高级英语第6册unit 6Matriculation Fixationppt课件

Unit6MatriculationFixation,讲课人：王丽娟Telformaladmissiontostudyatauniversityorcollege(大学）入学考试,aninabilitytostopthinkingaboutsth.orsomeone,oranunnaturallystronginterestinthem（对的）异常依恋；固恋；癖,.,TeachingObjectives1)Tolearnaboutsomebasicfeaturesofnarrative2)Tograspthenewwordsandexpressions.,.,Warm-upQuestions:,1.Whydosomepeopleinmoderntimehaveanobsessiveinterestinattendingelitecolleges?2.Howdouniversitiesinfluenceourlife?,.,Chinas10topuniversities,.,IvyLeagueuniversity,agroupofeighttraditionaluniversitiesintheeasternUSwithhighacademicstandardsandahighsocialstatusHarvardUniversityYaleUniversityUniversityofPennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学；宾州大学）PrincetonUniversity（普林斯顿大学）ColumbiaUniversity（哥伦比亚大学）BrownUniversity（布朗大学）DartmouthCollege（达特茅斯学院）CornellUniversity（康乃尔大学）,.,TextExplanations,Intheessaytheauthoroffershissincereadvicetothoseparentswhohavecollege-boundchildren.Hefirstcriticizessomeparentswhotrytoselectuniversitiesfortheirchildren.Hepointsoutthatagooduniversitydoesnotnecessarilyguaranteeasuccessfulcareer.Thisissupportedbytheexampleofhishighschoolfriends.,.,Thenhetellsthosedisillusionedparentswhosechildrenareunlikelytoenterprestigiousuniversitiesthatmanypeopleachievehugesuccessinthissocietywithoutadegreefromaprestigiousuniversity.Thisissupportedbyhisownexperience.Finallyheremindsthoseparentsthatlifedoesnthavejustoneact.ThereisoftenActTwo.AndActFive.,.,DetailedStudyofText,Paragraph1-2Thesetwoparagraphsmakeuptheintroductorypartinwhichtheauthorusesananecdoteasastartingpointoftheessay.,.,Paragraph1,Languagepoints:languish:v.losevigor,health,orflesh,asthroughgrief;haveadesireforsomethingorsomeonewhoisnotpresent;becomefeeble憔悴；凋萎；失去活力；受煎熬；长期受苦；变得衰弱undivided:adj.notpartedbyconflictofopinion;notsharedbyoramongothers专心的；专一的；未分开的；完整的,.,wearon:passslowly(oftime)缓慢地进行；时间的流逝Eg:Itllworkagainstouralliesifweletthisbattlewearontoolong.如果把战斗拖得太长，对我们的盟军不利。wearout:deterioratethroughuseorstress磨损Eg:Peoplearelikemachines:theywearout.人也象机器一样，会磨损。,.,garner:(v.)acquireordeservebyoneseffortsoractions;storegrain;assembleorgettogether;collectsth.,usuallyafterwithmuchworkorwithdifficulty获得；储存；收集Inshort,anyonewhothinksnewthoughtsordoesnewdeedsislikelytogarnerdisapprovalandcriticismfromsomeone.简而言之，任何有新思想、做新行为的人都可能遭到某人的不赞成和批评。,.,Paragraph2,Languagepoints:brightbutnotbrilliant：smartbutnotoutstanding.first-tiertier:oneoftwoormorelayersoneatopanother层，等级first-tier:first-rate;first-classechelon:abodyoftroopsarrangedinaline梯队;阶层second-echelon:second-rate;second-class,.,Moneybeingtight:nothavingmuchmoneywithothercollege-boundchildreninthefamilyqueue:withanumberofchildreninafamilywhoaregoingtogotocollegeoneafteranotherinafewyears.college-bound:goingtocollegerue:feelremorsefor;feelsorryfor;becontriteabout后悔，懊悔,.,QUESTION：Whatdoesthesentence.fewercontactswouldbemademean?Thesentencemeansthatsinceitwasalocaluniversity,therewouldbefewerchancestoestablishanetworkofinterpersonalrelationshipsthatcouldbepotentiallyhelpfulinthefuture.,.,withinstrikingdistance：veryneartoobtainingorachievingsomething.Eg:Hardluck!Youcamewithinstrikingdistanceofbeatingtherecord.