it用法总结（经典版）

it的用法,1.it作人称代词Everyoneknowsthat_isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.A.it,itB.what,whatC.it,whatD.what,it,1.it作人称代词1.1.it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:Iloveswimming.Itkeepsmefit.1.2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Isthisyourdog？No,itisnt.1.3用以代替指示代词this、that。Whatsthis?-Itsapen.1.4可用来指做某个动作的人或与某事有关系的人。Whoismakingsuchanoise?-Itmustbethechildren,1.it作人称代词(1)MrSmithisatthedoor._wantstoseeyou.(2)Someoneisatthedoor._mustbeMrSmith.A.HeB.ItC.ThisD.That,2.非人称代词itit有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it：2.1.指天气：Itwasverycold;itsnowedandgrewdark.2.2.指时间:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.2.3.指环境:Itwasveryquietinthecaf.,2.4.指距离：Itishalfanhourswalktothecitycentre.,.引导词it1.Itis+被强调部分+that.,使用该句型有以下几点请注意：强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数.ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet,不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词.ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday,被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。1)Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday2)ItwasIthat/whometyourfatherinthestreetyesterday强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。ItistheywhoareourfriendsItwasnotuntiltenoclockthatwegothomelastnight,1.虚拟语气的三种基本表达式if主句2.省略if的倒装句中哪种情况下可以省略3.wish后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气?4.wish后面跟的宾语从句5.hope有没有虚拟语气？可以说hopethat/hopetodo,但是能不能说hopesbtodo？6.Wouldratherwish后面跟的宾语从句,注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。Itiswasthat为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。比较：1)Itwastenoclockwhenwegothomelastnight我们昨晚到家时已十点了。2)Itwasattenoclockthatwegothomelastnight我们昨晚是在十点到家的。,要点点拔,2.Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语“直到才”，可以说是not.until.的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.,3.it用作形式主语3.1代替主语从句1）Itis+adj.+that从句Itisclear(obvious，true，possiblecertain.)that.“清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”Itisveryclearthathesroundandtalllikeatree.Itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural.)that.that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.,2）.Itis+v-ed+that从句Itissaid(reported，learned.)that.据说（据报道，据悉）“。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded.)that.主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.,3）.Itisapity(ashame.)that.that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.Itisapitythatheisill.,4).Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that.该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是常用过去时态表示虚拟常译为“是（正是）的时侯”Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.Itisthefirst(second.)timethat.“是第一（二）次”。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.,5).Ithappens(seems，looks，appears)that.该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧.Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来,3.2.作形式主语替代不定式1).Ittakessb.todosth.做要花费某人IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.2).Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，stupid，wisewrong等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.iskindtodosth.。Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.3).Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.常见的形容词有：important，necessary，naturaleasy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult,dangerous，等。在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.,Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood,nouse,uselessItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutwritingEnglish.ItsuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.,3.3.作形式主语替代ing形式,4.It作形式宾语.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为6123结构。6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.,4.It作形式宾语.1.Ittookusoveranhour_alongthestreet.A.walkB.towalkC.walkingD.walked2.Ithinkitagreathonour_tovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited3.Manypeoplenowmake_aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this_4._isverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.A.ThisB.WhatC.ThatD.It,五、特殊句型1).Itis.since.。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.2).Itis.when.。“当的时候，是”Itwas5oclockwhenhecamehere.,3).Itbe.before.该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long，notlong，3days，2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“之后”。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.,4）.Itlooks(seems)asif.该句型中it无意义，asif引导一个状语从句。常译为，“看起来好象”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）Itlooksasifhewereill.（没有生病）Itseemedasifheweredying,5）.Itdoesntmatterwhether(if).该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为“不论（是否）没关系。Itdoesntmatteriftheyareold.,6）makeit及时赶到;成功;办成Youcanmakeitifyouhurry.Youneedntworry;hewillmakeit.,7）putit说,评价“Heisanhonestman.”Tomputit.,用It作形式主语的句型：(1)Itisadj.todosth.Itisdifficulttotranslatethisarticle.翻译这篇文章很难。(2)Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.学习英语对我们很重要。Itskindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真是太好了。(3)Itisuptosb.todosth.“应由某人负责”或“是某人的职责”。Itsuptoyoutodecidewhethertotakethejobornot.接不接受这份工作由你自己定。,(4)Itisadj.that-clauseItisimportantthatweshouldpaycloseattentiontograin.关注粮食对我们很重要。(5)Itis(no)good/use/uselessdoingsth.ItisnousetryingagainItisofnousetotryagain.再试也没用。(6)Itisworthwhiledoingsth./todosth.Itisworthwhilespending/tospendmuchtimeonit.在这件事上花时间是值得的。,(7)Ithappensthat-clauseIthappenedthatJohnwastheonlywitness.碰巧约翰是唯一的证人。(8)Itoccursto/strikessb.that-clause某人突然想到Itsuddenlyoccurredto/struckmethatIhadntseenPeterallday.我突然想到，我一整天都没看见彼得。(9)Itissaid/reported/announced/(well)knownthatItisknowntousallthathemeanswell.我们都知道他是好意的。(10)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Ittookusonemonthtocompletethisproject.我们花了一个月完成这项工程。,It作形式宾语的句型:(1)主语vt.(think/consider/feel/suppose/believeetc.)itadjtodosth.Ifounditdifficulttoexplaintohimwhathappened.我觉得向他解释清发生了什么事很困难。(2)主语vt.ituseful/useless/nogood/nousedoingsth.Hethoughtitnousegoingoverthesubjectagain.他认为再讨论这个问题没有用了。(3)主语vt.itadj.thatclauseHedidntmakeitclearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.他没有明确说明会议在什么时间、什么地点举行。,(5)seetoitthat务必使，保证使Willyouseetoitthattheluggageisbroughtback?你能保证行李会被拿回来吗？(6)表示喜欢，恨等心理方面的动词如:like,love,hate,appreciate,dislike等后加上it作形式宾语，再加上that/if/wh-从句作真正宾语。Idappreciateitifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.如果你愿意教我如何用电脑我将不胜感激。Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeir