全新版大学英语第一册课件[climbenglish.com攀登英语网].ppt

CollegeEnglishBook1,授课教师：卢冠东河南城建学院QQ:403096966HenanUniversityofUrbanConstruction更多资源访问：攀登英语网,Unit1,Unit2,Unit3,Unit4,Unit5,Unit6,Unit7,Unit8,Well,Congratulationonyoursuccess.Welcometoourinstituteandwelcometomyclass.Wearefriendsnow.Idliketosaysth.toyou.Topic1.YourLearningTaskBoysandgirls,youllbeginanewlongmarch.InordertolearnEnglishwellandtopassCET,Band4orBand6(英语四，六级)oneortwoyearslateryoullhavetoworkharderthanever.,FreeTalk,YoullhavenochoicebuttolearnmorethanonethousandEnglishwordsorexpressionsineachtermwithintwoyears(5,000words/2years).Inbothjuniorandseniormiddleschools,youspent6yearslearningabouttwothousandEnglishwordsandexpressions(2,000words/6years).Thatsagreatgapordifferencebetweenthem.Soitistruethatyoushouldstudyharderthanyouinthepast,orelseyoullregret.Topic2.TimeforyourstudyinClassWehavefourclasseseachweekandfinishoneunitinlessthantwoweeks,whileinmiddleschoolyouhad6-8classeseachweek.Thatis,tosay,youmustmakefulluseofyoursparetimebeforeclasstoprepareyourlessonandafterclasstogooverwhatyouvelearned.TherearefourpartsineachUnit.PartIandIIIaredesignedtobestudiedbyyourself,whilepartIIandIVwellstudytogetherinclass.Andyoushouldgetreadyforthemandreviewthem(Also,TextBisasimportantasTextA).Otherwise,youllhavedifficultiesinyourEnglishlearning.Wedonthopeso.Topic3.StudyingmethodsDiligenceisthebestwaytolearnEnglish.Studyingdiligentlyandtraininghard(勤学苦练),abestpolicy,willtellmanyeffectivewaystoyouandleadyoutosuccess.LearningEnglish,isaboutthesametolearningswimming,shooting,etc.practiceisimportantandnecessary,Englishisacourseoftechnicalabilityorskill,notatheorycoursethatunderstandingisOK.Skillcomesfrompractice.Practicemakesperfect.OtherSuggestions:Readcarefully“Compilingintroductiontoteachingmaterialsseries(New)”and“OnCompilationandUseoftheIntegratedCourse”,请细读：1.大学英语系列教材（全新版）编写前言2.关于编写教材的编写和使用。PuttousethefiveAppendixesattachedtothebook使用书后的五个附录。Youcangainsomethingfromthosematerials.Ihopeyoumakeprogresseveryday.Iexpectyoursuccessinthefuture.Well,intheend,Pleaseremember:ThekeyforyoutostudyingEnglishis:Allthattakesispractice.NowletsstudyUnit1.,Unit1GrowingUp,TextAWritingforMyself,TeachingplanObjectives1.Graspthemainidea(theessenceofwritingistowritewhatoneenjoyswriting)andstructureofthetext(narrationinchronologicalsequence)2.Appreciatethenarrativeskillsdemonstratedinthetext(selectionofdetails,repetition,coherence);,3.Masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;4.Conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.,ReadingGuidance,Cluesforreadingthetextandthemaincontents:1.Mainideaofthetext:Thisarticleismainlyabouttheveryessenceoftheessay:Writingnotonlyforreadersbutalsoforoneself,towritewhatoneenjoyswritingabout.2.Itsstructureandmaincontents:Thistextcanbedividedintothreeparts.Partone(paras1-2),Anintroduction:,Mainidea:BakerasboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourse,includingessaywritingandBakersfirstimpressionofhisnew“prim”Englishteacher.Moreindetail:InPara1Bakersideaofbecomingawritertookholdinhisthirdyearinhighschool.Untilthen,hedbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses,includingessaywriting.Inthisway,Bakerleavesusasuspense.Ontheonehand,hewantedtobeawriterandtheideatookhold.OntheotherhandhehatedEnglishcourse.Isitself-contradictory?Why?,InPara2.Whatsmore,BakersfirstimpressionofhisthirdyearEnglishteacher.Mr.Fleaglewasterrible,notgood.Therefore,helosthisconfidenceinhisteacherandanticipatedanothercheerlessyear.Causesforthat:1).Mr.Fleagle2).He3).Tomehe4).He5).HePartTwodescribeanewexperience:Mainidea:Bakerfoundhimselfattractedbyoneparticulartopicandwroteaboutitforhisownjoy.ContentsofPartII:teachersassignment,Bakerschoiceandhiswriting.Moreindetail:fromPara3to5.AttheverybeginningofPara3,thefirstsentenceisatransitionalsentence.Itformsaconnectinglinkbetweentheproceedingandthefollowing.Thenthewriterstartstalkingabouthisnewexperience.