2013中考复习英语构词法

中考基础语法复习,英语单词记忆方法与技巧英语构词法知识,Word-formation构词法,构词法知识,Derivation派生法,Compound合成法,Conversion转化法,掌握基本的构词法知识，对于正确地识记单词，扩大词汇量，提高记忆速度和记忆效果，培养自学能力，具有非常重要的意义。,简略词,合成词,缩略词,Compound合成法,把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词的方法叫做合成法,合成法,1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。3.由两个分开的词构成。,方法,概念,一、合成法,1.合成名词newspaper,drivinglicensereading-room,handwriting,cowboy,horseback,greenhouse,back-yard,hiding-place,bathroom,温室,书法,躲藏处,浴室,马背,牛仔,后院,2.合成动词:upholdwhitewash,一、合成法,sunburn,blacklist,sleepwalk,day-dream,baby-sit,overeat,黑名单,白日梦,保姆,晒伤,梦游,吃过量,3.合成形容词:ready-made,time-saving,man-made,second-hand,一、合成法,dark-blue,good-looking,good-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded,six-inch-tall,four-legged,two-faced,冷血的,深蓝色的,四条腿的,两面的,中年的,相貌好看的,好脾气的,六英寸高的,4.合成代词:代词宾格或物主代词+self(selves)himself,ourselves某些不定代词+body(one,thing)everyone(everybody,everything),nobody(noone,nothing),一、合成法,转化法Conversion,转化法,概念,英语中有些单词,词形不变,词性却可以由一种转化成另一种。一个单词由某一种词类转用为另另一种词类,这就是转化。单词转换后的意义往往与未转换前的意义有密切的联系。,二、转化法,动词名词:Ittastesgood.v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.n.味道,由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性.,4.Therearemanybooksinhisstudy.,V.喝,n.饮料,v.学习,n.书房,1.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?,2.Orangeisafruit,itsalsoadrink,3.Theharderyoustudy,themoreprogressyouwillmake.,二、转化:,(2)名词动词:Letsgohandinhand.n.手Pleasehandinyourexercisebooksafterclass.V.上交,由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性.,n.电话,v.打电话,n.脸,v.面对,1.CouldIhaveyourtelephone?,2.Hesaidhewouldtelephoneyoulater.,3.Herfaceturnsred.,4.IllfeelnervouswhenIfacestrangers.,二、转化:,(3)形容词动词:Herroomiscleanandtidy.adj.干净的Shecleansherroomeveryday.v.打扫,由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性.,1.Pleaseopenthedoor.,3.Theshoesdidntfitme.,(v.打开),2.Itshothere.Weshouldmakethedooropen.,(adj.开着的),(v.适合),4.Theovercoatisverybright.Itsnotfittome.,(adj.适合的),派生法Derivation,前缀,后缀,happy-_happy,un,ment,develop-develop_,由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另外一个词。,概念,unluckily,Prefix,Stem,Suffix,Tochangethemeaningoftheword,Tochangethespeech(词性)oftheword,词根,前缀,后缀,常见的否定前缀,否定前缀加在一个词的前面就完全改变或否定了这个词的原来意义。,其他关系的前缀,名词的后缀,表示人和物的名词后缀,后缀为-ion的名词,形容词后缀,副词后缀,数词后缀,简略词,合成词,缩略词,指缩写词,examexaminationplaneaeroplanead.advertisementmathsmathematics,把两个词某部分联合起来合成为一个新词,smoke+fog=smoghelicopter+airport=heliport,指首字母缩略词,TVtelevisionTOEFLTestofEnglishAsAForeignLanguagePLAthepeoplesliberationArmyofChina,Practice(II):,rain(形容词)_agree(反义)_nation(形容词)_farm(人)_recent(副词)_friend(形容词)_hope(形容词)_back(副词)_visit(名词)_home(形容词)_eight(序数词)_true(名词)_America(形容词)_China(形容词)_,按括号内的要求改写下列单词,rainy,national,recently,hopeful,visitor,eighth,American,disagree,farmer,friendly,backwards,homeless,truth,Chinese,1.Thatmanwas_enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohis_isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death3.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima_.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemistD.physician4.Thethree-_chairisntsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.legedleggedadj有腿的,5.Whatareyoudoinghere?Oh,myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout_inEnglish.Youcanwrite_passageinEnglish?A.600wordss;600-wordsB.600-word;a600-wordsC.600words;a600-wordD.600words;a600-words6.The_orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement7.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe_newsaboutIraqWar?A.LatelyB.latestC.laterD.latter.后面的,8.Canadaismainlyan_country.A.English-speakingB.speak-EnglishC.spoken-EnglishD.English-spoken9.How_heis!Heisalwaysacting_.Heisreallya_.A.foolish;foolishly;foolB.fool;foolish;foolC.foolish;fool;foolD.foolishly;foolish;fool10.16.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin_.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longing,11.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheir_bravely.fr