Henry_Fielding亨利菲尔丁简介.ppt

胡玉妍2011级地理科学本,HenryFielding,AnintroductiontoFielding,thegreatestnovelistofthe18thcenturyandisoneofthemostartisticthatEnglishliteraturehasproduced.aversatileman:anovelist,adramatist(26plays),anessayist,apoliticalpamphleteer,alearnedauthorityonlawandanableandefficientmagistrateandapoliticaleconomist,Education,borninanoldaristocratic（贵族）familyandstudiedforsixyearsatthefamousEton(伊顿)schoolandtookadegreeattheUniversityofLeyden（雷顿）inHolland.,ExperienceHefirsttriedhisluckatplaywritingandturnedout26playsduring9years(1729-37),andbecamethemostsuccessfulplaywrightofthetime.Hewroteplays,farces滑稽剧andbuffooneries滑稽forthestagewithpoliticalandsocialsatire.Fieldingmercilesslyexposedthecorruption,hypocrisyandcrueltyoftheofficials.,Hisplayswasapplaudedbythepublicbuthatedbythegovernment.In1737whenthepoliticalcensorshipoftheLicensingActwentintoeffect,histheatricalcareercametoanend.HebegantotakeuplawandwasadmittedtotheBarattheMiddleTemplein1740.Hewasmadeajudgein1748.ThenFieldingbeganhisnovelwritingbyattackingRichardson.In1742hepublishedhisfirstnovelTheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews,Thiswasfollowedbyanothernovel,TheLifeofMr.JonathanWildtheGreat.In1749,appearedhismasterpiece,TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling,twoyearslater:hislastnovel,Amelia.Inhisnovels,Fieldingcontinuedtoexposeandfightagainstsocialevilsofhistime.Hislateryearsweredevotedtothedutiesasamagistrate.Heworkedveryhard.Hishealthfailed.In1754hediedinLisbon,Portugal.,WritingStyle,Hisstyleiseasy,unlaboredandfamiliar,butextremelyvividandvigorous.Hissentencesarealwaysdistinguishedbylogicandmusicalrhythm;thestructuresarealwayswellbalancedandcarefullyplanned.Hislanguageisremarkable.,FieldingsNovels,(1)“Theloveofseveralmasks几种假面具下的爱情(1728)(2)JosephAndrews约瑟夫安德鲁斯的经历(1742)(3)JonathanWildtheGreat大伟人乔纳森魏尔德(1743)(4)TomJones汤姆琼斯(1749)(5)Amelia阿米丽亚(1751)(6)LisbonnavigationDiary里斯本航海日记（1754）,FieldingasaPlaywright,（1）TheWelshOpera威尔斯歌剧(1731)（2）DonQuixoteinEngland唐吉诃德在英国(1734)（3）Pasqin巴斯昆(1736)（4）TheHistoricalRegisterfortheYear1736一七三六年历史记事(1737)Fieldingsdramatictheoryandpracticewereinconformitywiththetheoryof“areturntonature”andtheprinciplethatthestageshouldbe“aschoolofmorality”intheEnlightenment(启蒙运动)period.,TomJonesisFieldingthemostmatureartisticmasterpiece,isalsoalandmarkBritishnovelhistorymasterpiece.,TomJones,TomJonesoriginalisabastard,andwasalocalgentlemanacceptforadoptedson.Afterhegrowsuphepreferoutstanding,Drewmuchgentlemanglad.Buthessoboldandunconstrained,romantic,adventure,first,adaughterofplantationownerswithneighboringSophialover,isplayedwhenthirdpartyhasaferventthanPhilintervention-cousin,twopeoplesjealousnessborne.Tomandhewasflirtingwithshepherdesssaylove.Theboringlife,andstrictrulesandgossip,makeTomthinkcannolongerstayinthecountry,heisambitioustodecidetogotoLondongetsacareer.汤姆琼斯原是一个私生子，后被当地一绅士收为养子。他长大后才貌出众，颇得绅士欢喜。但他性情豪放，向往浪漫、冒险的生活，先是跟邻近一庄园主的女儿索菲娅相好，正打得火热时却有个第三者表弟比菲尔介入，两人争风吃醋。汤姆于是又跟牧羊女调情说爱了无聊的生活、严厉的家规加上流言蜚语，使汤姆觉得再也不能呆在乡下了，他野心勃勃地决定到伦敦去大干一番事业。,TomJonesplotorganizationperformanceintheauthorshighlyart.TomJonesalthoughplotcomplexnumerous,buttheauthor,characters,delicate,hierarchyinlayoutinanorderlyway.Inthestory,character,increasingtheplotappearscompact.汤姆琼斯在情节的组织方面表现了作者的高度的艺术技巧。汤姆琼斯虽然情节复杂，人物众多，但作者布局精巧，层次井然，有条不紊。在故事的发展中，人物出现越多，情节越趋紧凑。,appreciationNovel,NovelsinadditiontoJonesandSuFeiyasuccessivelyrunawaysplotasthecenter,describesallkindsofsportingeventsoutside,alsodescribessomeincidentalstoryandcharacters.Ifthepitiless1691Christiansinthemountainsoftherecluse,pessimistic,gypsylife,therelationshipbetweenthecouples,thelowmansrelationshipwithNevillecourtfamilyfathertocontradictionsetc.GailThesestoriesandcharacters