如何做英语阅读之作者观点与态度题

精选文库同学们好，欢迎大家来到“慧学云平台”微课堂，我是来自柳州八中的英语教师罗曙霞。今天，我给大家讲解的是中考英语阅读之作者观点和态度题。什么是“作者观点态度题型”？观点态度题主要考查学生通过掌握主题思想和具体事实，对作者的观点和态度做出合理推断的能力。观点态度题是中考的把关题，含金量是2分一题，也是拉开中考考生档次的一种题型，因此，准确作答显得尤为重要。下面我从三个方面来进行讲解，1.命题方式 2.解题技巧 3.例题讲解作者观点态度”题的命题方式有哪些呢？主要有两种。一.关于目的型 推断作者的写作意图（Purpose）命题方式有：The authors purpose in writing this passage is to_. What does the author think of?The authors attitude towards is .这类题要求阅读时不但要看懂单个的句子，而且要全面分析所有相关信息，从而把握作者在整篇文章中的观点，因此，必须看懂全篇文章的意思，切忌片面思考，得出片面答案。二.判断正误型1.Which of the following is true according to this passage?2.Which statement is FALSE according the above passage?3.Which idea is NOT true according to the passage?4. Which of the following is untrue?那么我们在做这类题时有什么解题技巧呢？1.抓段落的首句和尾句。 作者往往在首句和尾句表明自己的观点和态度，所以抓首句和尾句是做题的突破口。 2.不要把自己的态度置于其中，不能以你的观点来判断正确与否；也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。 3.当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。4.作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联。下面进行例题讲解，首先我们来看Passage 1这篇文章有3段，（依次播放3张PPT,每张停顿2秒）好，看题。读AB两个选项，返回第1张PPT，读划线句子，分析出AB选项是正确的。再读C选项，读完回到第一张，解释lost是丧失了能力的意思。所以答案是C选项。此时，文章的大意很明了，自然D选项是正确的。A successful young businessman recently lost his natural ability(能力)to do business.He was so worried that he went to see his doctor.The doctor examined（检查）him ,but found nothing wrong with his brain.However,the doctor advised him to see a brain expert.The expert told him that his brain was prematurely（过早地）old and worn out. He also told the young man that he could be cured by transplanting a new brain.The yong man asked the price of the brain.The expert said slowly,“Im not sure.You know it depends on what kind of brain you want.For example,you can get a lawyers brain for 100,000;a doctors for 200,000;also a soldiers for 400,000.”“No,its funny that a soldiers brain is twice as expensive as a doctors,”the young man argued（辩论）.“Oh,you know a soldiers brain is never used,and its just as useful as a new one,”the expext said coldly.1.( C )Which statement is FALSE about the above passage?AThe young man earned a lot of money by doing business. BThe young man had a gift to do business. CThe young man could still do his work well.DThe young man wanted the doctor to help him.接下来我们看例题2，这篇文章比较长，我们先看题目。读题，翻译题目。现在我们尝试通过首句和尾句来找找作者的态度，每一段的首句和尾句读出来。边读边分析。由此可以看出作者是中立的态度。Passage 2Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course there have always been people who have looked for adventure -those who have climbed the highest mountains, travelled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in a small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however,there are people who look for immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place （perhaps a bridge or a hot air ballon）200 metres above the ground with an elastic （有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometres an hour until the rope stopps you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other avtivities which most people would say as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from high buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago,peoples lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food,diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）.Nowadays,according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.( C )1. The writer of the text has a attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports.A. positive（肯定的） B. negative（否定的）C. neutral（中立的） D. nervous现在看例题3，这是一篇健康养生的文章，很有现实意义。作者标出4个要点。读出4个要点。看题目（读题）。A选项对应的句子是Eat a variety of food, especially fruit and vegetables.B选项所对应的句子You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and coca. They include a lot of added sugar. Sugar just adds calories, not important nutrition.C选项的句子是The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like-basketball, and domg other activities like bike riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time. D选项所对应的句子是 When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.这样不难看出答案是D。Passage 3Almost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health? “Health” means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Lets read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy. (1). Eat a variety of food, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite food. Remember that we can only get the nutrition (营养) we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables.(2). Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium (钙) to grow strong bones, and milk is rich in it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk, when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and coca. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar only includes calories (热量), not important nutrition.(3). Listen to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.(4). Limit screen time. Whats screen time? Its the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-