2017年9月新鲜出炉的建平中学高三开学考试卷

2017年9月建平中学高三开学考II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression _21_ nurses are there to wait on the position.As nurses, we _22_ (license) to provide nursing care only. We provide health teaching, and physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient- related services and make all our nursing decisions based upon what is _23_(good) or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that a physicians order is inappropriate or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility _24_(question) that order, or refuse to carry it out.Nursing is not a nine-to-five job _25_ every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that _26_ they enter the profession. The emotional and physical stress, however, _27_ occurs due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction. It is sometimes required that we work overtime, and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives and disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, isolating us from everything _28_ job-related friends and activities.The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates because experienced nurses finally give up _29_(try) to change the system. If trends continue as _30_(predict), they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.21. that: 考察名从，that引导impression的同位语从句22. are licensed: 考察固搭：be licensed to do sth. 被许可做某事；license sb. to do sth. 许可某人做某事23. the best: 考察语义，what后从句作on的宾语从句，句意：护士会尽量去做出一切能够对病人最有益的护理措施。最高级在good出现时考察较多，常见有：尽最大能力去做某事；做出最好的决定等。24. to question: 考察固搭。have a responsibility to do sth.25. with: 考察介词和语义。“护士不是一份朝九晚五的工作并且也不是每周末都能够休息。”off: 离开，不工作，with 在这里可以理解为“有”。26. before/ when: 考察状语从句。根据语义“所有护士在入职之前都能够意识到这一点（工作辛苦）。”判断出是时间状语从句，用相应的连接词。27. which: 考查定语从句。“身心上的压力发生往往是因为.”，The emotional and physical stress 作为先行词，指物，从句缺少主语，而however作为插入语在从句中不做成分，不构成非限，因此that和which都可以，但是为了更加精确，建议给学生提供which这个答案。28. except：考察语义。“工作时间扰乱我们的个人生活以及饮食和作息时间，把我们和所有事情都隔绝，除了与工作有关的朋友和活动。”29. trying：考察固搭。give up doing30. predicted：考察固搭。as predicted像预期的那样，此类搭配还有：as exceptedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. blocking B. collectively C. contemporary D. digital E. fears F. heavilyG. philosophy H. identify I. resolution J. socialize K. willingness“That which does not kill us makes us stronger.” But parents cant handle it when teenagers put this 31 into practice. And now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-craving kids.Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to 32 with their friends. What they do online often mirrors what they might otherwise do if their mobility wasnt so 33 limited in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart phones apps have become so popular in recent years. Teens want the freedom to explore their 34 and the world around them, so they jump online.As teens have moved online, parents have projected their 35 onto the Internet, imagining all the potential dangers that youth might face-from violent strangers to cruel peers. Rather than helping teens develop strategies for discussing public life and the potential risks of interacting with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and 36 . These dont help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations, assess risks and get help when theyre in trouble. It gradually weakens the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.The key to helping youth handle 37 life isnt more restrictions. Its freedom plus communication. Famed urban theorist Jane Jacobs used to argue that the safest neighborhoods were those where communities 38 took interest in and paid attention to what happened on the streets. Safety didnt come from keeping everyone indoors but from a 39 to watch out for one another. The same is true online.Teens need the freedom to wander the 40 street, but they also need to know that caring adults are behind them and supporting them wherever they go.主要词汇解析：A. blocking v. block的现在分词，阻止。 B. collectively adv. 全体地，共同地。F. heavily adv. 在很大程度上；沉重地。H. identity n. 身份。31. G 31空前有代词this, 并且指开头那句“灭不掉我的是我强大。”，判断出此处应是名词，最合适的是G“哲理”32. J “由于被锁在家中，与他人交往受限，所以青少年倾向于用手机和他们的朋友.”判断出32空应是动词并且为原型，因此只有J合适“与.