曼昆 宏观经济学 第七版 讲义(1)ppt课件

TheScienceofMacroeconomics,1,2010UPDATE,Inthischapter,youwilllearn:,abouttheissuesmacroeconomistsstudythetoolsmacroeconomistsusesomeimportantconceptsinmacroeconomicanalysis,Importantissuesinmacroeconomics,Whatcausesrecessions?Whatis“governmentstimulus”andwhymightithelp?Howcanproblemsinthehousingmarketspreadtotherestoftheeconomy?Whatisthegovernmentbudgetdeficit?Howdoesitaffectworkers,consumers,businesses,andtaxpayers?,Macroeconomics,thestudyoftheeconomyasawhole,addressesmanytopicalissues,e.g.:,Importantissuesinmacroeconomics,Whydoesthecostoflivingkeeprising?Whyaresomanycountriespoor?Whatpoliciesmighthelpthemgrowoutofpoverty?Whatisthetradedeficit?Howdoesitaffectthecountryswell-being?,Macroeconomics,thestudyoftheeconomyasawhole,addressesmanytopicalissues,e.g.:,U.S.RealGDPpercapita(2000dollars),long-runupwardtrend,U.S.InflationRate(%peryear),U.S.UnemploymentRate(%oflaborforce),Socialproblemslikehomelessness,domesticviolence,crime,andpovertyarelinkedtotheeconomy.Forexample,Whylearnmacroeconomics?,1.Themacroeconomyaffectssocietyswell-being.,Whylearnmacroeconomics?,2.Themacroeconomyaffectsyourwell-being.,Inmostyears,wagegrowthfallswhenunemploymentisrising.,Whylearnmacroeconomics?,3.Themacroeconomyaffectselectionoutcomes.,Unemploymentincludetwoexogenousvariablesineachequation.2.Drawasupply-demandgraphforwirelessphones.3.Useyourgraphtoshowhowachangeinoneofyourexogenousvariablesaffectsthemodelsendogenousvariables.,Theuseofmultiplemodels,Noonemodelcanaddressalltheissueswecareabout.E.g.,oursupply-demandmodelofthecarmarketcantellushowafallinaggregateincomeaffectspricemodelswithstickypricesdescribetheeconomyintheshortrun.Macroeconomiceventsandperformancearis