2015届高考英语总复习之定语从句

2014年高考英语定语从句真题,安徽卷Theexactyear_AnglelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.AwhenBwhereCwhyDWhich2.北京卷IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek，_myclassmatesrecommendedtome.AwhoBwhichCwhenDWhere3.福建卷Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities_theycangainexperienceforgrowth.AwhoBwhenCwhichDWhere4.湖南卷Iamlookingforwardtotheday_mydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.asB.whyC.whenD.where5.江苏卷Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork_agoodimpressionisamust.AwhichBWhenCasDwhere,D,B,D,C,D,6.江西卷Amongthemanydangers_sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.whichB.whatC.whereD.when7.山东卷Acompany_profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.AwhichBwhoseCwhoDwhy8.陕西卷Pleasesendusalltheinformation_youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.thatB.whichC.asD.what9.四川卷Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,_isquiteunexpected.AthatBWhichCwhoDIt10.天津卷Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,_usesitdifferently.A.allofwhichB.eachofwhichC.allofthemD.eachofthem,A,B,A,B,B,11.浙江卷Ididntbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，_Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.AwhenBwhereCwhichDWhy12.重庆卷Wellreachthesalestargetsinamonth_wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what,A,A,规则一定语从句关系词的选择1whose用来指人或物，在定语从句中只作定语。,Childrenwhoarenotactiveorwhosedietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(北京卷)很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。Theoldtemplewhoseroofwasdamagedinastormisnowunderrepair.(陕西卷)在暴风雨中房顶严重受损的庙宇正在维修。,2who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。,IvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwhoImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.(湖南卷)我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。,Youllfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstationwhichyoucanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.(上海卷)在公共汽车站你会发现有出租车在那里等，你可以租一辆去主人家里。Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomethingthatwassomeoneelsesfault.(全国卷)我拒绝因别人的过错而承担责任。,3which,that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。,Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersisterwhereshewouldstayforanhour.(江西卷)小女孩准备在培训中心与她的妹妹一起上钢琴课，在那里她可以呆一小时。ThereasonwhyIdonttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。,4关系副词when,where,why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。,Rememberthatthereisstillonepointwhichwemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。Shesinahopelesssituation,wherewewillkeepaverycloseeyeonher.她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切注意她。,先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。,小贴士,在定语从句中，theway是一个比较特殊的先行词，当它在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是inwhich,that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。Thewaythat/whichIthoughtoftosolvethisproblemprovestobepractical.(先行词作宾语)我想到的解决这个问题的方法证明是可行的。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich)yousolvetheproblem.(先行词作方式状语)我不喜欢你解决问题的方法。,5theway后面定语从句的关系词,JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.(湖南卷)Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有这三门语言她都说得很流利。Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大树。,规则二“介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句,1在“介词关系代词”结构中，介词的宾语只能是which或whom且不可省略。,Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichtolive.那个可怜的人没有房子住。RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,thepriceofwhich(whoseprice)wasveryreasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。,3“ofwhich/whom”表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose),2“介词which/whom不定式”结构。,用在thesame.as，such.as，as.as，so.as结构中，as可以作主语、宾语或表语，可以用来代替先行词。TheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as作主语)Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)Heisnotthesamemanashewas.他和过去不同了。(as作表语),规则三as,which引导的定语从句1as引导的定语从句,(1)such.as.(定语从句)像那样such.that.(状语从句)如此以至于ThisissuchaneasyquestionasIcananswer.(定语从句)这是一个我能回答的简单问题。ThisissuchaneasyquestionthatIcananswerit.(状语从句)这是个简单的问题，我能回答。,小贴士,(2)thesame.as.表示相似的东西thesame.that.表示同一人或物ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。ThisisthesameknifethatIlost.这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。,(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，即可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,whichturnedouttobeawisedecision.(四川卷)大学毕业后我抽出一部分时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的选择。,2关系代词as,which的区别,(2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(名词性从句)Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(名词性从句)众所周知，月球每月绕地球一次。,(3)as意为“正如”，后面的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report,announce等；which意为“这一点”。Awarissocruelthatitalwayscausesgreatlosses,ashashappenedinLibya.战争是如此的残酷以致于总是带来巨大损失，正如利比亚所发生的事情一样。Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmeveryhappy.汤姆进步很快，这使我很高兴。,规则四分隔式定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有时候也会被插入语、同位语、状语、谓语或其他定语等成分分隔。如果是隔开了的定语从句，则要先根据句意找到先行词，然后再进行句子结构分析。Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregonewhenlocal5starhotelscharged6，000yuanforonenight.(江苏高考)由于金融危机，当地五星级宾馆一晚索价6000元的日子一去不复返了。,OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。,8几个特殊的定语从句句型：(1)Isthisplace_wevisitedyesterday?Isthistheplace_wevisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whereD.what,(2)Hestoodatthewindow,fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening.他站在窗户旁，从那里他能看到发生的事情。(fromwherefromatthewindow,所以用fromwhere表示。)对比Hestoodatthewindow,fromwhichhecouldseewhatwashappening.(本句为错句，因为从窗户上看不到发生的事情。),(3)Itmayrain,inwhichcasethematchwillbeputoff.如果下雨，这种情况下，比赛要推迟。对比Itmayrain,inthatcase,thematchwillbeputoff.(本句为错句，因为itmayrain为一