sothat-因而，以便，为了有时so可以省去,CanyoumoveyourluggagealittlebitawaysothatIcanputmineintheoverheadbintoo.,Speaklouderpleasesothatthepeopleatthebackcanhearyou.,Whenyouskinyourcustomers,youshouldleavesomeskinontogrowsothatyoucanskinthemagain.,Suchthat-太以至于用法与sothat相同，但such后面应用名词。,Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.,TheCanadianairlineshangarissuchahugebuildingthatitcanholdtwomedium-rangejetsatthesametime.,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:,that,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest,Letstakethefrontseats(so)thatwemayseemoreclearly.,(So)that-以便,从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等,inorderthat-为了,与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等,Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.,forfearthat-生怕;为了防止(某事发生),Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.,Theinstructoremphasizedontheissuethreetimesforfearthatthestudentsdidnotpayenoughattentiontotheproblem.,incase-万一,Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.,Youshouldbringadictionaryincaseyouneedit.,Pleasetakeanumbrellaincaseitrains.,Lest-以防万一,Themandecidedtotellhisbossthefactlesthewouldbeangrywithhim.,Themanageroftheworkshopaskedhisstafftoworkovertimelesttheywouldntfinishthetaskontime.,7.比较状语从句,引导比较状语从句的连词有：,Asas,notso(as)as,.than,themorethemore.,Asas-像一样,Ifyoudontwanttomisstheflight,youneedtobeattheairportasearlyaspossible.,Mygrandmatoldmethathereyesightwasasgoodas10yearsbefore.,Cultivationtothemindisasnecessaryasfoodforthebody.,Notso(as)as-不像,ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe.,Theflightwasnotso/asharmfulasthecaptainpredicted.,than-比怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more后面用形容词或副词,Peoplebelievethatbeingastewardessisbetterthanmostoftheotherjobs.,IpersonallythinkthattheAmericanmoviesaremoreinterestingthanChineseones,Abeautifulformisbetterthanabeautifulface;abeautifulbehavior(is)thanabeautifulform.,Themore,themore-越越,Themorehelistenedtothatsong,thelessheenjoyedit.,Themorethingsamanisashamedof,themorerespectableheis.,8.让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句的连词有：,Although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,nomatter,however,whatever,while,whether,Although,though-虽然although和though可以互换，但although常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。,Althoughitwasraining,theplanemanagedtotakeoff.,Althoughitwasnothisfault,hetookalltheblame.,Thoughhedidhisbest,hedidntsucceed.,Childthoughhewas,hedidquitewell.,As-尽管as引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though互换。,Busyasheis,henevermissesafootballmatch.,Hardassheworks,shemakeslittleprogress.,Evenif/eventhough-即使,Evenifyoudontlikeyourboss,youshoulddoyourwork.,Evenifyouarenotfondofflowers,youshouldntmissthechrysanthemumexhibition.,EventhoughImightbewrong,Iwillgomyway.,Eventhoughhisdeandidntmeanit,hestillfeltembarrassed.,However-不论，however引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装,Hecouldntgetthereontimehoweverfasthedrove.,Thefathercouldntmakehisdaughtersmilehoweverhardhetried.,Nomatter(what,when,where,how)-无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）,Theoldmanwouldntbelieveanythingnomatterwhatyousaid.,Pleasetellmetheresultnomatterwhenyougetit.,HewouldntforgivemenomatterhowhardIbeggedhim.,Iwillfindyounomatterwhereyouhide.,Whatever-不管,Whateverotherpeoplemaysay,shewontchangehermind.,Whateveryoudo,itwontaffectourplan.,While-尽管,WhileIhavesympathyforyou,Icanthelpyou.,Whileitsnoneofmybusiness,Iwillwatchyou.,Whether-不管，常与ornot连用,Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad.,Whetherhisproposalispracticalornot,thedepartmentplanstoadopt.,9.方式状语从句,方式状语从句常由:,as,asif,asthough,as-与一样,DoinRomeastheRomansdo.,Leavethingsastheyare.,asif,asthough-仿佛,由asif或asthough引导的从句中可用虚拟语气,Shestoodatthedoorasif(=asthough)shewerewaitingforsomeone.,1._youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess.A.IfB.WheneverC.UnlessD.Whatever,2.Itisfoolishtotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when,3.Illacceptanyjob,_Idonthavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.aslongas,4._problemsyouhave,youcanalwayscometomeforhelp.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which,5._muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter,6.-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once,7.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_grea