高级英语写作Narrative Writing-ejmppt课件

.,NarrativeWriting,.,WhatisNarrativeWriting?,Anarrativeisastorycontainingspecificelementsthatworktogethertocreateinterestfornotonlytheauthorbutalsothereader.Thistypeofwritingmakesthereaderfeelasifherorshewerepartofthestory,asifitwasbeingtolddirectlytohimorher.,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,Thewho,what,where,when,why,andhowoutlinethatgivesthenarrativedirection.Whatisthestoryabout?Eventsunfoldastheyhappen.Theframeofthenarrative.,PLOT,.,PlotStructureofNarrativeWriting,Beginning:Enticingopeningtocapturereadersinterest.Settingrevealed.Maincharactersintroduced.Conflictpresented.,.,PlotStructureofNarrativeWriting,MiddleCharactersattempttoresolveconflictsorproblems.Actionprogressessequentially,stepbystep.ClimaxTheturningpointofthenarrative.Revealstheprocessinvolvedforsolvingtheconflicts.,.,PlotStructureofNarrativeWriting,EndTellshowtheresolutionoftheconflictshaveaffectedthecharacters.Nonewcharactersorplotideasintroduced.Themeormessageunderstoodbyreader.,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,CHARACTERS,Thepeople,animals,orinanimateobjectswhoareaffectedbytheactionsoftheplotorwhoarethecauseofcertainevents.Characters,realorimaginative,shouldbebroughttolifethroughthenarrative.Ifacharacterisnotdescribedwell,thestorywillnotbebelievable.,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,Whereandwhenthenarrativetakesplace.Allowsthereaderstovisualizethescenesandthecharactersinthosescenes.Althoughthesettingmaybeclearfortheauthor,he/shemustcreateapictureforthereaders.,SETTING,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,Thefigurativelanguage(similes,metaphors,etc.),sensoryimagery,vividverbs,strongsentences,dialogue,andpointofviewthatmakeseachauthorunique.Everystudenthashis/herownstyleandtechnique.Althoughwehavethesametopic,everyonewillwritedifferently.,STYLE,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,Theproblemthatmustbeovercomeorresolvedsothatthereaderswillnotbelefthanging.TypesofConflict:PersonversusSelfPersonversusPersonPersonversusSocietyPersonversusMachine/TechnologyPersonversusNature,CONFLICT,.,TypesofConflict:Examples,PersonversusSelf:Onemonthago,Abbywasassignedabooktoreadforabookreport.Uponsittingatthecomputertoworkonit,Abbystruggledwiththedecisiontodothereadingortosurfthewebinstead.Shefeltguilty,knowingsheshoulddothework,butwasreallymotivatedbyherdesiretolookupnewinformationaboutherfavoriterockband.,.,TypesofConflict:Examples,PersonversusPerson:AbbyandherbestfriendMeganareworkingtogetheronagroupproject.Abbydidnotdoanywork,leavingitallforMegantodo.Whenthegirlsgettogethertodotheproject,MeganfindsoutAbbydidnotdoanywork.Shebecomesangry,yellsatAbby,andstormsoutoftheroom.,.,TypesofConflict:Examples,PersonversusSociety:Abbyneedstogotothelibrarytobeginworkingonherproject.Whenshearrives,shefindsoutthatjuvenilesundertheageofeighteencannotenterthelibrarywithoutaparent.Hermomisatwork.Abbyismadaboutthisthing,totallyoutofhercontrol.Shewritesalettertothelibrary,expressingherdisgust.,.,TypesofConflict:Examples,PersonversusMachine/TechnologyAbbybeginsherreport,finally!Allofthesudden,thereisapowersurgeandhercomputercrashes.Shelosesalloftheinformationthatshehasbeenworkingonforfourhours.,.,TypesofConflict:Examples,PersonversusNature:Abbytriestorememberexactlywheresheleftherbookforthereport.Sheremembersthatshewassittingonabenchoutsideofherhouse,soshereturnstothatspot.Shefindsit,however,ithadrainedthenightbeforeandthebookisinshambles.,.,ElementsofNarrativeWriting,Athemeisamessagerevealedinthestory.Itmaybedirectlystated,likeinafablewherethemoralistoldattheconclusion.Itmaybeindirect,leavingthereadertodecidethestorysmessage.Therecanbemorethanonethemeforanarrative.,THEME,.,DifferentPointsofView,Whoistellingthestory?FirstPersonpointofview“I”asthenarratorGoodforpersonalaccounts.Example:Iwillneverforgetthedaythatmyhamsterdied,.,DifferentPointsofView,ThirdPersonpointofviewLimited“He,”“she,”“it,”“they”perspectiveWrittenasifthestoryisobservedfromoutsideofthecharacters.Readermustguessthefeelingsofthecharactersbytheiractionsandwords.Example:Hepoundedhisfistagainstthewallandscreamed,“Letmeout!”,.,DifferentPointsofView,ThirdPersonpointofviewOmniscient“He,”“she,”“it,”“they”perspectiveNarratorcanwriteaboutthethoughtsandfeelingsofallthecharacters.Example:“Shecalledhimaliar,thoughsheknewhewastellingthetruth.”,.,5W+HQuestionsMethod,Answeringthe5WandHquestionsprovidesthebasicinfoneededtobeginastory.WHOwillbeinthenarrative?WHEREwillthenarrativetakeplace?WHYwillthecharactersdowhattheydo?WHATisthenarrativeabout?WHENwilltheeventshappen?HOWwilltheconflictberesolved?,.,SensoryImagery,Usingthefivesenseswhenwritinganarrativehelpsthereaderpictureandfeelwhatisgoingon.Describewhatyousee,hear,taste,touch,andsmelltomakeyourreaderbecomeinvolvedinthestory.,.,FigurativeLanguage,FigurativeLanguageistheuseofdescriptivewordsthatbringyourreaderintothestory.,.,FigurativeLanguage,SIMILESAsimileisacomparisonbetweentwounlikethings,usinglikeoras.Examples:Hersmilewassowideitlookedlikeapianokeyboard.Hewasassickasadog.,.,FigurativeLanguage,METAPHORAmetaphordirectlycomparestwounlikethingswithoutusinglikeoras.Example:Theboywasagoldenknight,protectinghislittlesisterfromthefire-breathingdragonthatlivesinthesandbox.,.,FigurativeLanguage,PERSONIFICATIONPersonificationassignshumancharacteristicsandtraitstonon-humanobjects.Example:Thepencilfoughtfuriouslywiththeeraser,battlingoverquestionnumberthree.,.,FigurativeLanguage,HYPERBOLEHyperboleistheuseofgrossexaggerationtodescribesomethingthatcouldneverhappeninreallife.Example:TheteachersvoicewassoloudtheastronautsorbitingEarthcouldhearherlecture.,.,FigurativeLanguage,ALLITERATIONAlliterationistherepetitionoftwoormoresounds.Example:Thewitchswashed-out,witheredlipswhispered,“