真倒霉！你眼看就要打破纪录了。yellowbrickroad:P95notes(2)meanstheroadofgold,whichisametaphorforsuccess.,.,Herdegreewouldputherwithinstrikingdistanceoftheyellowbrickroad,butnotphysicallyontheroaditself.Aftershegraduatesfromasecond-classuniversity,shewillbecloseto,thepathtosuccess,thoughnotdirectlyonit,butstilltherewillbeagapbetween.,.,Paragraphs3-4,Inthesetwoparagraphs,asaresponsetothemansstory,theauthortriestogivesomeadvicebyrelatinghisownexperiences,i.e.hishighschoolfriends,hisuniversitydays,andhispresentcareer.,.,Paragraphs3,amanoftheworld:amanwhohaslotsofexperienceincopingwithcertainsituationsorpeople.通世故的人，精通世故的人requisite：(n.)anythingindispensable必需品;(adj.)necessaryforrelieforsupply必不可少的，必需的,.,mediate:actbetweenpartieswithaviewtoreconcilingdifferences调解，斡旋inquestion：beingtalkedabout,underdiscussion.讨论中的，考虑中的Theanalysisinquestion,however,referstotheprocessofasystematic,minuteanalysis.这里所讲的分析过程，是指系统的周密的分析过程。Iwasoutoftownonthenightinquestion.,.,Paragraphs4,carveout：tosuccessfullycreateorobtainsth.,espeicallyaworkposition,byworkingforit.艰苦创业，奋斗取得（事业，名声等）Persistencewillcarveoutawaytosuccess.只要坚持到底，就一定能成功。niche：apositionparticularlywellsuitedtothepersonwhooccupiesit合适的职业“tocarveoutanicelittlenicheformyself”：securemyselfagoodandcomfortablepositionbyhardworkandgreateffort.,.,QUESTIONWhatdoestheauthormeanby.thesunneversetwithoutmythankingGodfor.?TheauthormeansthateverydayhefeltgratefultoGodforwhathelearntfromhistalentedanddedicatedprofessors.Translations:我的大学生活是这辈子最开心的一段日子之一，那些才华横溢、专注学问的教授们给了我无穷的启发和灵感，为此，我每天都在感谢上帝。,.,“pressedforbiographicaldata”：urgedtogivepersonalinformation.freelance(n.)awriterorartistwhosellsservicestodifferentemployerswithoutalong-termcontractwithanyofthem;自由作家(v.)workindependentlyandontemporarycontractsratherthanforalong-termemployer自由撰稿的tickoff：列举；用记号勾出,.,credentials:n.(proofof)abilitiesandexperiencewhichmakesomeonesuitableforaparticularjobpractivity资格，资历，证书，证件V.credential提供证明书（或证件）Whatcredentialsdoyouneedforthedreamjobsoutthere?想得到你梦想中的工作，你需要哪些资格证书呢？,.,Paragraphs5and6,feign:V.topretendtofeelsth.,usuallyanemotion假装，装作Someanimalsfeigndeathwhenindanger.有些动物遇到危险时便装死。curriculumvitae：asummaryofyouracademicandworkhistory,aresume简历“hewasdevastated”：hewasextremelyupsetandworried,.,Thoughhetriedtofeigninterestinmypatheticcurriculumvitae,Icouldseethathewasdevastated.：ThoughheactedasifhewasinterestedinmypitiableCV,Icouldseethathewasupset.FromPara.5-6,itshouldbenotedthatthemanisnotveryresponsiveandinterestedintheauthorsaccount,whichevokestheauthorscommentIneverdidfindoutwhyhewasvisitingthehospital.,.,Paragraphs7,neurotic:(n.)apersonsufferingfromneurosis;(adj.)affectedwithemotionaldisorder神经病患者；神经质的，神经病的gabbinessn.excessivetalkativeness.adj.gabby健谈的，多嘴的，饶舌的Hergabbinesskeepsusawayfromher.她太罗嗦，我们都躲着她。“theneuroticgabbiness”：tendencytotalkexcessivelybecauseofoversensitivitytoorover-indulgenceincertaintopics.,.,Translationof“Imentionthisincidentbecause.sendtheirchildrentocollege”.