2015年中考英语动词不定式复习

Theinfinitive动词不定式,常收中学：张浩,1.用作主语,1.TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.,2.Togoabroadishisdream.,3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.,（通常在句首加上形式主语it）,ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.,Itishisdreamtogoabroad.,Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.,一，不定式构成：(not)to+do(动词原形),二，动词不定式的用法：,2.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.常见短语有：needtodolearntodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodoagreetodo,3.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo),Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Hermothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.常见的可以带不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wantsbtodosthwishsbtodosthgetsbtodosthordersbtodosthlikesbtodosthwouldlikesbtodosthhelpsbtodosthasksbtodosthtellsbtodosthteachsbtodosthwarnsbnottodosthencouragesbtodosth,常见的带省去to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,See,look,watch,listen,hear,feel,notice,make,let,help例：Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.但是在被动语态中省去的to要补上来例：Thebossmadetheworkersworktwelvehoursaday.-Theworkersweremadetoworktwelvehoursaday.,4.用作状语(adverbial)：,Iamgladtoseeyou.（原因）ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.,(目的),（结果）,5.用作表语,Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.,Herjobistolookafterthepatients.,Mywishistobeascientist.,6.用作定语,Givemesomethingtodrink.,Ihavetwobookstoread.,Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?,（若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）,Heaskedforaroomtolivein.,Idonthaveapentowritewith.,Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.,Heboughtatoytoplaywith.,7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.,Idontknowwhattodo.,Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.,Thequestioniswho(m)toask.,(主语),(宾语),(宾语补足语),(表语),比较（Compare）,Idontknowwhattodo.Idontknowhowtodoit.Idontknowwhattodoaboutit.,含动词不定式的句型:,Itis+adj+forsb+todosth.,Have(no)timetodosth,think/find+it+adj.+todosth.,Ittakes/tooksb.+时间+todosth.,Itisveryniceofyoutodosth.,Wouldyouliketodosth,常见的不带to的句型:,hadbetterdonotdosth.Willyoupleasedosthnotdosth.,WouldratherdosththandosthLetsdosth.Whynotdosth.,常用的只带doing的词:,keepdoingenjoydoingpractisedoingfinishdoingminddoingHowwhataboutdoing,bebusydoingspend(in)doingsuggestdoingpreferdoingtodoingbeworthdoing介词+doing,常用的只带动词不定式todo的词:,【考点二】,wanttodowouldliketodoagreetododecidetodorefusetodolearntodotootodoadj.+enoughtodo,常用的既带todo,又带的doing的词:,begintodobegindoing,forgettodoforgetdoing,remembertodorememberdoing,stoptodostopdoing,continuetodocontinuedoing,还有hope,wish,afford,offer,fail,plan,Promise等,Exercises:,1.-Youvedoneverywellthistime.-Itsreallykind_.A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingsoC.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseoneslifethan_.A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.losinghisspiritC.toloseonesspiritD.yourspiritgettinglost,C,C,3.Icantworkinthisway.-Whynot_itinsomeotherway?A.trytodoB.trydoingC.tryingtodoD.tryingdoing4.Sinceyoufinditdifficult_adecision,youdbetteradiscussion(讨论)withyourparents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.toreach;have,B,D,5.Myfatherhates(痛恨)_.Heneverallowsme_.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke6.Thegirlwasbeginning_.A.getangryB.togetangryC.gettingangryD.angry,D,B,7.Thereisntanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.whattochooseD.tochoosewhich8.Thebagistooheavyforme_.A.tocarryitB.nottocarryitC.tocarryD.nottocarry9.Theteacherwillteachhim_.A.touseB.useitC.howtouseitD.uses,B,C,C,找出句子中的不定式，并说出作用：,Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.Ihopetoseeh