词汇学复合词.pptx

CHAPTER5WORDFORMATIONVIACOMPOUNDING,Itreferstothecombinationoftwoormoreindependentwords,eachofwhichcanfunctionasaindividualword.,Definition,Threeformsofcompounds复合词的三种形式,1,Solidform,1,Openform,2,Hyphenatedform,3,Webpage网页,Database数据库,第一季度,Website网站,Weblog网络博客,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Solidform,1,Dataentry数据录入,Massmedia大众媒体,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Datatransfer数据传输,Datastorage数据储存,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Openform,2,Mass-produce大规模生产,Well-educated受过良好教育的,第一季度,单击编辑副标题,Easy-going随和的,Newly-brewed新酿造的,Hyphenatedform,3,StructuresofCompounds复合词的结构,2,TWO-WORDCOMPOUNDS,THREE-WORDCOMPOUNDS,NOUN+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,NOUN+ADJUCTIVECOMPOUNDS,NONE+VERBCOMPOUDS,ADJECTIVE+VERBCOMPOUNDS,ADJECTIVE+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,ADJECTIVE+ADJECTIVECOMPOUNDS,STRUCTURES,2,VERB+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,VERB+ADVERBCOMPOUNDS,ADVERB+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,ADVERB+ADJECTIVECOMPOUNDS,ADVERB+VERBCOMPOUDS,PREPOSITION+PREPOSITIONCOMPOUNDS,PREPOSITION+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,PRONOUN+NOUNCOMPOUNDS,STRUCTURES,2,House+keephousekeep,Hair+cuthaircut,Wood+cutwoodcut,EXAMPLE-NOUN+VERBCOMPOUND,2,FunctionsofCompounds复合词的作用,3,Compoundscanplaydifferentrolesinasentence.Theycanbeusedasnouns,adjectives,verbs,adverbs,etc.,FunctionsofCompounds,1.teargasThepolicedispelledthemobswithteargas.(noun)Thepolicedispelledthemobsbyusingteargasbombs.(adjective)Thepoliceteargasedthemobs.(verb)2.air-dryThetobaccogrowerssir-drytobaccoleavesinshadedsheds.(verb)Theair-dryprocesswascompletedinshadedsheds.(adjective)3.face-to-faceWewillhaveaface-to-facenegotiationwiththemarketcompetitors.(adjective)Wewillnegotiatewithourcompetitorsaboutmarketsharesface-to-face.(phrase),Example,3,CharacteristicsofCompounds复合词的特点,4,Thepruralformofanouncompoundusuallycarries-sor-esattheendofthesecondpart.,复数在后,Acompoundusuallyhasitsstressedsyllablefallingonthefirstpartofthecompound.,重音在前,Mostcompoundstodayaretreatedascompletelynewwordswithoutahypheninbetween.somearenot.,连字符大多可无,前修饰后,Characteristicsofcompounds,4,Incompounds,thefirstpartusuallymodifiesthesecondpart.,Nouns,Verbs,Adjectives,Prepositions&Adverbs,Characteristicsofcompounds,4,hard,soft,hot,high,low,good,bad,go,come,paly,look,make,take,head,hand,girl,day,dog,line,rain,snow,in,out,on,with,up,down,under,Themostproductivecompoundelementsareusuallythethree-to-five-letteredwords,orthebasicAnglo-Saxonvocabulary.,CompoundNouns复合名词,5,Theconstituentsinacompoundmaybelongtodifferentpartsofspeech,butthecompoundstheycreatearemostlynouns.,CompoundNouns,请插入图片,请插入图片,请插入图片,请插入图片,adj+nharddisk硬盘,n+nbarcord条形码,adv+nupgrade升级,doing+nreadinglamp台灯,v+nbreakwater防浪堤,n+vnighfall黄昏,v+advshow-off炫耀,adv+vdownfall垮台,FormofCompoundNouns,CompoundAdjectives复合形容词,6,复合形容词主要用来作定语,并且只作前置定语,即要放在被修饰词之前。它也可以作形容词,表示一个长时间的特点或性质。例如：aneight-year-oldboy/aten-metre-talltree,6,ever永远的,ill不健康的,形容词+looking形容容貌或外表,made制造的,proof防的，抗的,sick晕的，渴望的,wide在范围内的,well好的,Examples,6,PhrasalCompounds短语复合词,7,。,Compoundscanalsobeformedofphrasesorwordclustersofvariouskinds.Infact,mostcompoundsformedinthiswayareverypopularincontempraryEnglishandareoftenusedascompoundadjectives.Lookatthefollowingexamples:1)Onthewaytotheairport,theyfellinatwo-kilometer-longtraficjam.在去机场的路上，他们陷入了两公里长的交通堵塞。2）Attheageof26,shefellinlovewitha62-year-oldprofessor.她在26岁时爱上了一位62岁的教授。,T