过去分词的形式及意义.ppt

Grammar-PastParticiple,I.过去分词的形式和意义,1.过去分词通常由动词原形加-ed构成。此外还有少数不规则形式，有的不规则动词的过去分词有两种形式。有些现代语法著作把过去分词称为-ed分词（-edPaticiple),2.过去分词与其它非限定词一样，都没有时的特征，所不同的是，它形式单一，没有体与语态的变化。,3.及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的过去分词表示主动和完成意义。,II.过去分词的在句中的用法,1.过去分词（短语）表语,1.1过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于adj.,说明的是主语的状态,Allthewindowsarebroken.Allhopeisgone.Thisarticleiswellwritten.Heappearedmoresatisfiedwithmywork.,（1）有许多过去分词已经完全形容化了，它可以被very等副词修饰，可以有比较级等级形式，这类过去分词常见的有：amazed,bored,disappointed,disturbed,embarrassed,excited,frightened,interested,limited,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried等。,（2）有的过去分词可以被副词well修饰，如：built,cooked,done,dressed,known,organized,prepared,written等。,（3）其它副词也可以修饰过去分词，如：deeplymoved,greatlyindebted,highlydeveloped等。,1.2由过去分词构成的合成形容词也可以作表语,Theyarewell-behavedandwell-spoken.,1.3过去分词作表语时，其后可以接介词短语、不定式短语及that引导的宾语从句,Heisverymuchopposedtoyourplan.Themotherwaspleasedtohearfromherson.Imsatisfiedthatyoudidnttellmealie.,1.4“be+过去分词”有可能是一个系表结构，也有可能是一个被动结构，这两种结构的差别是：,（1）被动结构表动作，而系表结构表状态。（2）被动结构之后可以接by+动作的执行者，系表结构则不行。（3）系表结构中的过去词可以被well,very,much,quite等副词修饰，而被动结构中过去分词则不能。（4）系表结构中的过去分词往往具有固定的介词搭配。,Whyistheglassbroken?Bywhomistheglassbroken?,(系表结构）,(被动结构),Itiscoveredwiththickiceanddeepsnow.Yourtableshouldbecoveredbyawhitecloth.,(系表结构）,(被动结构),1.5注意:过去分词和ing分词作表语的区别：过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，如：Hearingthenews,wefeltverysurprised.听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶Thenewsisverysurprising.这个消息很令人惊讶。Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。Atthesightofthemovingscene,allthepeoplepresentweremovedtotears.看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。,2.摸底测验,Thepainterlookedso_(tire)afterworkingforawholeday.Iwas_(disappoint)withthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.Everybodyisreally_(excite)aboutthenewOlympicstadiums.Hiswoundbecame_(infect)withanewvirus.,tired,disappointed,excited,infected,小试牛刀,1.过去分词知多少,惊恐的人们预留的座位被污染的水拥挤的教室打碎的花瓶关了的门疲惫的观众,terrified/astonishedpeoplereservedseatspollutedwateracrowdedroomabrokenvaseacloseddoorthetiredaudience,III.过去分词作定语,1.单个过去分词作定语,通常前置,a.及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义。,abrokencupawoundedsoldieranunexpectedguesttheexcitedcrowd,b.不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。,agrownwomanaretiredofficer,C.合成的过去分词,amuch-neededreformstate-ownedenterprises,2.过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。,aletterwritteninpencilthebookrecommendedbyJackthemachinesproducedlastyearThissubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.,=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil,=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbyJack,=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear,=Thissubstance,whichwasdiscoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.,A,过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。,TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.,区别1,FallingleavesFallenleavesDisappointingnewsDisappointedpeopleExcitingstoryExcitedpeopleTiredpeople/ImtiredTiringfilm,正在飘的落叶已经落在地上的落叶令人失望的消息感到失望的人们激动人心的故事（感到）激动的人们累了的人/我感到累了（使人觉得）无聊的电影,区别2,Fallingleaves,Fallenleaves,区别2,Exercises:,1.Welivedinthehouse_(我舅舅们修建的).2.Anymedicine_(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.3.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan_(她制定的).4._(开水)5._(一个破碎的茶杯)6.three_(受伤的士兵),builtbymyuncles,taken,madebyher,boiledwater,abrokencup,woundedsoldiers,Exercises:,1.Mostofthepeople_(被邀请参加宴会的)werefamousscientists.2.Lessons_(易学的)aresoonforgotten.