交往；社交”33. F so+a./adv 表示太.,后面的limited是动词，因此此处缺少副词，根据句意“青少年的活动受到望子成龙父母的极大限制”，强调的是一种程度，因此F更合适34. H 根据34后and 判断出链接两个并列的成分，the world是名词，所以34可以断定缺少名词，待选项H,I,K,根据句意“青少年渴望拥有自由去探索自己是什么样的一种身份以及周围的环境”，因此选H35. E 根据project their_, their是形容词性物主代词，初步判定后面缺少名词，又结合后半句“父母会设想孩子们在网络中会遇到的危险”，这是一种恐惧心理，所以选择E36. A and连接并列结构，and前词意“跟踪、监控”，所以此处也应该补充一个同类型的词，只有A合适，“有这些恐惧心理的家长会跟踪，监控并且阻止孩子（使用网络）”37. C “处理_生活”，判断出缺少形容词，因此用C现代生活38. B “最安全的社区是那种有着共同的兴趣并且随时关注街道的情况的地方”，took是动词，要用副词来修饰39. K “a_”横线应用名词，又“not.but.”表示前后相反，“安全不是把每个人关在房间里而是自觉互相留意的一种意愿”40. D “青少年需要有点自由在_街道上闲游”，通篇讲孩子将自己沉浸在网络中，因此这里用与之相关的词digital，数码的，数字的III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When is an occupation a profession? There appears to no absolute definition, but only _41_ ways of looking at the issue, from historical, cultural, sociological, moral, political or philosophical perspectives. It is often said that professions are elites(精英) who undertake specialized, selfless work, according to moral codes and that their work is _42_ by examination and a license to practice. In _43_, however, they request complete control over a body of knowledge, freedom to practice, special rewards and higher financial and economic _44_.The public needs experts and higher specialist advice, but because this advice is specialized they are not in a position to _45_ what advice they need: this has to be defined in conversation with the professional. Professional judgement could be _46_ with client(委托人) satisfaction since the latter cannot then be “the chief measure of whether the professional has acted in a trustworthy fashion.” Professional elites have _47_ potential; to export their power and reputation for economic goals; to allow research for the _48_ theoretical knowledge to become an end in itself; to lose sight of client well-being in the continuing split of specialist knowledge.The higher a professions social status the more freedom it enjoys. Therefore, an occupation wanting to maintain or improve its status will try to keep as much an occupation _49_ as possible over its own affairs. As in so many other areas, socio-culture change has affected the professions considerably in recent years. Market forces and social pressures have focused professionals to be more _50_ about their modes of practice. In addition, information technology has enables the _51_ to become much better informed, and therefore more demanding. Moreover, developing in professional knowledge itself have forced a greater degree of specialization on experts, who constantly have to _52_ and do research to maintain their position.Self-regulation then becomes an even more thing for a profession to maintain er extend. But in whose _53_? Is self-regulation used to enable a profession to properly practise without _54_ interference, or is it used to maintain the status of the profession for its own ends? Or is it used to protect clients by appropriately _55_ those who have broken professional norms, or to protect the public image of the profession by concealing evidences that would damage it?41. A. fairB. normalC. differentD. separate42. A. guaranteedB. measuredC. completedD. continued43. A. returnB. comparisonC. conclusionD. fact44. A. importanceB. statusC. influenceD. certificate45. A. discoverB. acceptC. realizeD. know46. A. competingB. disagreeingC. contrastingD. mixing47. A. negativeB. creativeC. significantD. wasted48. A. necessaryB. abstractC. basicD. background49. A. independenceB. controlC. limitationD. value50. A. definite B. formalC. openD. personal51. A. publicB. followersC. audienceD. consumers52. A. resignB. recoverC. retrainD. resist53. A. interestsB. ideasC. proposalsD. instructions54. A. legalB. logicalC. unlikeD. unsuitable55. A. examiningB. separatingC. resettingD. disciplining41. C but表转折，说明前后意思相反，前面说没有绝对的定义，后面from.perspectives：从.方面来看，可知对于occupation和profession有各种不同的见解，因此用different42+43. A ,A 首先，根据43空后however课判断出前后两句有转折，43后半句“这些精英能够享有工作的自由，嘉奖，高额的经济报酬和较高的经济地位。”看出，从从事profession/工作的人可以得到这些好处，因此，42所在那句应该是他们应该付出的是什么。“他们的工作由各种考试以及许可证做担保”，意思是只有通过了这些考核，才能成为profession的工作。所以43考察短语in return ,作为回报。44. B 语义题。经济地位45. D but表转折。“人们需要权威专家的建议，但是又由于这些建议专业性极高以至于他们不清楚（不知道）他们自己需要什么样的建议”46. 公众由于不清楚自己需要什么样的建议，这种情况下会去求助相关人士（委托人），而委托人对于专业人士的建议有时不那么认同即disagreeing. 本题较难，可以使用排除法。