“Laterintheyearwetackledtheinformalessay”AndstartingfromPara6.containing“WhenIfinished”and“nextmorning”thewriterstopswritingabouthisnewexperience;Process:1.Teacherassignedahomeworkofwritingessay.,2.Mosttopicsseemedtobedull,unwelcome.3.Putoffthewritingassignmenttillthelastminute.4.Oneofthetopic:“TheArtofEatingSpaghetti”5.Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages:vividmemories,allthegoodhumor6.Suddenlyhewantedtowriteaboutthatforhisownjoy.Towriteitashewanted.PartThree.Whatthenewexperiencemeanttohim(Paras6-9),Mainidea:Theexperienceofwritingtheessayhelpedhimdiscoverhistalentforwritingandrealized.Whathewishedtodoinlife.ContentsofPartIII:turnedinhispaperandnotreturned,teachersannouncementandreadinghispaper,theclasslisteningattentivelyandlaughing,mypuredelightfeeling,discoveredacalling,theveryessenceoftheessay/paper.Hint:writingformyself3.Characteristicofthewriting:1).Fromtheanalysisabovewecannow:Thisarticleiswrittenonthebasicoftheprocessoftheeventsdevelopment.,2).Coherence(前后照应，首尾一贯，一致性)inwriting:thesentence“Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventhhourasitwere,Ihaddiscovered”inPara9.cohereswiththesentenceinPara1.”“TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBellevile,butitwasntuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.”3).Narrationinchronologicalsequence:Thispieceisafamiliaressay,notetimesequence.,Pleasecircleallthetimewords,phrasesandclausesinTextA(Theyinclude:sincemychildhoodinBelleville,untilmythirdyearinhighschool,untilthen,whenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglish,lateintheyear,untilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue,whenIfinished,nextmorning,twodayspassed,whenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdesk,whenMr.Fleaglefinished).,4).Spaghettiandtheproperwayofeatingit:SpaghettiistheItalian-stylethinnoodle,cookedbyboilingandservedwithsauce.Usuallyyouwouldputaforkintoaplateofspaghetti,turntheforkseveraltimessothatspaghettiwillwindaroundthefork,thenplacetheforkintoyourmouth.Itsimpolitetosuck.,5).Grammaticalstructure:sb./sth.issaid/believed/reportedtodo/beAmodelforyou:-WhatkindofpersonisMr.Fleagle?-Hewassaid/reported/believedtobeveryformal,rigidandhelplesslyout-of-date.,6).Selectingdetails:Onecharacteristicofafamiliaressayisusingdetailstoprovetheauthorspoint.Now,answersomequestions:-InPart1,whatdetailsareselectedtoshow“IdbeenboredwitheverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses”?-InPara1,whatdetailsaregiventoshowthatMr.Fleaglewasdullandrigid?,-InPart2,whichsentencesshowthatatfirstBakerwasunwillingtowritetheessay?-InPara3,theauthordidnttellusdirectlythathisessaywasverygood.Bywhichsentencesdidhemanagetogiveustheimpressionthathisessaywasverygood,Analyzethedifficultsentences,1.,butitwasntuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.(lines2-3p.1.)Thisisacleftsentence(分离句).Structure:It+bethat/whoItmeans:,butthepossibilitydidnttakeholduntilmythirdyearinhighschool.2.Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages.(line24/p.4.)译文：这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图象。3.thatmywordshadthepowertomakepeoplelaughThisisanadverbialclauseofcause(原因状语从句)。