*_(易学的)lessonsaresoonforgotten.3.Thecomputercenter_(开办)lastweekispopularwiththestudents.,invitedtotheparty,learnedeasily,opened/started,Easily-learned,Exercises,Dontusewords,expressions,orphrases_D_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownAswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot_frommyfriendsA.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missedCleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayTheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying,A,C,C,5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun6.Thetelevisionisa_machine.A.newly-inventedB.new-inventedC.newly-inventD.newly-invention7._Englishisdifferentfrom_Englishinmanyways.A.Spoken,writtenB.Speaking,writtenC.Spoken,writingD.Speak,write,D,A,A,8.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars9.Pricesofdailygoods_throughacomputercanbelowerthansomestoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying10.MrSmith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring,D,B,A,11.Therewasaterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedMostofthepeople_tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited13.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened,B,A,D,14.Thisnewssounds_.A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.toencourage15.-HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?-well,hisfatherseems_withhisresult.A.pleasingB.pleaseC.pleasedD.toplease16.-Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?-Theygotvery_.A.exciteB.excitedC.excitedlyD.exciting,A,C,B,17.The_lookonMissWhitesfacetoldusthatshewas_greattrouble.A.worrying;inB.worried;inC.worrying;withD.worried;with18.Though_tostop,the_speakerkeptontalkingatthemeeting.A.beingtold;excitingB.tobetold;excitingC.told;excitedD.telling;excited19.Theautumnwindsentthe_leavesontheground_hereandthere.A.fallen;flyingB.falling;toflyC.fallen;flownD.falling;flew,B,C,A,senddoing使成为,20.Theaudience,greatly_byhisspeech,allvoicedsupportforthesuggestion.A.movedB.tobemovedC.movingD.beingmoved21.TheyellowRiver,_tobe“themotherriver”,runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.A.sayingB.tosayC.saidD.beingsaid22.-Whogaveyouthismessage?-Aman_himselfMrZhang.A.calledB.callingC.callsD.iscalled,A,C,B,23.Theeducationsystemratherthantheteachers_toanswerfortheoverburdenonthestudents.-Iagree.Ihopethereformbeingcarriedoutinourcountryatpresentwillbringaboutthe_result.A.are;desiredB.is;desiredC.are;desiringD.is;desiring24.-Shallwegoswimming?-OK.Illjustgoandget_.A.tochangeB.changedC.bechangedD.changing,B,B,getchanged换衣服,25.Thedooroftheshopremained_,thoughitwastenoclockam.A.openedB.openingC.lockedD.locking26.Mymotherwas_toseethework_soearly.A.astonishing;finishedB.astonished;finishingC.astonished;finishedD.astonishing;finishing27.Iadvise_early,butIdontadviseyou_that,sinceyoulackmuchsleep.A.gettingup;todoB.togetup;doingC.togetup;todoD.gettingup;doing,C,C,A,过去分词作宾语补足语,过去分词常表示动作的完成、状态或动作的全过程。宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在着被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时没有被动意味，只表示动作的完成和状态。,WhenIreturnedthere,Ifoundthebaggone.Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.,过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语,过去分词（短语）可以在有些动词所带的复合中作宾语补语语，宾语为过去分词（短语）的逻辑主语。过去分词（短语）作宾语补语有以下几种情况。,1.在感观动词feel,hear和see之后，如：,Iheardmynamecalled.Hefelthimselfcheated.Isawhiseyesfixedonmeincuriosity.,2.在有些可跟带to的不定式作宾语补语的动词之后，这类动词有：cantbear,hate,like,love,need,prefer,want,wish等，如：,Icantbearmysteakovercooked,andwantitunderdone.,我受不了牛排做得太熟，我想要它做得嫩。