我之所以提起这件事，是因为它说明谈到送孩子上大学这件事，父母们就不由自主地神经兮兮，啰里啰嗦。whereof(adv.令人心烦意乱的Dontalwayssitonthatcouchwatchingmind-numbing,spiritcrushinggameshows不要总坐在沙发上看那些无聊透顶的节目,.,“Onthissubject,Iamcompletelylappedout.”：Ihavenointerestinthissubjectatall.这个话题我是完全不想谈了。“belappedout”:beeliminatedinarace；leftbehindTeachersshouldavoidbeinglappedoutinthefieldsofnewtechnology.老师们应该避免在新技术方面跟不上形势。,.,QUESTIONinparagraph7Whydoestheauthorsaythathewillneverparticipateinamind-numbingdiscussionaboutcollegeselectionprocess,oncehiskidshavelefthome?Theauthorbelievesthatsuchdiscussionsaremeaninglessorevenharmful.Here,heseemstosuggestthatforthoseparentswhohappentomaketherightselectionsfortheirchildrenorwhosechildrengotoprestigiousuniversitiessuchatopicwouldbeself-aggrandizing(夸大),butforthosewhofailtomaketherightselectionsorwhosechildrengotolessprestigiousuniversitiessuchatopicwouldbeself-flagellatory（鞭打）.,.,Paragraphs8,stemfrom:comefrom,originatefrom起源于，来自于Herproblemsstemfromherdifficultchildhood.unalloyed：pure;纯粹的，未掺杂的Wehadtheperfectholiday-twoweeksofunalloyedblissThislackofinterestdoesnotstemfrompureselfishnessorunalloyedcontemptforotherpeoplesoffspring.:ThereasonwhyIamnotinterestedinitisnotbecauseIamselfishorlookdownuponotherpeopleschildren.,.,banal:adj.boring,ordinaryandnotoriginal陈腐的，平庸的，老一套的self-aggrandizing:adj.self-important,arrogant自我扩张的；傲慢的self-flagellatory:adj.self-punishingpunitive:endedasapunishment惩罚性的Chinesetranslationof“rather,Ifeelorputitive.”:而是我觉得几乎所有有关选大学这个过程的谈话都是老生常谈，自吹自擂要么就是痛批自己，苦不堪言。,.,cribbage:acardgame.克里巴奇牌游戏Question:Whatdoescribbagestandfor?Hereitisusedincontrasttomind-numbingdiscussion.Thusitstandsforsomethingentertaining,ratherthanboringorafflicting.,.,ConclusionaboutPara.7-8,Thesetowparagraphsplayanimportantroleintheessay.Ontheonehand,theyaretheauthorscommentselicitedbytheincident;ontheotherhand,theyfunctionasatransitiontofurtherdiscussiononthematter.,.,Para.9,infuriating:adj.makingsomeoneextremeangryvalidate:v.tomakesth.officiallyacceptedorapproved,especiallyafterexaminingit证实，确认，使有效closure“:whenaneventoraperiodoftimeisbroughttoanend,orthefeelingthatsomethinghasbeencompletelydealtwith.Funeralshelpgivepeopleasenseofclosure.,.,Themostinfuriatingconversationistheonewheretheparentclearlyseeksadecisivecareer-validatingmomentofemotionalclosure.:ThemostannoyingconversationistheonewheretheparenttriestobeemotionallysettledonceforallbyselectingforthechildagoodcollegethatguaranteeshisorherfuturecareerChineseversionof“Themostinfuriating.emotionalclosure.”最令人怒不可遏的谈话是，参与谈话的家长认为自己在子女上大学问题上已大功告成，而把这类交谈当成正式宣告摆脱此类苦恼/折磨的良机。,.,irrevocable:impossibletochange不可改变的，不能撤销的Suchindividualsbelievethatsecuringadmissiontoatop-flightuniversityprovideschildwithanirrevocablepassporttosuccess：Suchpeoplebelievethatifachildsucceedsingettingadmissiontoafirst-rateuniversity,thenheorshewillbeguaranteedsuccessfulfuture.,.,mirth:laughter,amusementorhappiness欢乐，欢笑，幸福“economicmirth”：happinessandcontentmentwitheconomicsuccessupwardlymobile:(社会，经济地位）上升的，有上升趋势的chucklehead:n.astupidperson,ablockhead傻瓜，笨蛋,.,belligerence：n.ahostileorwarlikeattitude,nature,inclination好战性，斗争性belligerentadj.