初名词PPT课件

.,1,名词（Nouns),一、名词的分类二、可数名词三、不可数名词,.,2,一、名词的分类,名词是表示人或物的名称的词，它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词主要指1.人名：Mike2.地名：China3.某类人或某些事物名：Chinese,Sunday专有名词的第一个字母要大写。名词按可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。,.,3,二、可数名词,可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。1.可数名词复数形式的规则变化：（1）一般是直接在名词后面加s,如:desk-desks,game-games(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词，加es,如：class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,wish-wishes,.,4,(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变y为i再加-es。如：family-families(4)以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，加-s,如boy-boys(5)以f或者以fe结尾的单词，通常把f或者fe变成v,再加es,如：harf-harves,life-lives(6)以o结尾的名词，表示有生命的，加-es,如：hero-heroes,mango-mangoes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes(英雄们想吃芒果土豆和西红柿），表示无生命的，加-s,如：radio-radios,photo-photos,piano-pianos(zoo-zoos/zooes),.,5,2.可数名词复数形式的不规则变化：(1)变内部元音字母。如：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,Englishman-Englishmen,Englishwoman-Englishwomen,foot-feet,tooth-teeth(但mouse-mice/mouses，German-Germans,human-humans)(2)词尾加-(r)en。如：ox-oxen,child-children,.,6,(3)单复数同形。sheep-sheep,deer-deer,fish-fish,goldfish-goldfish,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese(4)man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，两个名词都要用复数。manteacher-menteachers,womandoctor-womendoctorsboystudent-boystudents,girlfriend-girlfriends,.,7,三、不可数名词,不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词a或an连用。1.表示不可数名词的数量时，通常使用量词短语，复数形式常体现在量词短语上。如：apieceofpaper-twopiecesofpaperacupoftea-threecupsoftea,.,8,2.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如;Thericeismyfavouritefood.3.常见的修饰不可数名词的词语有much,alittle,little等。如：muchrain,alittlebread,.,9,1.boy_2.story_3.watch_4.wish_5.box_6.radio_7.tomato_8.knife_9.half_10.shelf_11.child_12.woman_13.foot_14.tooth_15.sheep_16.Chinese_,boys,stories,watches,wishes,boxes,radios,tomatoes,knives,halves,shelves,children,women,feet,teeth,sheep,Writethepluralformofthecountablenouns.,Chinese,.,10,三碗米饭七瓶牛奶五千克肉六把小刀两篮土豆四袋盐,threebowlsofrice,sevenbottlesofmilk,fivekilosofmeat,sixknives,twobasketsofpotatoes,fourpacketsofsalt,翻译词组,.,11,几袋大米八公斤牛肉一张纸两片面包九杯茶十盒牛奶,somebagsofriceeightkilosofbeefapieceofpapertwopiecesofbreadninecupsofteatencartonsofmilk,.,12,Fillintheblanks:Millie:Mum,whatdoweneedtobuy?Mum:Weneedsome_,a_of_anda_of_.Millie:Doweneedtobuy_?Mum:Yes.Letsbuysome_and_.Millie:Iwanttobuysome_.TheyareGrandpasfavourite.Andwehaveonlyan_athome.Weneedtobuysometoo.Mum:OK.Wecanalsobuyafew_of_.,chicken,bag,rice,packet,salt,vegetables,carrots,potatoes,oranges,apple,bottles,juice,.,13,可数名词(1)可以计数的名词。(2)可以用冠词a,an限定,表示一个(3)可以用数词one,two,three限定。(4)有复数形式。,可数名词和不可数名词,.,14,不可数名词(1)不可以计数的名词。(2)不可以用a,an限定。(3)不可以用one,two,three限定。(4)没有复数形式。(5)计量用量词短语表达。aglassofjuice,twokilosofmeat,.,15,一片面包两杯水三盘鸡肉四袋大米五杯茶六千克肉七盒牛奶几瓶果汁几小包盐八箱桔子需要买梨和土豆一双鞋/一条裤子,apieceofbread,twoglassesofwater,threeplatesofchicken,fourbagsofrice,needtobuypearsandpotatoes,fivecupsofte