,Heneedshiscoatmended.Katewouldlikeherroompaintedwhite.Iprefereggsboiled.Wewishyourworkfinishedquickly.,3.在有些可跟现在分词作宾语补语的动词后，这类词有：discover,find,keep,leave,show等，如：,Idiscovered/foundtheplacedeserted.Thephotographshowedthedogtiedtoapost.Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.Didyouleavethedoorsandwindowsfirmlyfastened?,4.在使役动词get,have和make后，如：,Ishallmakemyviewsknowntoeverybody.,have和get带过去分词作宾语补足语含义与带现在分词作宾语补足语时相似：have和get有时表示有意识的行为，作“使”解，但动作的执行者不一定是句子的主语，如句（）；有时表示句子主语无意识的行为，作“经历”或“遭遇”解，如句（）；wonthave表示句子的主语不允许某种情况发生，如句（）：,Hehad/gothiscarserviced.Hehad/gothiscarstolen.Iwonthavemysonlaughedat.,他（找人）检修了他的车。,他的汽车被人偷了。,我不允许我的儿子被嘲笑。,现在分词作宾语补足语,现在分词作宾补时，通常表示一个正在进行或持续的动作，宾语与宾语补足语在逻辑上存在着主谓关系，即宾补所表示的动作通常中宾语发出来的。现在分词的被动式作宾补时，它仍表示一个正在进行或持续的动作，但宾语与宾补存在逻辑上的动宾关系。,Isawaboycryingthere.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Isawthechildbeingbeatenbyhisfather.Ioftenwatchedtheshipbeingloaded.,用所给单词的正确形式填空,1Whathehadsaidmademe_(surprise)2Myglassesarebroken.Illhavetogetthem_.(repair)3Thedoctorwarnedhim_foodaftertheoperation.(noteat),surprised,repaired,nottoeat,4Idontwantanybadwords_(say)abouthimbehindhisback.5Pleasegetthework_(do)assoonaspossible.6Illhavethematerials_(send)toyounextMondaymorning.7Shewonthaveherlongandbeautifulhair_(cut)short.,said,done,sent,cut,8Youshouldmakeyourvoice_(hear).9Iwantyoutokeepme_(inform)ofhowthingsaregoingwithyou.10Thepriceisfinewithme.Howwouldyoulikeit_(pay)?11AtlastIsucceededinmakingmyself_(understand).,heard,informed,paid,understood,Matchthetwopartstomakesentences.,1.Theywokeup,findingeverythingaroundchanging.2.Thegateremainedlockingandwehadtowaitoutside.3.Youllseemanyproblemstobesettledinthisway.4.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbeingtiedbehindhisback.,changed,settled,locked,改错,tied,Exercises:,Ifyouwant_immediately,youhavetogiveussomemoneyinadvance.A.thattheworkbedoneB.theworkdoneC.tohavedonethejobD.thejobthatisdone2.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.A.installB.toinstallC.tobeinstalledD.installed3.Youwillseethisproduct_whereveryougo.A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising,B,A,B,installsth.insth.安装,4.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAltanticOceaninfiveyears.A.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailed5.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair_againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove6.Dontgetyourschedule_;staywithusinthisclass.A.tochangeB.changingC.changedD.change,B,B,C,非谓语动词作宾补高考题点击：7.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.(95N)A.nottoB.nottodoC.nottoitD.donotto,A,为了避免重复，常用省略形式to来代替前面的动作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,Idliketo.有些动词后面需要用不定式作宾补，除tell外，常见的还有：adviseallowcauseconsiderencourageforbidforceintendorderpermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireurgewarnaskwishwant等特别注意：hope,agree,demand,suggest等没有宾补。,8Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.(95N)A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning9Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_.(99上海)A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone,使役动词make/have/letsb.dosth.但改为被动语态后，则应为：bemade/lettodo。注意其它不带to的动词不定式的用法。,此句中的it指代的是acomputer，what在从句中作do的宾语，表示“人们让计算机所做的事“应该用peoplehaveacomputerdo这一结构。需要注意的是have的几个常用结构：havesb./sth.do;havesb./sth.done;havesb./sth.doing;havesb./sth.todo,B,A,过去分词作状语,过去分词（短语）作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、和伴随情况。在过去分词（短语）前可带有从属连词when,until,if,unless,though,as,asif等。在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时，过去分词（短语）通常可转换为应的状语从句；在表示伴随情况时，通常可转换为一个并列的谓语成分或并列句中的一个从句。,1.