“theirchildrensdestinations”：theirchildrensentryintotopuniversitiessottovoce:（said)inaquietvoicesothatonlypeoplenearcanhear;低声地taunt:ascornfulremarkortirade嘲弄，讥讽,.,“.issuingasottovocetaunttoparentsofthelessgifted”：sneeringorlaughingquietlyatthoseparentsoflessgiftedchildrenTranslationof“Parentssuchastheseupwardlymobile.ofthelessgifted.”这些只知道往上爬的愚蠢父母得意地宣称自己的子女要去哪里念书，陶醉在自己的成功之中，殊不知这种近乎普鲁士式的挑衅做法，却是对那些儿女并不出色的父母们的侮辱和嘲讽。,.,prep:n.preparatoryschool-aprivateschoolforchildrenovertheageof11,whichpreparesthemtogotocollege预备学校heck：真见鬼（hell的委婉说法）Tuscany：n.托斯卡纳区（意大利行政区名）Chinesetranslationof“Nowwecanget.andmovetoTuscany.”我们现在可以离开这儿了，搬到意大利托斯卡纳去享受人生了。,.,Question:Howdothoseparentsfeelwhentheirchildrenenteratopuniversity?Theyfeelthattheirchildrensfutureisguaranteedandtheirmissionasparentsfulfilled.ConclusionofPara9Inparagraph9,theauthorcriticizesparentswhotrytomaketheselectionofcollegesfortheirchildren.,.,Para.10,.ageseventeen.Ortwenty-one”:achildissupposedtoentercollegeatseventeenandgraduateattwenty-one.screwup:n.onethatmakesamessofanundertaking弄糟事情的人screwup把事情弄糟Eg:Havingthecarstolencompletelyscrewedupourholidayplans.,.,first-classscrewups“:absoluteandhopelessfailuresInreallife,somechildrengetthefinesteducationsbutstillbecomefirst-classscrewups.:Inreallife,someverypromisingchildrenwithverygoodschoolingturnouttobecompletefailures.,.,onskidrow:poor,withoutajoborplacetolive,andoftendrinkingtoomuchalcohol.skidrow贫民区enduponwelfareorskidrow“:eventuallyliveonsocialwelfarefortheirsurvivalThatiswhyNaturegivesyouthejob.:ThatiswhyNaturegivesyouthejobofbeingparents.P96,.,ConclusionofPara10Inthisparagraphtheauthorairshisview,whichisdifferentfromthatoftheparentmentionedintheprecedingparagraph.Hearguesthatagooduniversitydoesnotnecessarilyguaranteeasuccessfulcareer,andassertsthatparentsresponsibilitydoesnotendwhentheirchildrenleavehomeforuniversity.,.,Para.11,makethecut:makethegrade成功，达到标准BrandX:蹩脚的;非名牌的;非名牌产品“.theirBrandXchildrenarentgoingtomakethecut”：.theirchildrenfallintothegeneric（一般的）orcommonvarietythatarenotlikelytoachievemuchandcannotpossiblybeadmittedtoprestigiousuniversities.TomakethecutisaninformalAmericanexpressionthatmeanstoattainaparticulargoal.Tomakethecutliterallymeanstobeacceptedintoasportsteam.,.,APcourse：AdvancedPlacement大学预修课程AP课程及考试始于1955年，由美国大学理事会（CollegeBoard）主办，在高中阶段开设的具有大学水平的课程，共有22个门类、37个学科。该项考试的目的在于，使高中学生提前接触大学课程，完成一些美国大学的学分课程及考试。AP课程及考试可以为高中生起到减免大学学分、降低大学教育成本、缩短大学教育时间的目的，同时AP考试成绩可以作为申请大学的一个重要筹码。,.,takeatoll:ifsth.takesatoll,itcausessuffering,deathsordamage产生负面影响；产生痛苦；造成损失toll:(为报死亡时刻、噩耗等)鸣钟;grandiose:largerandcontainingmoredetailthannecessary,orintendedtoseemimportantorsplendid.浮夸的；宏伟的，堂皇的delivery-room:产房,.,Amherst,BardandDuke:threeprestigiousprivateuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.note5-7P96QUESTIONWhatdoestheauthormeanbythosegrandiosedelivery-roomdreamsofAmherst,Bard,andDukearesuddenlygoingupinsmoke?,.,Theauthormeansthatbeautifuldreamswhichthoseparentshavecherishedsincechildrenwerebornarenowtotallysmashedandhavedisappeared.