,TextAnalysisRussellBakerisverygoodatselectingdetails(seePartIVWritingStrategy)toprovehispoint.Forexample,inPara.2hecreatesanunfavorableimageofMr.Fleaglebydescribinghis“form,rigidandhopelesslyout-of-date”eyeglasses,hairstyle,clothes,jaw,nose,andmannerofspeaking.Whatsmore,RussellBakeremploysrepetitionnotonlytomakeiteasyforreadertofollowwhatheissaying,butalsotoimpressthemmoredeeply.Forexample,inPara.2,thereare9primsorprimlysinasfewas3sentences!ThusreaderswillhaveintheirmindavividpictureofwhatMr.Fleaglelookedlike.,AnotherexampleofsuchrepetitioncanbefoundinPara.5.CounthowmanyIwantedsthereareinthisparagraph(therere5!).TheyhelptoemphasizeRussellBakersstrongdesiretowriteforhimself.Ontheotherhand,wherethisstylisticdeviceisnotjustified,Bakerisalsoexpertinavoidingrepetitionbyemployingsynonymouswordsandphrases.Herearesomeexample:,a.dull,lifeless,cheerless,tediousb.turnout,write,compose,putdownC.anticipate,prepareford.formal,rigid,prim,correct,proper,respectablee.vividmemoriesofsth.Comefloodingbacktosb.,sth.Reawakesinonesmind,sb.Recallssthf.recapture,reliveg.pleasure,delight,happinessh.contempt,ridiculei.topic,title,第一课IV.LanguageStudy1.TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasntuntilmythirdyear,inhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.:-EversinceIwasachildinBelleville,Ihadthoughtofbecomingawriterfromtimetotime,butIdidntmakeupmyminduntilIwasintheeleventhgrade.从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。Offandon(oronandoff):fromtimetotime,nowandagain.,irregularly断断续续地；有时Examples:Ithasbeenrainingonandoffforaweek.Thatswhytheclothesfeeldamp.Asherpatientsleptsoundlyduringthenight,NurseBettywasabletodozeoffandoninabedsidechair.possibility:stateofbeingpossible;(degreeof)likelihood(usu.followedbythat-clauseorof)可能（性）Examples:IsthereanypossibilityoflifeonMars?Theyhaventarrived.Thereisapossibilitythattheyhavetakenthewrongroad.takehold:becomeestablished生根，确立Examples:TheideaofonechildonlyhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.,Oldhabitsdiehard.Thatswhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold.2.UntilthenIdbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses.:-UptothenIhadlostinterestinthingsrelatedtoEnglishcourses.此前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都烦。bore:make(sb.)feeltiredandloseinterest使（人）厌烦Examples:Thespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech,TomSawyergrewboredwithpaintingthegardenfence,sohethoughtofawaytomakeotherspaintforhim.associate(with):joinorconnecttogether;connectorbringinthemind使联系起来；使联想Examples:WeassociateEgyptwithpyramids.Icantassociatethisgentleyoungwomanwiththeradicalpoliticalessaysshehaswritten.Jimwishedtoforgeteverythingassociatedwithhisformerlife.3.Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite:Ifounditpainfultowritelong,boringessaysasrequiredbyteachers;neitherdidteachersenjoywhatIwrote.我痛恨那些又臭又长的段落写作，老师看着受累，我写着痛苦。,turnout:produce编写；生产，制造Examples:Newcomputersaresoonoutdatedsincenewermodelsareturnedoutconstantly.Americanfilmstudiosturnouthundredsoffilmseveryyear.4.WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.:-WhenitwasdecidedthatMr.FleaglewouldteachusEnglishduringmythirdyearinhighschool,IexpectedtheEnglishcoursetobeasboringasbefore.弗利格尔先生接我们高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最单调乏味的课上再熬上苦恼的一年。anticipate:expect(usu.followedbygerundorthat-clause)预期，期望Examples:Thepolicehadanticipatedtroublefromthesoccerfansandwereatthegroundinlargenumbers.TheyanticipatethatdeathsfromAIDSwillhavedoubledby2002.Weanticipaterunningintoproblemsincarryingoutthemedicalwelfarereform.5.tedious:boringandlastingforalongtimea.乏味的；冗长的Examples:Themoviewassotediousthatmanyviewersleftbeforeitwasover.LaurafoundGeorgetobetediousanddecidednottoseehimanymore.,6.reputation：(an)opinion(aboutsb.orsth.)heldbyothersn.