《语法专项复习定语从句》课件

语法专项复习-定语从句,Revision,GradeNine,Ilikemusic,thatIcandanceto.,thathasgreatlyrics.,thatIcansingalongwith.,thatisnttooloud.,Ilikemusicians,whowritetheirownsongs.,whoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.,Iprefergroups,thatplayquietandslowsongs.,Ilikemovies,thatisfunny/serious.,thatgivemesomethingtothinkabout.,thathelpmerelax.,Ilikesingers,whocansingwordsclearly.,先行词和关系词的关系,1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.,themachine=that,theboy=who,theboys=whose,intheschool=where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,themachine,amachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:TheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.,her,Thelady,wesawyesterdayisGreen,Who/that,定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,分词,不定式,介词短语等来担任，修饰名词或代词。如果定语是单个词放在被修饰词前面，如果定语是词组或句子，放在被修饰词后面。,ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.,(介词短语作定语),(现在分词作定语),Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,TheboynamedTomismyclassmate.,(过去分词作定语),Sixteen-year-oldkidsshouldstudyhardfirst.,(数词作定语),(不定式作定语),Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.,alovelygirl一个可爱的女孩agirlwholikespurple一个喜欢紫色的女孩注意：形容词做定语修饰名词，一般放在名词之前；从句作定语修饰名词，则放在名词之后。下面我们具体了解定语从句。,1.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。eg:Sheprefersfriendswhoareoutgoing.Istillrememberthesummerholidaythatwespenttogether.2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,Grammar,定语从句,3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose；关系副词有where,when等。关系词有三个作用：(1)引导定语从句；(2)代替先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。,定语从句的构成,Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.YoushoulddoallthatIsaid.IhavefoundtheteacherwhomIamlookingfor.Ivisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks.,关系代词关系副词,先行词之后,用陈述式语序,“.的”,先行词+关系词+句子,1.从句位置及语序:,2.翻译方法:,3.构成,名词或代词,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,关系代词前有介词时只能用which或whom,看看用什么关系代词，是否可以省略：1.我不喜欢我昨天买的这本书。Idontlikethebookthat/whichIboughtyesterday.2.我不喜欢我用来写字的墨水。IdontliketheinkinwhichIwrite.1.被他照顾的那个女孩是我的妹妹。Thegirlwhom/that/whohelooksafterismysister.2.去年与我一起去长城的那个女孩是我的妹妹。ThegirlwithwhomIwenttotheGreatWallismysister.,填上适当的关系代词：1窗户朝南的房间是我的。Theroomwhosewindowsfacesouthismine.2.这是我曾经见过的最高的男孩子ThisisthetallestboythatIhaveeverseen.4.中国是一个有着5000年历史的国家。Chinaisagreatcountry,whichhasabout5000yearsofhistory.,1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:All,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等,只能用that做关系代词的情况,2.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修饰时,3.当人和物合做先行词时,4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,引导定语从句的关系代词：,在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which做关系代词的情况,在介词后面,难用的whose,Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.,TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.,whose=thestudents,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,难用的whose,Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.,Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.,whose=thehouseswindow,Thehouseismine.,thewindowofwhichisbroken,ofwhichthewindowisbroken,关系副词和先行词的关系,IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.Idontlikethewaythatyouspeak.,ontheday=when,inthehouse=where,forthereasons=why,intheway=that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_hegave.,when/inwhich,which,where/inwhich,which,why/forwhich,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,1.Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_isnearesttotheearth.,Exercisethat,whichorwho?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,which,whose,whomorwho?,9.Isthereanythingelse_youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeaks