Book 7_U3_Grammar and usage

牛津高中英语,(模块七高二下学期),AdvancewithEnglish,板块：教学设计课件,Unit,3,Grammarandusage,Auxiliaryverb,Unit3,课件描述：,学生将学会：1）什么是助动词（用于协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用）。2）助动词的功能（a.表示时态；b.表示语态；c.构成疑问句；d.与否定副词not合用，构成否定句；e.加强语气）。3）最常用的助动词（be,do,haveandmodals(shall,will,should,would)）。,Auxiliaryverbsareusedinformingtenses,moodsandvoicesofotherverbs.Theverbsusedforthispurposeincludebe,do,haveandmodals.,Whatareauxiliaryverbs?,1.HelikeEnglish.2.Hesinging.3.Hemarried.4.HesenttoEngland.5.youlikecollegelife?6.youstudyEnglishlastyear?etothepartytomorrowevening.8.Heknowthat.,doesnt,Auxiliaryverbs,is,hasgot,was,Do,Did,Do,did,be（am/is/are/was/were/been）do（does/did）have（has/had）modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）,Auxiliaryverbs,Auxiliaryverbs,Thesmallanimalsarekeptinthecages.Heisgivingalecture.TheInternethastoomuchinformationthathasnotbeenevaluatedforaccuracy.Yourhouseisbiggerandnicerthanmine.Iamtogoabroadonbusinesstomorrow.,1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:be作为本动词表示状态或客观存在等意思。be+不定词连用,表示约定、义务、命令等未来的动作或状态。be+现在分词构成各种进行时态。be+过去分词构成被动语态。be用于have/has/had后构成完成时。,1.be（am/is/are/was/were/been）,Auxiliaryverbs,HedidntfindanyusefulinformationontheInternet.Thesekindsoferrorsdonotoccurasoftenwhenpeopleusetraditionalreferencematerials.Then,whydoeshecomehere?Youdoknowalotaboutcomputers.NeverdidIseesuchastrangeman.,2.do（does/did）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:do作为助动词时的时态、人称和数的变化有do,does,did三种形式。do+主词+原形动词构成疑问句。do+not+原形动词构成否定句。do(+not)+主词用于附带问句。do+原形动词用于加强语气句。Never(Only)等+do+主词+原形动词用于倒装句。,2.do（does/did）,Auxiliaryverbs,Ihaveneverseensuchastrangeman.CanIhavemyhaircutnow?Ioftenhavemyassistanthelpmedoit.,3.have（has/had）,Tip:助动词have+过去分词构成完成时态。have+受词+过去分词表示请或让别人做某事。have+受词+原形不定词表示请或让某人做某事。,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Ok,Ishalldowhatyousaid.Ishallneverdosuchathing.Youshallgivemeacigarette,orIshalltelltheboss.WhereshallImeetyou?,Youshouldworkharder.Youmustputonmoreclothesincaseyoushouldcatchacold.,Auxiliaryverbs,Willyougivemeacigarette?Thiswillbewhatyouneed.Shewouldstandtheresleepingforhours.Ok,Iwilldoit.,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,CanIhelpyou,sir?Iamcheckingout.Couldyougivemethebill?Ofcoursewecanwait.Coulditbethechargeforthefruit?Icanthelpthinkingofit.,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）MustIgowithyou?No,youneednt.Youmustntforgetyourmedicalcard.Oh,itiswetoutside.Itmusthaverainedyesterday.Soitmustbeslipperyoutside.Dobecareful!Youneednthavetoldmethatmuch.,Auxiliaryverbs,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Idarenotsayitisugly.Howdareyousayso?,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:shall表示发言者的意志,包括诺言、决心、强制等;shall用于询问对方的意向。should表示义务，责任等。will用于第二人称疑问句中,询问对方意志或请求。will+原形动词用于所有人称,表意愿。would+原形动词表示过去一段时间的习惯。,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:4）can,could在口语中相当于may,might,表示许可。can,could表示能力,相当于beableto。can,could表示怀疑、推测,一般用于疑问句或否定句。can,could用于惯用语。canthelp或couldnthelp+动名词表示不得不、忍不住。,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:5)must表示必须、义务等,强调主观因素,haveto,强调客观因素。need可以对must引导的一般疑问句作否定回答。must的否定式表示不准,禁止等意思。must+have+过去分词表示对过去情况的推断。must+原形动词表示对现在情况的推断。neednt+have+过去分词表示过去不必做却已经做了的事。,4.modals（shall/should/will/would/can/could/may/might/must/need/dare）,Auxiliaryverbs,Tip:6)dare作为情态助动词，一般只能用于疑问句或否定句中。,5.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb（have(got)to,hadbetter/wouldsooner/rather(than)/cannot(help)but/be(not)to/besupposedto/oughtto/usedto/beaboutto/beableto）,Auxiliaryverbs,5.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb,Auxiliaryverbs,Itsgettinglate.Ive(got)togonow.Youdonthavetotakeoffyourshoes.Manycountrieswouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.Theticketshadbeensoldout,soIcouldnot(help)butgobackhome.Thechildrenaresupposedtobeatschoolbefore8a.m.,5.Aphrasalauxiliaryverb,Auxiliaryverbs,Iusedtolovecatsbutnotnow,becauseIwasonceattackedbyabigblackcat.Hedidntusetosmokewhenhewasyounger.Didheusetocomeasoftenashedoesnow?,AnswerstoPartA(p41),1.have2.havent3.dont4.didnt5.was6.did7.did8.didnt9.