competing 有竞争性的， contrasting有对比性的， mixing混合的，显然这三个词放在句子中都不通顺，而be disagreeing with 有“与.不符合”的含义，是固搭。47. A 冒号起解释说明的作用，根据分析，后面讲的都是专业精英的私语，因此填negative48. A 运用排除法。“_的理论知识”只有“必要的理论知识”说得通49. B 考察固搭。 keep/ have control over50. C 语义题。市场和社会施压让专业人士的工作模式更加面向公众。51. A In addition, 顺承上文，另外，信息科技使得公众能够及时接受信息。52. C resign辞职 retrain 再教育。 “而且，专业领域知识的不断丰富迫使专业人士要必须不停地去_以及做研究，一次来保证他们的地位”根据constantly课确定只有B最合适53. A 根据下文可知这里说的是“自我调节即自我充实继续学习对于专家巩固自己现有地位来说变得十分重要了。但是为了谁的利益呢？”54. D without 否定词，说明前后相反properly适当的，因此后面填意思与它相反的词，只有D最合适55. D 55后是个定从“那些打破了专业领域规范的人”，既然这些人破坏了规矩，那就要让他们“懂规矩”“给点颜色看看”，因此用discipline 处罚，使规矩，使有纪律。Section BAThe Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electrics Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers productivity and morale. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this groups work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effects.56. The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers output because A. the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working place B. the workers had to pay 1nore attention to what they were doing C. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated them D. the 11orkers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57. The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is A. list of items B. time order C. definition and example D. cause and effect 58. The Hawthorne experiment suggests that A. workers attitudes are more important than their environment B. social scientists are good workers C. productivity in electric plants tends to be low D even those who were not y the experiment improved their productivity59. The authors main purpose is A. To explain the Hawthorne effect B. to prove the importance of research C. to amuse with a surprising experiment D. to suggest ideas for future researchCDAABJoin IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of the Academy Museum of Motion PicturesThe Academy of Motion Pictures & Sciences is building the worlds leading movie museum in the heart of Los Angeles. The Academy Museum of Motion pictures, scheduled to open in 2017, will contain six stories of state-of-the-art galleries, exhibition spaces, movie theaters and educational areas. Through groundbreaking exhibitions and innovative programming, the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world. Designed by Renzo Piano, the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building.To help ensure this long-held dream of the Academy becomes a reality, the Academy has launched a $300 million fundraising campaign, led by Bob Iger, Annette Bening and Tom Hanks. We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museums community of early supporters by making a gift to the campaign today. Or, sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments.Donate NowHelp make move history and join in elite group of supporters, including IMDb, by making your contribution today.To see a full list of the Academy Museum founding supporters, click here. If you would like to make a donation or learn more about naming opportunities, please contact Christine Joyce Rodriguez, Manager of Annual Giving, at Christine. RodriguezO or 310 247 304060. The Academy of Motion Pictures is located A. in the downtown area of Los AngelesB. in the suburb of the city of Los AngelesC. in the Los Angeles County Museum of ArtD. in the centre of Wilshire May Company61. The Academy of Motion Pictures will focus on A. the exhibition of film equipmentB. the impact of film industry on world cultureC. the popularity of Hollywood movie cultureD. the achievements of American galleries and theatres62. The passage is intended to .A. promote the Academy Museum and make movie historyB. arouse peoples interest in the Academy MuseumC. raise enough money for the Academy MuseumD. help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters dreamsABCCTo live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorfs declaration that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until human use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who declare that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not restricted to the few.In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving proble