定语从句合成句子.ppt

ttributivelause,定语从句,学习为己用，何乐而不为?,今日播下辛苦的种子，来日收下美好的回忆。,勤学如春起之苗,不见其增日有所长,ttributivelause,定语从句,句子分类,句子根据结构分类,简单句（五中简单基本句型）,并列句(简单句+并列连词+简单句),复合句,形容词性从句（定语从句）,副词性从句（状语从句）,名词性从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,1.何为定语从句？,教学目标,2.定语从句常用关系词？,3.定语从句的构成？,4.先行词和关系词的关系?,5.定语从句的翻译？,theredapplethegreenapple,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,1.何为定语从句？,定语从句,先行词,关系词,定语,1.何为定语从句？,如果一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。定语从句又叫形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句常放在先行词的后面。,2.定语从句常用关系词？,Ilikethestorywhich/thatismoving,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（1）,简单句+简单句主从复合句,Ilikethestory.Thestoryismoving.,先行词,关系词做主语,Ilikethebook.,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（2）,简单句+简单句主从复合句,Ilikethebook.Yougavemethebook.,先行词,which/that,yougiveme,关系词做宾语,Thisistheboywhosesisterisasinger.,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（3）,简单句+简单句主从复合句,His,先行词,关系词做定语,theboy,Thisis.sisterisasinger.,4.先行词和关系词的关系?,Ilikethestorywhich/thatismoving.,Ilikethebookwhich/thatyougaveme.,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,Thisistheboywhosesisterisasinger.,关系代词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.,IknowtheboywhocanspeakEnglishwell.that,(2)Thisistheboy.Ilovehim.,ThisistheboywhoIlove.whomthat,5.合成句子练习,(3)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.which,(4)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which,5.合成句子,(5)Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisateacher.,Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisateacher.,5.合成句子练习,关系词何时可以省略？,作宾语时可以省略。但介词提前时不能省略。,5.合成句子练习,1.Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Maryboughtabird.Itwasverypretty.3.Summeristheseason.Itcomesafterspring.4.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisateacher.,Iknowtheboywho/thatcanspeakEnglishwell.,Maryboughtabirdwhich/thatwasverypretty.,Summeristheseasonwhich/thatcomesafterspring.,Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisateacher.,5.合成句子练习,5.Thisisthehouse.Itswalliswhite.6.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday.7.Icantfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit.8.Iknowtheboy.Youarelookingforhim.,Thisisthehousewhosewalliswhite.,ThemanwasAmericanwho/whom/that/Ispoketoyesterday.,Icantfindthehousewhich/that/Myfriendlivesin.,Iknowtheboywho/whom/that/arelookingfor.,6.定语从句的翻译,1.Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.我知道那个英语说得好的男孩2.Maryboughtabird.Itwasverypretty.Mary买了一只非常漂亮的小鸟。,Iknowtheboywho/thatcanspeakEnglishwell.,Maryboughtabirdwhich/thatwasverypretty.,6.定语从句的翻译,3.Summeristheseason.Itcomesafterspring.4.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisateacher.,Summeristheseasonwhich/thatcomesafterspring.,Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisateacher.,我有一个他的爸爸是老师的朋友,夏季就是来自春季之后的季节.,英语书写中，定语从句放在先行词之后；译成汉语时，定语从句放在先行词之前。,6.定语从句的翻译练习,1.Ilikethestorywhich/thatismoving.2.Ilikethebookwhich/thatyougaveme.3.Thisistheboywhosesisterisasinger.4.Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisateacher.,我喜欢那个感人的故事,我喜欢你给我的那本书。,这就是他的姐姐是一个歌唱家的那个男孩。,我有一个他的父亲是一个老师的朋友。,Homework,把句子根据结构的分类及定语从句有关的定义抄到课堂笔记上，并能够背诵。把第二个句子变成第一个句子的定语从句并翻译。,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.,Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,(1)先行词为all,little,much,none,few,theone,everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all,little,much,every,no,some,any,no,oneof等修饰时。,(3)先行词为数词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引导时Thereare200peoplethatdidntknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语，或关系词在从句中做标语时，关系代词用that.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是which或which引导的主句时.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?(9)当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethingsthatwerememberedatschool.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用which而不用that。,(1)介词之后Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。,非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。,