作时间状语,Toldofhismothersaccident,Jackimmediatelyphonedthehospital.TranslatedintoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.Whenaskedtospeak,hecomplainedaboutthepoorservice.,2.作原因状语,Coveredwithconfusion,herefusedtoeat.Caughtintherain,hehadafever.,神志迷乱,3.作条件状语,Consideredfromthispoint,thequestionwillbeofgreatimportance.Cleared,thissitewouldbeveryvaluable.Thehousewilllookbiggerifpaintedwhite.Shewillgladlycometoyourhouseifinvited.,4.作让步状语,Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Thoughtoldtostop,hekeptonwalking.Eventhoughgiveneveryopportunity,theywouldnotcooperatewithyou.,5.作方式状语,Iamreturningyourletterasrequested.Hewaswalkingwithalimpasifinjured.Theladstartedoutofbed,asifawakenedfromsomedream.,6.作伴随状语,Marycameoutoftheroom,followedbyherdog.Acrowdrushedin,armedwithsticks.Hewasgazingintothedistance,fascinatedbythebeautifuleveningglow.,=and(she)wasfollowedbyherdog.,使迷惑,过去分词与现在分词的区别,过去分词只有一种形式，不像现在分词那样具有语态和时态的变化形式。现在分词的一般形式表示主动和进行意义，而及物云动词的过去分词表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的过去分词表示主动和完成意义。,Ifoundthemwateringflowers.Ifoundtheflowerswatered.,=Ifoundthattheywerewateringflowers.,=Ifoundthattheflowershadbeenwatered.,fallingleavesfallenleaves,=leaveswhichwere/arefalling.,=leaveswhichhave/hadfallen.,(3)两者所担任的句子成分基本相同，但过去分词不能像现在分词那样作结果状语。,(4)havingbeendone与done之区别Permitted,hewouldhavesucceededindoingthat.讨论：此句为什么不用havingbeenpermitted?本句的句意是“如果当时他被允许（做这件事）的话，他本会成功的”过去分词做状语可以表示条件，与if+done可以互换。而现在分词中的完成被动式不可以，它只可以表示完成被动，而且只有非谓语与谓语是很鲜明的先后关系时才可以用,如：Havingbeenfinished,hishomeworkwassenttohisteachertobecorrected.如果非谓语与谓语是一般的先后关系的话，直接用过去分词即可。如：Guidedbytheguide,hefoundtheplaceeasily.Scoldedbytheteacher,hefeltverydepressed.,关于非谓语动词作状语时的逻辑主语,1.非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语往往就是句子的主语.eg:.InordertopasstheEnglishexamination,_.A.Myfatherboughtmeadictionary.B.IoftengetupearlytoreadEnglish.C.Theimportantthingistomakefulluseoftime.D.Itisnotenoughtorememberthenewwords._fromthetopofthehill,thecitylookssobeautiful.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen.HesentmeanE-mail,_togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.hopeD.tohope,2.分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时,可以带有自己的主语-名词/代词+分词(独立主格结构),有时前面还可以加介词with构成复合结构.,Eg:Weatherpermitting,wellgooutforapicnictomorrow.Thehomeworkfinished,theboywenthome.Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.,3.现在分词作状语其逻辑主语与句中主语不一致的常见情况:,.Generally/Strictly/Franklyspeaking,Judgingfrom,Considering,Allowingfor(考虑到),Counting(算上),Supposing(假定),Talking/Thinkingof(谈到)用过去分词的情况:Given(鉴于),Takenasawhole(总之).Eg:_thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.A.GiveB.GivingC.GivenD.Togive,被动句中,分词常与被动结构动作的执行者形成逻辑关系.Theideacanbeexpressedusingasimplesentence.,当现在分词在句中作结果状语,其逻辑主语为前面整个句子时.如:Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,It作形式主语时,分词的逻辑主语通常是句子中所描述的主要对象.Havingsufferedsuchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.,Practise1).When_(heat)waterwillbechangedintovapour.While_(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)_(see)fromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful._(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)Generallyspeaking,when_(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.If_(take)thedrugaccordingtothedirections,youwillbebettersoon.,heated,heating,Seen,Seeing,taken,taking,Fillintheblanks,1)_(frighten)bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaretosleepinherroom.2)Theladyreturnedhome,_(follow)bytwopolicemen.3)If_(trap)inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.4)Although_(shoot)intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