2016届高三英语语法填空题答题技巧（石室中学）

,语法填空,ByLiuZhaoyan,高考题型,高考题型,考纲解读,一篇200字左右的短文或对话能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构、运用语法、单词短语,空格类型,有给定词,无给定词,10空,有给定词（不超过3词）,无给定词（仅限1词）,动词名词：单复数形容词/副词：比较级、最高级词性转换,连词：and,but,or，引导词(从句):who,that,what代词：they,him,our,themselves介词：in,on,to,for冠词：a/an,the连接性副词：however,therefore,时态，语态，主谓一致非谓语动词：-ing，-ed，todo,分析句子结构或分析语义,确定所填词汇,解题三步走,通读全文,理解大意,确定固定搭配,使句子前后连贯,一读二填三检查,语法是否正确，逻辑是否合理,-,-,1.理解文意,2.分析句子,3.确定词汇,懂文意，明逻辑,句子类型，主从句，句子主干,词义、词性、词形,-,纯空格题,冠词-a/an/the泛指还是特指介词-词义，搭配代词-单复数，形容词性还是名词性，是否必要用反身代词副词-疑问副词，连接副词连词-逻辑关系,-,有提示词,给出名词,给出形容词,给出动词,单复数,词性转换,变动词、名词、副词；比较级、最高级，反义词等,谓语动词非谓语动词,3.Thelittleboypulled33_righthandoutofthepocket,冠词或(物主)代词,无提示词名词、形容词+名词之前,1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled40_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas35_shy,nervousperfectionist.,the,a,his,考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词,物主代词的用法,讨论归纳,归纳总结：如果句子基本结构完整，空格后面是名词，前面无限定词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a/the)、不定代词(any,no,some,all,every.)和形容词性物主代词(my,her,their,its)，名词所有格等进行修饰。,连词或从句引导词,无提示词两个主谓结构连接（状语从句、并列句）,1.Itwasnotlong39_thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.2.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,_itwasimpossibletocontrolit.,before,考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,讨论归纳,找出谓语动词；分清楚句子层次理清分句关系；克服干扰，划掉修饰成分,but,归纳总结:从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子,则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。,连词,并列连词,从属连词,常用副词,And,but,so,or,neither,while等,However,therefore,thenmoreover,yet等,定从、状从、宾从、表从等从句引导词,介词,无提示词与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语,表语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback34_thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.,of,at,考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,讨论归纳,特殊句式结构,1Sherememberedhowdifficult_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.2Little_weknowhislife.3_coldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.4I_gotothestationtomeetherbutIdidntseeher.5Itwasinthestreet_Imetanoldclassmateofminetheotherday.,it,do,So,did,that,-,给出动词,谓语动词,非谓语动词,时态,语态,主位一致,Doing(主动/进行),Done(被动/完成),todo(目的/将来),有提示词,谓语动词,有提示词与主语构成主谓结构,1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI39_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotpot.2.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.（08广东）(results)3.Thesunwassettingdownwhenmycar_(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.(07广东),wastold,results,考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,讨论归纳,broke,非谓语动词,有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson32_(receive)thegift.(广州一模)2.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_(complete)therest!3.Actually,severedamage(84)d_toourlandisfairlyrecentinthehistoryofourevolution.4.Hespititout,_(say)itwasawful.（10广东）(saying),receiving,tocomplete,done,考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用,讨论归纳,saying,词性转换,有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid36_(rude).2.Oneofthe33_(bad)giftsIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher3.AsfarasIamconcerned,my37_(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.,rudely,worst,suggestion,考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化,讨论归纳,Theadobedwellings(土坯房）_41_(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven_42_mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir_43_(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout_44_(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_45_(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough_46_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:_47_thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle_48_(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmup.Duringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As_49_(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_50_thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.,(2015全国二卷),Theadobedwellings(土坯房）_(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven_mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir_(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout_(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarningthehouse.,(2015全国二卷),ability,the,built,using,slowly,Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:_thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle_(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmup.Duringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As_(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.,(2015全国二卷),goes,at,tocool,natural,how,总结提升,一根据句子结构，确定词性,动词名词形容词副词,冠词介词连词代词/副词,词性,一般有提示词,无提示词,主谓,N./Pron.,Vt.,宾,N./Pron.,Vi.,宾,+prep.,art.,art.,Adv.,Adj.,Adj.,_,Adv.,_主