名声；名誉Examples:PremierZhuRongjihasahighreputationasastatesmanintheworld.JimKerryhasquiteareputationforbeingcomic.7.inspire:fill(sb.)withconfidence,eagerness,etc.vt.激励，鼓舞Examples:MartinLutherKingsspeechesinspiredpeopletofightforequaltreatmentofAfricanAmericans.Thelastleafonthetreethatneverfelloffinspiredthedyingpatientwiththewilltoliveon.8.rigid:(oftendisapproving)fixedinbehavior;basedoncorrectoracceptedrulesa.一成不变的，严格的Examples:Ifhehadbeenalittlelessrigidaboutthings,hisdaughterwouldnothavelefthomeatsuchayoungage.Therigidheadmasterwouldbuttonuphisclothesevenonthehottestdays.9.outofdate:old-fashioned过时的Examples:Newwordsareconstantlyaddedtoourvocabularywhilesomeoldwordsgooutofdate.Althoughherclotheswereoutofdate,theoldwomanappearedcleananddignified.10.severe:1)completelyplaina.朴素的,Examples:Thewidowworeasevereblackdresstoherhusbandsfuneral.EarnestHemingwayisknownforhisseverewritingstyle.2)stern,strict严厉的，严格的Examples:Onlythosewhohaveundergoneseveretrainingcanbeacceptedintotheairforce.FuLeiwassoseverewithhissonthatevenhiswifewouldcry.3)causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.严重的，剧烈的Examples:TheseverechestpainexperiencedbytheVice-Presidentprovedtobeaheartattack.Afactorymustturnoutnewerandbetterproductstowinintheclimateofseverebusinesscompetition.11.IpreparedforanunfruitfulyearwithMr.Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed.:-IexpectedthatthingswouldntimprovewithMr.FleagleasourEnglishteacher,andforalongtimeIwasrightinmyexpectations.我作好准备要在弗利格尔先生的班上混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。(Notethathereisatouchofirony.)12.Lateinheyearwetackledtheinformalessay.:Lateintheyearwelearnedhowtowriteinformalessaysandpracticedwritingthem.后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。tackle:dealwithVt.处理，应付Examples:,Toshiba(东芝)recentlydesignedarobotthatcantackle,almostanykindsofhouse-work.Theclassroomwasquietasstudentswerebusytacklingthefinalexam.13.finally:atlast(usu.usedinthefollowingsituations:indicatingthatsth.isthelastoneinaseriesofthingsorevents;introducingafinalpoint,askingafinalquestion,ormentioningafinalitem;whensth.happensthatyouhavebeenwaitingforalongtime,youcansaythatitfinallyhappens)ad.最终，终于Examples:Mr.SmithlivedinTurkey,France,andNorwaybeforefinallysettlinginMexico.Finally,Ishouldliketothankyouallforcomingandtowishyouapleasantjourneyhome.Finallyhecametorealizehismistakeandapologizedtohisparents.Afteryearsofwarthetwocountriesfinallysignedapeaceagreement.14.faceupto:bebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith(aproblemordifficulty)勇敢地接受或对付Examples:YeltsinfaceduptothefactthathewasnolongerfitfortheRussianpresidencyandresignedonNewYearsEve.Nowthatyourdaughterisborn,youllhavetofaceuptotheresponsibilitiesofbeingafather.,15.scan:lookthroughquicklyv.浏览，粗略地看Examples:Thebankerscannedthefinancialsectionofadozennewspapersoverbreakfast.Scanthetableofcontentsandtellmehowmanychaptersareonchilddevelopment.16.Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages,:AtthesightofthetitleIsawanunusualseriesofpicturesinmymindseye.这个题目点起了我脑海里一连串不同寻常的图像。sequence:connectedlineofevents,ideas,etc.n.一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序Examples:AsequenceofbadharvestsforcedsomeAfricancountriestoaskforforeignaid.TheFalloftheRomanEmpirewaswritteninhistoricalsequence.image:apictureformedinthemindn.形象；印象；（图）像Examples:Manypopstarstrytoimprovetheirpublicimagebyparticipatingincharityevents.ThroughmonthsofletterwritingJohnformedanimageofhispenpal.17.vivid:abletoproducesharpclearpicturesinthemind;lifelike形象的，生动的；有生气的Examples:Inthelittlegirlsvividimaginationthecurtainwrappedaround,herbodybecameaprincesssgown.Thebirdswerepaintedinsuchavividwaythatacatjumpeduptocatchthem.18.recall:bringbacktothemind;remember(usu.followedbynoun/gerund,orthat-clause)vt.