.5)Ilikereadingthenovels_(write)byZhangAiling.,Frightened,followed,trapped,shot,written,6)Thegirl_(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.7)ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_(repair).8)Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse_(paint)white.9)Therewasa_(surprise)lookonhisface.10)Hewas_(excite)atthegoodnews.11)Thestorywasso_(move)thathewas_(move)totears.,writing,repaired,painted,surprised,excited,moving,moved,1._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived2.“Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing3._moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven,C,A,A,5.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhishands.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied6.The_morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,_byhisnaughtyboy.A.following;followingB.followed;followedC.following;followedD.followed;following,D,C,7._hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting_then.A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld8._buthestillcouldntunderstandit.A.ToldmanytimesB.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes9._betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshinningbrightlyintheskyand_themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;giving,A,C,D,Thekey_，shewentthroughherhandbagcarefully.A.hadntbeenfoundB.havingnotbeenfoundC.nothavingbeenfoundD.wasntfound试题分析：选项A、D均为谓语形式，选择其中的任何一项前半部便成为一个分句，与后面的分句必须使用连词。以表示前后分句的逻辑关系，因此全部排除。选项B是现在分词的完成被动式，凡非谓语动词的否定形式，not必须加在最前面，因此也应排除。nothavingbeenfound同其逻辑主语thekey构成独立主格结构，作原因状语。本试题中句子的主语she不能充当分词的逻辑主语。,C,_youshouldhavenotroublewiththedifficultwork.A.KnowingthisB.IfyouareknowingthisC.FromknowingthisD.Ifyouhaveknowingthis试题分析：分词作状语时一般都可以转换为状语从句。本试题的选项B、D作为条件状语从句，时态不正确，应该排除。选项A的knowingthis的逻辑主语同句子的主语一致，符合要求，为正确答案。,A,Writteninahurry,_.Howcanitbesatisfactory?(2001年广州市综合测试一)A.theyfoundmanymistakesinthereportB.SammadelotsofmistakesinthereportC.thereareplentyofmistakesinthereportD.thereportisfullofmistakes试题分析：这时一道非常典型的试题。四个选项均为完整的句子，初看起来似乎不容易领悟试题的意图。其实，本题的意图仍然是考察分词作状语的知识。抓住试题意图就容易产生正确的思路哪个句子的主语能够同过去分词written的逻辑主语一致。沿着这个思路向前走，不难想到thereportwaswritteninahurry,试题的答案不言自明。,D,1).-Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?-_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.(99上海)A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting2).Inordertomakeourcitygreen,_.(02上海春季)A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretreesB.manymoretreesneedtoplantC.ourcityneedsmoretreesD.wemustplantmoretrees,C,D,3)._thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.(00北京春季)A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven4).HesentmeanE-mail,_togetfurtherinformation.(00上海)A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope,given作状语意为“考虑到”，意思相当于considering。,注意hoping为伴随状语而非目的状语，真正的目的是后面的toget。,B,A,现在分词与不定式作结果状语时的区别1).Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET1998)A.makingB.makesC.makeD.tomake2).Hehurriedtothestationonly_thatthetrainhadleft.(2005广东)A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound现在分词作结果状语往往表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中”的结果。不定式作结果状语时通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一种结果,A,A,1)._thiscake,youllneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making2).Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.tobetoldB.totoldC.toldD.telling3).Thestormleft,_alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused,C,A,D,4)._intouseinApril2002,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.PutB.PuttingC.Ha