“Translation:想当年孩子出生的时候，梦想着他们有朝一日进入名牌大学(阿姆赫斯特、巴德、杜克)的希望如今灰飞烟灭。,.,bashful:adj.害羞的，腼腆的shamefacedly：adv.羞愧地，羞怯地progeny:n.(plural)theyoungoroffspringofaperson,animalorplant子孙，后裔skulk:v.tohideormoveasiftryingnottobeseen躲藏，偷偷摸摸地行走“theglamourlessinstitutionstheirprogenyareskulkingoffto”：theobscureuniversitiestheirchildrenaregoingto,whichtheyfeeltooashamedtoletothersknowabout.,.,Bashfully,shamefacedly,miserably,theseparentsnowmumblethenamesoftheglamourlessinstitutionstheirprogenyareskulkingoffto.：Embarrassedly,guiltily,sorrowfully,theseparentsnowdarenotutterloudlythenamesofthoselow-gradeinstitutionswheretheirchildrenarequietlyenteringbecausetheyareashamedofthemselves.Translation:这些父母们只有羞愧、丢脸而且痛苦地念叨着他们的孩子即将偷偷摸摸去念书的学校名字。,.,jeopardy:ifsth.isinjeopardy,itisindangerofbeingdamagedordestroyed.Hereitreferstoanaward-winningquizshow(智力竞赛节目)Lookatthenote8onP96whosecapitalsonlyrepeatwinnersonJeopardy!canname.:whosestatecapitalsaresoobscurethatonlypeoplewhooftenwinongameshowslikeJeopardy!canname.Thesentencemeansthatthechildrenwhocouldnotmakeitintothemostfamousuniversitiesarenowattendingschoolsinveryremote,unknownplaces.,.,Translationof“theyarecollegesyounevercanname.”这些名字总是你闻所未闻的，所在的小镇也是谁都不想去的，所处的州首府只有记忆力大赛的优胜者才说的出。glum:adj.disappointedorunhappy,andquiet失望的，阴沉的，郁闷的,.,ConclusionofPara11,Inthisparagraphtheauthorgivesanillustrationofthesecondcategory/groupofpeoplewhoareobsessedwithcollegeselection.Theyaredisillusionedparentswhosechildrenareunlikelytoenterprestigiousuniversities.,.,Para.12,OfmiceandMensa:Note2onP96Realityhasawayofupsettingtheworst-laidplansofMiceandMensa.Thebest-laidplansofmiceandmenoftengoawry.(人算不如天算)/智者千虑，必有一失heretheauthormeansthateventhemostcarefulplancangowrong.Chinesetranslationofthissentence:可是，现实总是一次又一次地证明了“人算不如天算”。,.,latebloomer:someonewhobecomesgoodatsth.Afterpeopleusuallybecomegoodatit.大器晚成的人Somekidsarelatebloomers：Somekidsbecomesuccessfullaterthanaveragekids.,.,Somekidsarebetteroffinalesscompetitiveenvironment.：Somekidsperformbetterinalesscompetitivesituation.bebetteroff:更富裕；生活更好Eg:Obviouslywerebetteroffnowwerebothworking.Hedbebetteroffworkingforabiggercompany.,.,hurdle:aproblemthatyouhavetodealwithbeforeyoucanmakeprogress.障碍yourchildhasfailedtoclearthefirst.hurdle：yourchildhasfailedtoovercomethefirstdifficulty.Heretheverbclearmeanstogetoverthehurdlewithouttouchingit.disown:tomakeitknownthatyounolongerhaveanyconnectionwithsomeonethatyouwerecloselyconnectedwith;deny.脱离关系,不承认与自己有关系;否认,.,“Matissedidntgetrolling.：Matissedidntbecomesuccessful.get(something)rollingmeanstomakeprogressortoprosper.Note10P96Note10-18P96,.,lifedoesnthaveoneact.:Thisisametaphorwithwhichtheauthorcompareslifetoaperformanceoraplay.Bythismetaphortheauthorissayingthatpeoplemayhavedifferenttalentsthatcouldbeshowninvariousphasesoftheirlives.Note19,.,sequel:abook,filmorplaywhichcontinuesthestoryofapreviousbook,etc.