回想起，回忆起Examples:Irecognizethefacebutcantrecallhername.Idontrecallevermeetingher.Sherecalledthatshehadtoseethedoctoragainthatafternoon.19.argument:disagreement,quarreln.论据，论点；争论Examples:Thebrideandhermothergotintoanargumentaboutwhethertowearwhiteorredonherweddingday.Maryfoundthatcompromisewasalwaysthebestpolicywhenshehadanargumentwithherhusband.20.putdown:writedown写下Examples:Whatstheuseofapasswordtoyourcomputerifyouputitdownonapieceofpaperstucktothecomputerscreen?Thehousekeeperputdownthedailyeinalittlenotebook.21.violate：actagainstvt.违背，违反Examples:Speedingindowntownareasviolatestrafficregulations.Acountryisntrespectedifitviolatesaninternationalagreement.,pose:writeorcreate(music,poetry,etc.)vt.创作Examples:Thepresidentsspeechisreallybrilliant.Doyouthinkitwascomposedbyhimselforbysomeoneelse?JohnLennoncomposedthesongBeautifulBoyforhisson.23.turnin:handin(workthatonehasdone,etc.)交（作业）Examples:Foryourfinalgrade,eachofyoumustturnina7-pagepaper.Itissaidthatifapolicemanisorderedtoturninhisgun,itismeantasapunishment.24.IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr.Fleagleimmediatelyafterschool我正准备听命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿去挨训。fordiscipline.:IexpectedthatMr.Fmand:1)n.order命令，指令Examples:Thecommandergavethecommandthatallprisonersofwarshouldbewelltreated.TherebelliousarmywouldnotobeyanycommandfromthePresident.2)v.giveanorderto命令，指令Examples:Thecaptaincommandedhismentoleavetheshipimmediately.,Thekingcommandedthatthevictorydaybecomeanationalholiday.(Aswiththeverbssuggest,demand,subjunctivemoodisusedinathat-clauseaftercommand.)25.whatsmore:inaddition,moreimportantly而且，此外；更有甚者Examples:Howcanyoulovethisman?HewatchesTValldaylong,andwhatsmore,heseemsnottohavebrushedhisteethformonths!Ms.StewartmanagesasuccessfulbusinessandgivesaweeklyTVcookingshow.Whatsmore,shehasalreadypublishedthreebooksongardening.26.holdback:preventtheexpressionof(feelings,tears,etc.)控制（感情、眼泪等）Examples:Peoplecouldhardlyholdbacktheirangerwhentheyfoundthatmillionsofdollarsofpublicfundshadbeenusedtobuildluxurioushousesforcityofficials.Johnnycriedbitterlyintheclassroom,notevenattemptingtoholdbackthetears.27.avoid:keeporgetawayfrom(usu.followedbynoun/gerund)vt.避免Examples:Thelittleboywhohadbrokenaneighborswindowranawaytoavoidpunishment/beingpunished.Hestayedawayfromthecaresothathecouldavoidrunningintohisformergirlfriend.,28.Intheeleventhgrade,attheeleventhhourasitwere,Ihaddiscoveredacalling.:Inmyeleventhgrade,andonemightsayatthelastpossiblemoment,IhadfoundsomethingIwishedtotakeupasacareer.theeleventhhour:thelastmomentbeforesth.importanthappens就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我发现了一个今生想做的事。Examples:Thepresidentsvisitwascalledoffattheeleventhhour.29.career:ajoborprofessionforwhichoneistrainedandwhichoneintendstofollowforthewholeofoneslifen.生涯，事业；职业Examples:Myfarmerparentshaveneverexpectedmetomakenovelwritingmycareer.Inherlongcareerasajournalist,BarbaraWaltershasinterviewedfamouspeoplefromallovertheworld.30.congratulation:expressionofjoyforsb.ssuccess,luck,etc.(usu.inpluralform,followedbyon)n.祝贺，恭喜Examples:TheyofferedtheircongratulationsontheartistswinningtheLifeAchievementAward.IheardthatyouhavebecomeCEO(ChiefExecutiveOfficer执行总裁)ofahightechcompany.Congratulations!,参考译文课文A成长我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。但有一位读者特别不该忘记。你能精出是谁吗?当拉塞尔贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。为自己而写拉塞尔.贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻粱，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。,我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们