2015届中考英语语法被动语态专题复习

被动语态,2013年中考专项复习,Passivevoice,中考说明：,掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和带有can，may，must等情态动词的被动语态的构成和基本用法。,学习目标,一.掌握被动语态的用法二.掌握如何将主动语态变成被动语态,三.变被动语态时须注意哪些问题,一.英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态,A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾语是谓语动词的对象。B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作的对象)。被动语态的谓语核心构成:助动词be动词过去分词,什么时候要用被动语态呢？在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态,观察下列句子并总结.1.Manytreesarecutdown.2.Wasteisthrownaway.3.Theairispolluted.4.Wastewaterispouredintorivers.5.Wildanimalsarekilled,Sumupthesimilarity(共同点):,一般现在时的被动语态:,am/is/are+过去分词,Exercise:,Thebottle_(fill)withhotwater.瓶子里装满了热水。2.Cameras_(use)fortakingphotos.相机是用来照相的.3.Theclassroomisverycleanandit_(clean)byuseveryday.4.Thetoysinthesupermarket_(make)inChina.5.Beijingisabeautifulcityandit_(visit)bymanypeopleeveryyear.ANSWERS:1._2._3._4._5._,观察下列句子并总结.1.ThevegetableswerecutbyTed.2.ThefoodwascookedbyLily.3.ThedisheswerewashedbyLily.4.ThetablewaswipedbyTed.5.Thekitchenwascleanedbythemtwo.,Sumupthesimilarity:,一般过去时的被动语态:,was/were+过去分词,Exercise:,1.Anewmachine_(invent)lastmonth.2.They_(ask)aquestionbytheteacheryesterday.3.Thebook_(write)byGuoJinminglastyear.4.Ourschoolhasalonghistory.Andit_(build)in1958.5.Manystudents_(send)toAmericatostudybyourschoollastyear.,ANSWERS:1._2._3._4._5._,观察下列句子并总结.1.Somenewbuildingswillbebuiltsoon.2.Moreimportantmeetingswillbeheldhere.3.Itwillbevisitedbymanypeople.4.Itwillbelovedbymoreandmorepeople.5.Webelieveitwillbeknownbythepeopleallovertheworld.,Sumupthesimilarity:,1.Theletter_(post)tomorrow.这封信明天将被寄走.2.Anewfilm_(show)nextweek.3.Thehardwork_(finish)tomorrowandthenwellhaveatwo-dayoff.4.Aparty_(hold)forgrandmasbirthdaynextweek.5.Shehasmovedtothenewbuilding.Heroldhouse_(sell)soon.,一般将来时的被动语态:,will+be+过去分词,Practice:,ANSWERS:1._2._3._4._5._,RulesfortheChemistryLab1.Noeatinganddrinkingcanbeallowedinthechemistrylab.2.Wastepapershouldbethrownintothepaperbasket.3.Nothingmaybetouchedwithoutpermission(允许).4.Everythingmustbeputbackaftertheexperiment.5.Thelabshouldbekeptclean.,在实验室里吃和喝不能被允许.,实验室应该被保持整洁.,废纸应该被扔进纸篓里.,不得到允许,什么都不能(被)摸.,实验后每样东西必须被放回.,观察下列句子并总结.,Sumupthesimilarity:,带有情态动词的被动语态:,情态动词+be+过去分词,Practice:,1.English_(learn)well.英语必须被学好.2.Thecomputer_(repair)byus.电脑可以被我们修好.3.Theyoungtreesmust_(look)afterwell.4.Wildanimalsshould_(protect).5.Theraisingoftheflagcan_(see)everymorningatTiananmenSquare.,ANSWERS:1._2._3._4._5._,Summary,1一现被：Manytreesarecutdown.2一过被：ThefoodwascookedbyLily.3一将被：Somenewroadswillbebuiltsoon.4含有情态动词：Thelabshouldbekeptclean.,am/is/are+过去分词,was/were+过去分词,will+be+过去分词,情态动词+be+过去分词,二.主动变被动的方法:,PeoplespeakEnglishintheworld.主谓宾,Englishisspokenbypeopleintheworld.,总结:,主语,be+P.P(过去分词),by+宾语,主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：,Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.,Ourclassroom,iscleaned,主语,谓语,宾语,byus,everyday,结构：主动语态：主语谓语宾语,被动语态：,主语,be+过去分词,by+宾语,即:、宾变主，主变宾，谓变bedone,时不变，数格必须随被变。,三.在被动语态中要注意的几个问题,感使动词问题（四三二一问题）Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.变被动语态Theworkersaremadetowork18hoursadaybytheboss.Isawhimenterthehouse.Hewasseentoenterthehousebyme.Theteacherletthemleavetheclassroomafterclass.Theywerelettoleavetheclassroombytheteacherafterclass.Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday.Sheisheardtosingintheroomeveryday.口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来,go,.双宾语问题（动词+sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)）,Shegavemeabook.（变为被动语态）Iwasgivenabook.（间接宾语改为主语）Abookwasgiventome.（直接宾语abook改为主语）,口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to/for间宾连。,1).give/pass/show与介词to搭配。例如:sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.2).buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。例如：sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsb,.系动词及不及物动词无被动语态。Eg:不及物动词（vi）:happen,takeplace,appear,hold,系动词:look,feel,sound,smell,taste,go,易错题目大集合(有胆你就来(),1.()Ifthework_,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.()Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade_intheclassroom.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed3.()Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow4.()IwontcometothepartyunlessTom_,too.YoumeanifTomcomes,youll