续集，续篇dotty：slightlystrangeormentallyill疯疯癫癫的；半痴的；低能的Chinesetranslationof“matriculationfixationcampusvisit.”父母对子女大学录取的偏执态度在参观校园的时候会达到荒谬可笑的顶峰。,.,high-profileinstitutions:Itreferstofamousuniversities.renown:n.thestateofbeingfamouswhoserenownhasinsomewayprecededthem.“:whosefamehasmoreweightthantheseinstitutionsthemselves.Theauthorsuggeststhatsomeparentsthinkmoreofthefameofauniversitythantheuniversityitself,henceitisneverentirelyclearwhatparentsarelookingfor.,.,Chinesetranslationof“Hereitisnever.precededthem.”:我们从来都不知道父母们究竟在校园里寻找什么，尤其是那些一流的大学，这些学校的卓著声誉在诱惑他们。,.,MIT:MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology麻省理工学院pokefunat：取笑，嘲弄nerd:aperson,especiallyaman,whoisunattractiveandawkwardorsociallyembarrassing呆子；讨厌的人herethewordreferstoMITstudentswhoarestereotypicallyawkwardandsociallyuncomfortable.,.,“DuringarecentvisittoMITasanerdfactory.”:RecentlyImadeavisittoMIT,andIwatchedthefirstthirtysecondsofanadmissionsofficemakingjokesabouttheuniversitysreputation.Theuniversityisridiculedtobeafactorywhichturnsoutverysmartbutboringpeople.,.,Chinesetranslationof“DuringarecentvisittoMITasanerdfactory.”:最近我去了一趟麻省理工学院，看了学校招生办公室制作的一份音像资料的前30秒，里面开玩笑地称这所名校为“书呆子工厂”。,.,QUESTION,Whatdoestheadmissionsoffice(招生办公室)videohopetoconvey?Andwhatdoestheauthorfind?TheadmissionsofficevideotriestodismissthesayingthatMITisafactorythatproducesboringandunfashionablepeoplewhoarenotgoodatcommunicatingwithotherpeopleinsocialsituations.However,theauthorsawalotofsuchpeopleonthecampus.,.,ConclusionofPara.12,Thisparagraphgivestheauthorsviewonasecondclassofobsessives.Theauthorarguesthatenteringaprestigiousuniversityisnotacriteriontojudgeapersonssuccess,becausesomekidsarelatebloomers.Somekidsarebetteroffinalesscompetitiveenvironment.Lotsofpeopleachievehugesuccessinthissocietywithoutadegreefromaprestigiousuniversity.InadditionheoffersthereassuringadvicethatlifedoesnthavejustoneAct.ThereisoftenActTwo.AndActFive.,.,Para.13,onehigh-strungmother:oneverynervousmother.Whenitisusedasaverb,thewordstringmeanstomakesomebodytense.buck:(informal)dollarforkover:togivesth.,especiallymoneytosomeone,especiallywhenyoudonotwantto(尤其指不情愿地)付出,支付，大量花钱darned:adj.politeversionofdamned,.,Thewomanshuddered,notingthatforkingovereightdollarsfordinnereverynightcouldgetprettydarnedexpensive.:Thewomanshookalittlebit,realizingspendingeightdollarsonadinnereverynightcouldbeveryexpensive.Translation:那位母亲吓得发抖，每天的晚餐就要花掉八块钱简直是天价了。,.,Para.14,grand(informal):onethousanddollarsItsgoingtocostyoufortygrandtosendyourkidtoschoolhere,Iinterjected.:Itsgoingtocostyoufortythousanddollarstosendyourkidtoschoolhere,Iinterrupted.,.,QUESTIONWhatisthemeaningoftheauthorsremarkDontstartworryingaboutdinnerprices?TheauthormeansthatdinnerpriceswouldbetrivialcomparedwiththetotalcostofMIT.,.,ConclusionofPara.13-14,Thetalkaboutdinnerpricesinthesetwoshortparagraphsseeminglyhassomethingtodowithaffordability(支付能力，负担能力),itisactuallyananecdotetheauthorusestopokefunatthoseallparents.,.,Para.15,repertory:n.therepe