过去分词作宾语补足语

Pastparticiplesusedasobjectcomplement(过去分词做宾语补足语),Grammar,概述英语中有些动词，除了有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句子才完整。过去分词作宾补表示该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，它对宾补作进一步的补充说明。,Wethinkhimclever.Whathesaidmademeangry.Theyconsidertheanswercorrect.EveryonecallshimTom.,宾语,宾补,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：,HisfathernamedhimDaming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.,(名词),(动词不定式),(现在分词或其短语),(形容词),(省略to的动词不定式),哪些可以做宾补？,5.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10oclock.6.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.7.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.8.Letthefreshairin.9.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.,(过去分词),(用as引出),(介词短语),(副词),(从句),作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系,1.及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。,2.少数不及物动词如go,change,fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示动作完成。因此,宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。Shefoundherringgoneonherwayhome.在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。,3.动词seat,hide,dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。如:WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。,过去分词作宾语补足语,三种情况,使役动词get,have,make,keep,leave等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表：“致使某人或某事被”,Weshouldkeeptheminformedofwhatisgoingonhere.,Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentists.,Ihadmyhair_yesterday.,cut,Thehouseisbroken.Pleasegetthehouse_(mend)now.,mended,Isawthey_intherain.,caught,XiaoXinfoundallhismoney_(steal)onhiswayhome.,stolen,unfinished,Mymotherneverallowmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework_.（finish）,Ihadmyrecorderrepaired.,(Iaskedsomebodyelsetorepairit.),Ihadtheroomcleaned.,(Iorganizedit.),Hehadhisfootinjured.,(somethingbadhappened.),Had+宾语+过去分词作宾补的用法,“使役动词have+宾语过去分词”的几种含义,Note1,1.意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.2.意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。Becareful,oryoullhaveyourhandshurt.3.意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）,Tom,Hehadhishaircut.,Hehadhisclotheswashed.,Hehadhisroomcleaned.,Hehadhiswallspainted.,Hehadhiscarrepaired.,hair,clothes,room,walls,car,Hegothisleginjured.,Hegothisglassesbroken.,Hegothiscameradamaged.,Hegothiswalletstolen.,2.感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做”。,IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.,Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown.,Note2,Isawhimgetoffthebus.,Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.,Isawhimlyingontheroadjustnow.,(to)do:整个过程-ed:被动-ing:主动,现在分词、过去分词与不定式作补语的区别,Isawhim_.,scold,scoldedbyhismother,Isaw_.,bite,himbittenbyadog,Isaw_.,rob,herrobbedbyaman,Fillintheblanks.,Iheardsomeone_me.Iheardmyname_.,IfoundTom_thewindow.Ifoundthewindow_.,calling,called,break,broken,Ihadmywatchrepaired.Ihadmyroomcleaned.Ihadmyfootinjured.,Shefoundhishaircut.Shefoundhisclotheswashed.Shefoundhisroomcleaned.,havesth./sb.done,findsth./sbdone,Hegothisleginjured.Hegothiscameradamaged.Hegothisglassesbroken.,getsth./sbdone,Isawhimbeatenbyhismother.Isawhimbittenbyadog.Isawhimrobbedbyaman.,seesth./sb.done,Imadehimpunished.,makesth./sb.done,Iwatchedhimkilled.,watchsth./sbdone,3.表示“意欲;命令”的动词如:like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了tobe,表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。,Iwishtheseletters(tobe)typedassoonaspossible.,Hedidntwantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.,Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.,2.看watch,notice,see,lookat,observecatch听hear,listento感feel闻smell发现find,3.情感want,wish,like,1.使役keep,leave,get,have,make,sth./sb.done,+,1)BeingpooratEnglish,ImafraidIcantmakemyself_.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood,D,2)Ihavehadmybike_,andImgoingtohavesomebody_myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing,C,3)Youmustgetthework_beforeFriday.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done,D,4)_theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder_.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;stolenC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen,B,5)Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem_soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling,settle解决,A,4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态,这时过去分词改作主语补足语,说明主语所处的状态。,Thedoorwasfoundbroken.,Herbagwasfoundstolenwhenshewokeup.,5.“with宾语过去分词”结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。,Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.(表方式),Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.(表条件),Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.(表原因),注意：,在这一结构中,当宾语为某一身体部位,且作宾补的动词是及物动词时,身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语,因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。(fixoneseyeson为固定短语)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。,当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时,用现在分词的形式。,Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.她觉得心跳很快。(beat意为“心跳”,是不及物动词),省略to的情况：,1)情态动词(除ought外,oughtto);2)使役动词let,have,make;3)感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补,省略to。注意:在被动语态中则to不能省掉。Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance.Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.,Note3,Exercise:,2.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired,C,3.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled4.Withtrees,flowersandgrass_everywhere,mynativetownhadtakenonanewlook.A.plantingB.plantedC.toplantD.tobeplanted,A,B,5.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking6.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_tothepublicuntillastThursday.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.tobeknown,C,B,7.Icanmakeyou_whatIsay,butyoucantmakeyourself_inEnglish.A.understand;understandB.understand,understoodC.tounderstand,understandD.understand;tobeunderstood,B,8.Hefoundthem_atatable_A.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechess9.Johnrushedoutinahurry,_thedoor_.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left,unlockedD.toleave;unlocking,C,A,11.Icouldfeelthe